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Learning therapeutic counseling involves significant role-play experience with mock patients, with current manual training methods providing only intermittent granular feedback. We seek to accelerate and optimize counselor training by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Ian Steenstra , Farnaz Nouraei , Timothy W. Bickmore

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate feedback, yet their impact on learning remains underexplored, especially compared to existing feedback methods. This study investigates how on-demand LLM-generated explanatory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Danielle R. Thomas , Conrad Borchers , Shambhavi Bhushan , Erin Gatz , Shivang Gupta , Kenneth R. Koedinger

When programming students encounter errors in their code, compiler messages or static analysis output often provide limited guidance, particularly for novice programmers. Personalized feedback from instructors can be effective but does not…

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced various fields, including natural language processing and automated dialogue systems. This paper explores the application of LLMs in psychological counseling, addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Wenjie Li , Tianyu Sun , Kun Qian , Wenhong Wang

Realistic practice and tailored feedback are key processes for training peer counselors with clinical skills. However, existing mechanisms of providing feedback largely rely on human supervision. Peer counselors often lack mechanisms to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Alicja Chaszczewicz , Raj Sanjay Shah , Ryan Louie , Bruce A Arnow , Robert Kraut , Diyi Yang

The reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically developed through the single-turn reinforcement learning, whereas real-world applications often involve multi-turn interactions with human feedback, leading to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Qiang Liu , Wuganjing Song , Zhenzhou Lin , Feifan Chen , Qiaolong Cai , Chen Li , Yongduo Sui

Personalized chatbot-based teaching assistants can be crucial in addressing increasing classroom sizes, especially where direct teacher presence is limited. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising avenue, with increasing research…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Harsh Kumar , Ilya Musabirov , Mohi Reza , Jiakai Shi , Xinyuan Wang , Joseph Jay Williams , Anastasia Kuzminykh , Michael Liut

Job interviews play a critical role in shaping one's career, yet practicing interview skills can be challenging, especially without access to human coaches or peers for feedback. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) present…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Taufiq Daryanto , Xiaohan Ding , Lance T. Wilhelm , Sophia Stil , Kirk McInnis Knutsen , Eugenia H. Rho

Feedback is one of the most crucial components to facilitate effective learning. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) in recent years, research in programming education has increasingly focused on automated feedback generation to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Niklas Scholz , Manh Hung Nguyen , Adish Singla , Tomohiro Nagashima

Simulating human clients in mental health counseling is crucial for training and evaluating counselors (both human or simulated) in a scalable manner. Nevertheless, past research on client simulation did not focus on complex conversation…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to generate formative feedback and instructional hints in English, making them increasingly relevant for AI-assisted education. However, their ability to provide effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Junior Cedric Tonga , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Kaushal Kumar Maurya , Fajri Koto , Ekaterina Kochmar

Large language models (LLMs) are being used as ad-hoc therapists. Research suggests that LLMs outperform human counselors when generating a single, isolated empathetic response; however, their session-level behavior remains understudied. In…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zainab Iftikhar , Sean Ransom , Amy Xiao , Nicole Nugent , Jeff Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in providing scalable mental health support, while evaluating their counseling capability remains crucial to ensure both efficacy and safety. Existing evaluations are limited by the static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Shijing Zhu , Zhuang Chen , Guanqun Bi , Binghang Li , Yaxi Deng , Dazhen Wan , Libiao Peng , Xiyao Xiao , Rongsheng Zhang , Tangjie Lv , Zhipeng Hu , FangFang Li , Minlie Huang

Self-reflection on learning experiences constitutes a fundamental cognitive process, essential for the consolidation of knowledge and the enhancement of learning efficacy. However, traditional methods to facilitate reflection often face…

Training mental health clinicians to conduct standardized clinical assessments is challenging due to a lack of scalable, realistic practice opportunities, which can impact data quality in clinical trials. To address this gap, we introduce a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Veronica Bossio Botero , Vijay Yadav , Jacob Ouyang , Anzar Abbas , Michelle Worthington

In this study, we investigated the effects of self-reflection in large language models (LLMs) on problem-solving performance. We instructed nine popular LLMs to answer a series of multiple-choice questions to provide a performance baseline.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Matthew Renze , Erhan Guven

One of the central challenges for instructors is offering meaningful individual feedback, especially in large courses. Faced with limited time and resources, educators are often forced to rely on generalized feedback, even when more…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-11-07 Markus Herklotz , Niklas Ippisch , Anna-Carolina Haensch

Mental health is a growing global concern, prompting interest in AI-driven solutions to expand access to psychosocial support. \emph{Peer support}, grounded in lived experience, offers a valuable complement to professional care. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Kellie Yu Hui Sim , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo

Although engagement in self-directed wellness exercises typically declines over time, integrating social support such as coaching can sustain it. However, traditional forms of support are often inaccessible due to the high costs and complex…

This paper explores the evolving relationship between clinician trust in LLMs, the transformation of data sources from predominantly human-generated to AI-generated content, and the subsequent impact on the precision of LLMs and clinician…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Avishek Choudhury , Zaria Chaudhry
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