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The rapid advancement of generative AI has democratized access to powerful tools such as Text-to-Image models. However, to generate high-quality images, users must still craft detailed prompts specifying scene, style, and context-often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Dawei Xiang , Wenyan Xu , Kexin Chu , Tianqi Ding , Zixu Shen , Yiming Zeng , Jianchang Su , Wei Zhang

Text to Image Synthesis refers to the process of automatic generation of a photo-realistic image starting from a given text and is revolutionizing many real-world applications. In order to perform such process it is necessary to exploit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Marco Menardi , Alex Falcon , Saida S. Mohamed , Lorenzo Seidenari , Giuseppe Serra , Alberto Del Bimbo , Carlo Tasso

Text-to-image (T2I) generation aims to synthesize images from textual prompts, which jointly specify what must be shown and imply what can be inferred, which thus correspond to two core capabilities: \textbf{\textit{composition}} and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ouxiang Li , Yuan Wang , Xinting Hu , Huijuan Huang , Rui Chen , Jiarong Ou , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Xiaojuan Qi , Fuli Feng

Despite their impressive capabilities, diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models can lack faithfulness to the text prompt, where generated images may not contain all the mentioned objects, attributes or relations. To alleviate these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Shyamgopal Karthik , Karsten Roth , Massimiliano Mancini , Zeynep Akata

Recent advancements in the domain of text-to-image synthesis have culminated in a multitude of enhancements pertaining to quality, fidelity, and diversity. Contemporary techniques enable the generation of highly intricate visuals which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Dominic Rampas , Pablo Pernias , Marc Aubreville

Recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models produce visually stunning images and demonstrate excellent prompt following. But do they perform well as synthetic vision data generators? In this work, we revisit the promise of synthetic data as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Krzysztof Adamkiewicz , Brian Bernhard Moser , Stanislav Frolov , Tobias Christian Nauen , Federico Raue , Andreas Dengel

Environment designers in the entertainment industry create imaginative 2D and 3D scenes for games, films, and television, requiring both fine-grained control of specific details and consistent global coherence. Designers have increasingly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wen-Fan Wang , Ting-Ying Lee , Chien-Ting Lu , Che-Wei Hsu , Nil Ponsa Campanyà , Yu Chen , Mike Y. Chen , Bing-Yu Chen

Text-to-image generation models are powerful but difficult to use. Users craft specific prompts to get better images, though the images can be repetitive. This paper proposes a Prompt Expansion framework that helps users generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Siddhartha Datta , Alexander Ku , Deepak Ramachandran , Peter Anderson

Text-to-image generative models have recently exploded in popularity and accessibility. Yet so far, use of these models in creative tasks that bridge the 2D digital world and the creation of physical artefacts has been understudied. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Amy Smith , Hope Schroeder , Ziv Epstein , Michael Cook , Simon Colton , Andrew Lippman

One of the key shortcomings in current text-to-image (T2I) models is their inability to consistently generate images which faithfully follow the spatial relationships specified in the text prompt. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive…

User prompts for generative AI models are often underspecified, leading to a misalignment between the user intent and models' understanding. As a result, users commonly have to painstakingly refine their prompts. We study this alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Meera Hahn , Wenjun Zeng , Nithish Kannen , Rich Galt , Kartikeya Badola , Been Kim , Zi Wang

Large-scale text-to-image generative models have been a revolutionary breakthrough in the evolution of generative AI, allowing us to synthesize diverse images that convey highly complex visual concepts. However, a pivotal challenge in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Narek Tumanyan , Michal Geyer , Shai Bagon , Tali Dekel

Text-to-image generative models, specifically those based on diffusion models like Imagen and Stable Diffusion, have made substantial advancements. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the delicate refinement of text prompts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Wenyi Mo , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Bing Su , Ji-Rong Wen , Qing Yang

Plain text has become a prevalent interface for text-to-image synthesis. However, its limited customization options hinder users from accurately describing desired outputs. For example, plain text makes it hard to specify continuous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Songwei Ge , Taesung Park , Jun-Yan Zhu , Jia-Bin Huang

Generating images from textual descriptions has recently attracted a lot of interest. While current models can generate photo-realistic images of individual objects such as birds and human faces, synthesising images with multiple objects is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Stanislav Frolov , Shailza Jolly , Jörn Hees , Andreas Dengel

We present a lighting-aware image editing pipeline that, given a portrait image and a text prompt, performs single image relighting. Our model modifies the lighting and color of both the foreground and background to align with the provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Junuk Cha , Mengwei Ren , Krishna Kumar Singh , He Zhang , Yannick Hold-Geoffroy , Seunghyun Yoon , HyunJoon Jung , Jae Shin Yoon , Seungryul Baek

Current status quo in machine learning is to use static datasets of real images for training, which often come from long-tailed distributions. With the recent advances in generative models, researchers have started augmenting these static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Reyhane Askari Hemmat , Mohammad Pezeshki , Florian Bordes , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

Large text-to-video models hold immense potential for a wide range of downstream applications. However, they struggle to accurately depict dynamic object interactions, often resulting in unrealistic movements and frequent violations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hiroki Furuta , Heiga Zen , Dale Schuurmans , Aleksandra Faust , Yutaka Matsuo , Percy Liang , Sherry Yang

Text-to-image (T2I) models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-fidelity images, but they often fail in handling complex spatial relationships, e.g., spatial perception, reasoning, or interaction. These critical aspects are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zengbin Wang , Xuecai Hu , Yong Wang , Feng Xiong , Man Zhang , Xiangxiang Chu

Text-to-Image (T2I) generation has achieved remarkable progress in recent years. Meanwhile, reinforcement learning methods, particularly those based on Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have attracted widespread attention and been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Baoteng Li , Xianghao Zang , Xinran Wang , Xiangyu Na , Zhixiang He , Hao Sun , Chi Zhang , Zhongjiang He , Tianwei Cao , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma