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Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently shown remarkable capabilities in visual understanding and generation, but remain vulnerable to adversarial manipulations of visual content. Prior object-hiding attacks primarily rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Amira Guesmi , Muhammad Shafique

Despite their impressive capabilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., the generated content that is nonsensical or unfaithful to input sources. Unlike in LLMs, hallucinations in MLLMs often stem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Zou , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Kening Zheng , Sirui Huang , Junkai Chen , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Chang Tang , Xuming Hu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency on general-purpose vision-language benchmarks, reaching or even exceeding human-level performance. However, these evaluations typically rely on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenjin Hou , Wei Liu , Han Hu , Xiaoxiao Sun , Serena Yeung-Levy , Hehe Fan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often produce responses that misalign with factual information, a phenomenon known as hallucinations. While hallucinations are well-studied, the exact causes behind them remain underexplored. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Sreyan Ghosh , Chandra Kiran Reddy Evuru , Sonal Kumar , Utkarsh Tyagi , Oriol Nieto , Zeyu Jin , Dinesh Manocha

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has marked a significant breakthrough in natural language processing (NLP), fueling a paradigm shift in information acquisition. Nevertheless, LLMs are prone to hallucination, generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Lei Huang , Weijiang Yu , Weitao Ma , Weihong Zhong , Zhangyin Feng , Haotian Wang , Qianglong Chen , Weihua Peng , Xiaocheng Feng , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable developments along with the recent surge of large language models. Despite their advancements, LVLMs have a tendency to generate plausible yet inaccurate or inconsistent information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Dexter Neo , Tsuhan Chen

Multimodal hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) restricts the correctness of MLLMs. However, multimodal hallucinations are multi-sourced and arise from diverse causes. Existing benchmarks fail to adequately distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Bowen Dong , Minheng Ni , Zitong Huang , Guanglei Yang , Wangmeng Zuo , Lei Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal understanding capabilities, yet they remain prone to object hallucination, where models describe non-existent objects or attribute incorrect factual information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ahmed Akl , Abdelwahed Khamis , Ali Cheraghian , Zhe Wang , Sara Khalifa , Kewen Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) frequently generate hallucinated content plausible but incorrect claims about image content. We propose a training-free self-correction framework enabling VLMs to iteratively refine responses through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Kassoum Sanogo , Renzo Ardiccioni

Existing Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) primarily align image features of vision encoder with Large Language Models (LLMs) to leverage their superior text generation capabilities. However, the scale disparity between vision encoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Shi Liu , Kecheng Zheng , Wei Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful linguistic engines but remain susceptible to hallucinations: plausible-sounding outputs that are factually incorrect or unsupported. In this work, we present a mathematically grounded framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Moses Kiprono

Hallucination has been a major problem for large language models and remains a critical challenge when it comes to multimodality in which vision-language models (VLMs) have to deal with not just textual but also visual inputs. Despite rapid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zhecan Wang , Garrett Bingham , Adams Yu , Quoc Le , Thang Luong , Golnaz Ghiasi

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hazel Kim , Tom A. Lamb , Adel Bibi , Philip Torr , Yarin Gal

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) exhibit impressive ability to jointly reason over visual and textual inputs. However, they often produce outputs that are linguistically fluent but factually inconsistent with the visual evidence, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zihu Wang , Boxun Xu , Yuxuan Xia , Peng Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for generative and knowledge-intensive tasks including question-answering (QA) tasks. However, the practical deployment still faces challenges, notably the issue of "hallucination", where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Ziwei Ji , Tiezheng Yu , Yan Xu , Nayeon Lee , Etsuko Ishii , Pascale Fung

Despite their impressive performance across a wide range of tasks, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) remain prone to hallucination. In this study, we propose a comprehensive intervention framework aligned with the transformer's causal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jiaye Qian , Ge Zheng , Yuchen Zhu , Sibei Yang

Recently, 3D-LLMs, which combine point-cloud encoders with large models, have been proposed to tackle complex tasks in embodied intelligence and scene understanding. In addition to showing promising results on 3D tasks, we found that they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ruiying Peng , Kaiyuan Li , Weichen Zhang , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li

Given the higher information load processed by large vision-language models (LVLMs) compared to single-modal LLMs, detecting LVLM hallucinations requires more human and time expense, and thus rise a wider safety concerns. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ruiyang Zhang , Hu Zhang , Zhedong Zheng

Object hallucination in large vision-language models presents a significant challenge to their safe deployment in real-world applications. Recent works have proposed object-level hallucination scores to estimate the likelihood of object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Seongheon Park , Sharon Li

Despite achieving rapid developments and with widespread applications, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) confront a serious challenge of being prone to generating hallucinations. An over-reliance on linguistic priors has been identified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Lanyun Zhu , Deyi Ji , Tianrun Chen , Peng Xu , Jieping Ye , Jun Liu
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