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Heterogeneity is ubiquitous in biological and synthetic active matter systems that are inherently out of equilibrium. Typically, such active mixtures involve not only conservative interactions between the constituents, but also…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-12-20 Kim L. Kreienkamp , Sabine H. L. Klapp

Non-reciprocal interactions between microscopic constituents can profoundly shape the large-scale properties of complex systems. Here, we investigate the effects of non-reciprocity in the context of theoretical ecology by analyzing a…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-03-25 Emmy Blumenthal , Jason W. Rocks , Pankaj Mehta

We study the defect solutions of the Non-reciprocal Cahn-Hilliard model (NRCH). We find two kinds of defects, spirals with unit magnitude topological charge, and topologically neutral targets. These defects generate radially outward…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-20 Navdeep Rana , Ramin Golestanian

Nonreciprocal interactions in many-body systems lead to time-dependent states, commonly observed in biological, chemical, and ecological systems. The stability of these states in the thermodynamic limit and the critical behavior of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-01 Yael Avni , Michel Fruchart , David Martin , Daniel Seara , Vincenzo Vitelli

Theoretical work has shed light on the phase behavior of idealized mixtures of many components with random interactions. But typical mixtures interact through particular physical features, leading to a structured, non-random interaction…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-05 Isabella R. Graf , Benjamin B. Machta

We study the behaviour of catalytically active droplets in multi-component conserved mixtures affected by noise. Working in the thin interface limit, we analytically determine the state diagram of the system, characterized by multiple…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-01 Jacopo Romano , Martin Kjøllesdal Johnsrud , Benoît Mahault , Ramin Golestanian

We present a computational study of the pairwise interactions between defects in the recently introduced non-reciprocal Cahn-Hilliard model. The evolution of a defect pair exhibits dependence upon their corresponding topological charges,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-07-24 Navdeep Rana , Ramin Golestanian

A central feature of complex systems is the relevance and entanglement of different levels of description. For instance, the dynamics of ecosystems can be alternatively described in terms of large ecological processes and classes of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-06 Juan Giral Martínez , Silvia de Monte , Matthieu Barbier

Nonreciprocal interactions, in which action-reaction symmetry is broken, provide a powerful route to collective dynamics that cannot be captured by equilibrium free-energy minimisation. Here, we introduce and analyse a two-species…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-11 Arjun R , Pratyush Prakash Patra , A. V. Anil Kumar

How is the irreversibility of a high-dimensional chaotic system controlled by the heterogeneity in the non-reciprocal interactions among its elements? In this paper, we address this question using a stochastic model of random recurrent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-18 Tuan Pham , Albert Alonso , Karel Proesmans

We consider a nonlinear autonomous system of $N\gg 1$ degrees of freedom randomly coupled by both relaxational ('gradient') and non-relaxational ('solenoidal') random interactions. We show that with increased interaction strength such…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Gérard Ben Arous , Yan V Fyodorov , Boris A Khoruzhenko

The classical Cahn-Hilliard (CH) equation corresponds to a gradient dynamics model that describes phase decomposition in a binary mixture. In the spinodal region, an initially homogeneous state spontaneously decomposes via a large-scale…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2023-08-11 Tobias Frohoff-Hülsmann , Uwe Thiele

Nonreciprocal interactions are widely observed in nonequilibrium systems, from biological or sociological dynamics to open quantum systems. Despite the ubiquity of nonreciprocity, its impact on phase transitions is not fully understood. In…

The short-time stability of concentration profiles in coherent periodic multilayers consisting of two components with large miscibility gap is investigated by analysing stationary solutions of the Cahn-Hilliard diffusion equation. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-10-31 Martina Hentschel , Manfred Bobeth , Gerhard Diener , Wolfgang Pompe

Complex systems with global interactions tend to be stable if interactions between components are sufficiently homogeneous. In biological systems, which often have small copy numbers and interactions mediated by diffusing agents, noise and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Fabrizio Olmeda , Steffen Rulands

We introduce a nonlinear structured population model with diffusion in the state space. Individuals are structured with respect to a continuous variable which represents a pathogen load. The class of uninfected individuals constitutes a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-03-25 Angel Calsina , Jozsef Z. Farkas

Characterizing the in uence of network properties on the global emerging behavior of interacting elements constitutes a central question in many areas, from physical to social sciences. In this article we study a primary model of disordered…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-10-08 Luis Carlos Garcidel Molino , Khashayar Pakdaman , Jonathan Touboul , Gilles Wainrib

We develop a theory for thermodynamic instabilities of complex fluids composed of many interacting chemical species organised in families. This model includes partially structured and partially random interactions and can be solved exactly…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Giorgio Carugno , Izaak Neri , Pierpaolo Vivo

The formation of dynamical patterns is one of the most striking features of nonequilibrium physical systems. Recent work has shown that such patterns arise generically from forces that violate Newton's third law, known as nonreciprocal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-26 James Mason , Robert L. Jack , Maria Bruna

We investigate the structure of non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) for a class of exactly solvable models in the setting of a chain with left and right reservoirs. Inspired by recent results on the harmonic model, we focus on models in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Frank Redig , Berend van Tol