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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that infers high-resolution subsurface physical parameters by solving a non-convex optimization problem. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., limited…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Xiong-Bin Yan , Keke Wu , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Zheng Ma

Adaptive Waveform Inversion (AWI) applied to transient transmitted wave data can yield estimates of index of refraction (or wave velocity) similar to those obtained by travel time inversion. The AWI objective function measures normalized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-12 William W. Symes

Elastic full-waveform inversion (EFWI) is a process used to estimate subsurface properties by fitting seismic data while satisfying wave propagation physics. The problem is formulated as a least-squares data fitting minimization problem…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Kamal Aghazade , Ali Gholami , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Hamid Reza Siahkoohi

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a seismic imaging method that provides quantitative inference about subsurface properties with a wavelength-scale resolution. Its frequency-domain formulation is computationally efficient when processing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Kamal Aghazade , Mahdi Sonbolestan , Stephane Operto

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is one of a family of methods that allows the reconstruction of earth subsurface parameters from measurements of waves at or near the surface. This is a numerical optimization problem that uses the whole…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-25 Mauricio A. Londoño , Francisco J. Rodríguez-Cortés

Iterative inversion of seismic, ultrasonic, and other wave data by local gradient-based optimization of mean-square data prediction error (Full Waveform Inversion or FWI) can fail to converge to useful model estimates if started from an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 William W. Symes , Huiyi Chen , Susan E. Minkoff

Seismic signals are typically compared using travel time difference or $L_2$ difference. We propose the Wasserstein metric as an alternative measure of fidelity or misfit in seismology. It exhibits properties from both of the traditional…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-11-20 Bjorn Engquist , Brittany D. Froese

Full waveform inversion (FWI) aims at estimating subsurface medium properties from measured seismic data. It is usually cast as a non-linear least-squares problem that incorporates uncertainties in the measurements. In exploration…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Tristan van Leeuwen

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a widely used technique in seismic processing to produce high resolution Earth models that fully explain the recorded seismic data. FWI is a local optimisation problem which aims to minimise in a…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-11-22 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

We propose a formulation of full-wavefield inversion (FWI) as a constrained optimization problem, and describe a computationally efficient technique for solving constrained full-wavefield inversion (CFWI). The technique is based on using a…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-10-28 Musa Maharramov , Biondo Biondi

Frequency-domain full-waveform inversion (FWI) is suitable for long-offset stationary-recording acquisition, since reliable subsurface models can be reconstructed with a few frequencies and attenuation is easily implemented without…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-04-20 Victorita Dolean , Pierre Jolivet , Stéphane Operto , Pierre-Henri Tournier

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an inverse problem for estimating the wave velocity distribution in a given domain, based on observed data on the boundaries. The inversion is computationally demanding because we are required to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Matan Goren , Eran Treister

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution subsurface imaging technique, but its effectiveness is limited by challenges such as noise contamination, sparse acquisition, and artifacts from multiparameter coupling. To address these…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-24 Feng Liu , Yaxing Li , Rui Su , Jianping Huang , Lei Bai

We develop a robust physics-guided diffusion framework for full-waveform inversion that combines a score-based generative prior with likelihood guidance computed through wave-equation simulations. We adopt a transport-based data-consistency…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Jishen Peng , Enze Jiang , Zheng Ma , Xiongbin Yan

Full-Waveform Inversion seeks to achieve a high-resolution model of the subsurface through the application of multi-variate optimization to the seismic inverse problem. Although now a mature technology, FWI has limitations related to the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that produces high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between the simulated and observed seismograms. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) reconstructs high-resolution subsurface models via multi-variate optimization but faces challenges with solver selection and data availability. Deep Learning (DL) offers a promising alternative, bridging…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-27 Christopher Zerafa

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and ill-posed problem that aims to recover subsurface velocity maps from surface-recorded seismic waveforms data. Existing data-driven FWI typically uses small models, as available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yinan Feng , Peng Jin , Yuzhe Guo , Yinpeng Chen , Youzuo Lin

We describe a new method, full waveform inversion by model extension (FWIME) that recovers accurate acoustic subsurface velocity models from seismic data, when conventional methods fail. We leverage the advantageous convergence properties…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 Guillaume Barnier , Ettore Biondi , Robert G. Clapp , Biondo Biondi

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool for reconstructing material fields based on sparsely measured data obtained by wave propagation. For specific problems, discretizing the material field with a neural network (NN) improves the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Divya Shyam Singh , Leon Herrmann , Qing Sun , Tim Bürchner , Felix Dietrich , Stefan Kollmannsberger