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Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. As we progress toward an agentic world where LLM-based agents autonomously handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Naimul Haque

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across various applications, privacy and copyright concerns have heightened the need for more effective LLM unlearning techniques. Many existing unlearning methods aim to suppress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tomoya Yamashita , Akira Ito , Yuuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Takayuki Miura , Toshiki Shibahara

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has greatly advanced speech representation learning, but multilingual SSL models remain constrained to languages encountered during pretraining. Retraining from scratch to incorporate new languages is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jing Xu , Minglin Wu , Xueyuan Chen , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly catered to high-resource languages, leaving a disparity in performance for low-resource languages. Conventional Continual Training (CT) approaches to bridge this gap often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Tianhao Li , Shangjie Li , Binbin Xie , Deyi Xiong , Baosong Yang

Catastrophic forgetting (CF) poses a significant challenge in machine learning, where a model forgets previously learned information upon learning new tasks. Despite the advanced capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), they continue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Gangwei Jiang , Caigao Jiang , Zhaoyi Li , Siqiao Xue , Jun Zhou , Linqi Song , Defu Lian , Ying Wei

In this work, we introduce SeQuiFi, a novel approach for mitigating catastrophic forgetting (CF) in speech emotion recognition (SER). SeQuiFi adopts a sequential class-finetuning strategy, where the model is fine-tuned incrementally on one…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-17 Sarthak Jain , Orchid Chetia Phukan , Swarup Ranjan Behera , Arun Balaji Buduru , Rajesh Sharma

Instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) can drive them to produce results consistent with human goals in specific downstream tasks. However, the process of continual instruction tuning (CIT) for LLMs may bring about the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yongquan He , Wenyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Huang , Peng Zhang , Lingxun Meng , Xiang Zhou , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning (MCIT) is essential for sequential task adaptation of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) but is severely restricted by catastrophic forgetting. While existing literature focuses on the reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zijian Gao , Wangwang Jia , Xingxing Zhang , Pengfei Qian , Tao Sun , Bo Ding , Yong Dou , Huaimin Wang , Kele Xu

Representation forgetting refers to the drift of contextualized representations during continual training. Intuitively, the representation forgetting can influence the general knowledge stored in pre-trained language models (LMs), but the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Yun Luo , Zhen Yang , Xuefeng Bai , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Yue Zhang

The continual learning (CL) ability is vital for deploying large language models (LLMs) in the dynamic world. Existing methods devise the learning module to acquire task-specific knowledge with parameter-efficient tuning (PET) block and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Weixiang Zhao , Shilong Wang , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Xuanyu Zhang , Qing Yang , Dongliang Xu , Wanxiang Che

Continual Learning research typically focuses on tackling the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. Catastrophic forgetting is associated with an abrupt loss of knowledge previously learned by a model when the task, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 MohammadReza Davari , Nader Asadi , Sudhir Mudur , Rahaf Aljundi , Eugene Belilovsky

Adapting a pretrained language model to a new task often hurts the general capabilities it already had, a problem known as catastrophic forgetting. Sparse Memory Finetuning (SMF) tries to avoid this by adding key-value memory layers to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Prakhar Gupta , Garv Shah , Satyam Goyal , Anirudh Kanchi

The objective of digital forgetting is, given a model with undesirable knowledge or behavior, obtain a new model where the detected issues are no longer present. The motivations for forgetting include privacy protection, copyright…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Alberto Blanco-Justicia , Najeeb Jebreel , Benet Manzanares , David Sánchez , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Guillem Collell , Kuan Eeik Tan

Recently, data-driven based Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved state-of-the-art results. And transfer learning is often used when those existing systems are adapted to the target domain, e.g., fine-tuning, retraining.…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jiabin Xue , Jiqing Han , Tieran Zheng , Xiang Gao , Jiaxing Guo

A common challenge in continual learning (CL) is catastrophic forgetting, where the performance on old tasks drops after new, additional tasks are learned. In this paper, we propose a novel framework called ReCL to slow down forgetting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Pascal Janetzky , Tobias Schlagenhauf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Fine-tuning Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on task-specific data is an effective way to improve performance on downstream applications. However, such adaptation often leads to a degradation in generalization on pretrained tasks, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hyeontaek Hwang , Nguyen Dinh Son , Daeyoung Kim

Task-incremental continual learning refers to continually training a model in a sequence of tasks while overcoming the problem of catastrophic forgetting (CF). The issue arrives for the reason that the learned representations are forgotten…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yun Luo , Xiaotian Lin , Zhen Yang , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Yue Zhang

Adapting language models (LMs) to new tasks via post-training carries the risk of degrading existing capabilities -- a phenomenon classically known as catastrophic forgetting. In this paper, toward identifying guidelines for mitigating this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Howard Chen , Noam Razin , Karthik Narasimhan , Danqi Chen

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove specified data, but its efficacy is typically assessed with task-level metrics like accuracy and perplexity. We show that these metrics can be misleading, as models can appear to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaoyu Xu , Xiang Yue , Yang Liu , Qingqing Ye , Huadi Zheng , Peizhao Hu , Minxin Du , Haibo Hu

This study presents a novel approach to Generative Class Incremental Learning (GCIL) by introducing the forgetting mechanism, aimed at dynamically managing class information for better adaptation to streaming data. GCIL is one of the hot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Taro Togo , Ren Togo , Keisuke Maeda , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama