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As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in sensitive domains such as medicine and law, hallucination detection has become a critical task. Although numerous benchmarks have been proposed to advance research in this area,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yujie Ren , Niklas Gruhlke , Anne Lauscher

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language comprehension and generation but are prone to hallucinations, producing factually incorrect or unsupported outputs. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems address this issue by grounding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Chandana Sree Mala , Gizem Gezici , Fosca Giannotti

As large language models (LLMs) evolve from conversational assistants into agents capable of handling complex tasks, they are increasingly deployed in high-risk domains. However, existing benchmarks largely rely on mixed queries and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuhe Wu , Guangyu Wang , Yuran Chen , Jiatong Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Yujie Chen , Jiaming Shang , Guang Zhang , Zhuang Liu

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks due to their impressive capabilities as few-shot learners. Recent techniques, such as chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Kamesh R

Visual hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the model generates responses that are inconsistent with the visual input, pose a significant challenge to their reliability, particularly in contexts where precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Shadman Rabby , Md Hefzul Hossain Papon , Sabbir Ahmed

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities across a broad range of language-related tasks, including generating solutions to complex reasoning problems. An effective technique to enhance LLM performance is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuzhang Cai , Twumasi Mensah-Boateng , Xander Kuksov , Jing Yuan , Shaojie Tang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted as the cognitive core of embodied agents. However, inherited hallucinations, which stem from failures to ground user instructions in the observed physical environment, can lead to…

Hallucination, or the generation of incorrect or fabricated information, remains a critical challenge in large language models (LLMs), particularly in high-stake domains such as legal question answering (QA). In order to mitigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yinghao Hu , Leilei Gan , Wenyi Xiao , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant capabilities in processing natural language data, promising efficient knowledge extraction from diverse textual sources to enhance situational awareness and support decision-making.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Fatemeh Shiri , Van Nguyen , Farhad Moghimifar , John Yoo , Gholamreza Haffari , Yuan-Fang Li

The increasing use of large language models (LLMs) in causal discovery as a substitute for human domain experts highlights the need for optimal model selection. This paper presents the first hallucination survey of popular LLMs for causal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Grace Sng , Yanming Zhang , Klaus Mueller

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved significant success in recent years, and they have been extended to the medical domain. Although demonstrating satisfactory performance on medical Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Danfeng Guo , Demetri Terzopoulos

We study the problem of optimizing Large Language Model (LLM) inference scheduling to minimize total latency. LLM inference is an online and multi-task service process and also heavily energy consuming by which a pre-trained LLM processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zixi Chen , Yinyu Ye , Zijie Zhou

Inventory management remains a challenge for many small and medium-sized businesses that lack the expertise to deploy advanced optimization methods. This paper investigates whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can help bridge this gap. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yaqi Duan , Yichun Hu , Jiashuo Jiang

Hallucinations present a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). The utilization of parametric knowledge in generating factual content is constrained by the limited knowledge of LLMs, potentially resulting in internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanxing Ding , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have shown substantial capacity for generating fluent, contextually appropriate responses. However, they can produce hallucinated outputs, especially when a user query includes one or more false premises-claims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Yuehan Qin , Shawn Li , Yi Nian , Xinyan Velocity Yu , Yue Zhao , Xuezhe Ma

Hallucination remains a critical challenge in large language models (LLMs), hindering the development of reliable multimodal LLMs (MLLMs). Existing solutions often rely on human intervention or underutilize the agent's ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhongyu Yang , Yingfang Yuan , Xuanming Jiang , Baoyi An , Wei Pang

We develop a principled procedure for determining when a large language model (LLM) should abstain from responding (e.g., by saying "I don't know") in a general domain, instead of resorting to possibly "hallucinating" a non-sensical or…

When asked to summarize articles or answer questions given a passage, large language models (LLMs) can hallucinate details and respond with unsubstantiated answers that are inaccurate with respect to the input context. This paper describes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yung-Sung Chuang , Linlu Qiu , Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Ranjay Krishna , Yoon Kim , James Glass

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve strong performance by producing long chains of thought, but their inference costs are high and often generate redundant reasoning. Small language models (SLMs) are far more efficient, yet struggle on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haojin Wang , Yike Wang , Shangbin Feng , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Yulia Tsvetkov

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) is a milestone in generative artificial intelligence, achieving significant success in text comprehension and generation tasks. Despite the tremendous success of LLMs in many downstream tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 He Li , Haoang Chi , Mingyu Liu , Wenjing Yang