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The discovery by Swift that a good fraction of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have a slowly decaying X-ray afterglow phase led to the suggestion that energy injection into the blast wave takes place several hundred seconds after the burst. This…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Yizhong Fan , Tsvi Piran

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) serve as important cosmological probes, whose X-ray afterglow light curves (LCs) may exhibit a plateau phase (with temporal slope $\alpha$ between 0 and 0.5) that may originate from magnetar energy injection. Similar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-21 Yu-Qi Zhou , Shuang-Xi Yi , Yu-Peng Yang , Jia-Lun Li , Jian-Ping Hu , Yan-Kun Qu , Fa-Yin Wang

Exceptionally bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows can reveal the angular structure of their jets. GRB jets appear to have a narrow core (of half-opening angle $\theta_c$), beyond which their kinetic energy drops as a power-law with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-28 Ramandeep Gill , Jonathan Granot

Whether gamma-ray bursts are highly beamed or not is a very important question, since it has been pointed out that the beaming will lead to a sharp break in the afterglow light curves during the ultra-relativistic phase, with the breaking…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. M. Wei , T. Lu

Assuming an adiabatic evolution of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireball interacting with an external medium, we calculate the hydrodynamics of the fireball with energy injection from a strongly magnetic millisecond pulsar through magnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 W. Wang , Z G Dai

We systematically reanalyzed all Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglow data published through the end of 2002, in an attempt to detect the predicted supernova light component and to gain statistical insight on its phenomenological properties. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Zeh , S. Klose , D. H. Hartmann

Cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows seem to result from dissipation of bulk energy in relativistic outflows, but their engine has not been unambiguously identified. The engine could be a young pulsar formed from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Eric G. Blackman , Insu Yi

The exact profile of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow image on the plane of the sky can provide important constraints on the underlying physics. In particular, it can test whether the magnetic field in the emitting shocked external medium…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jonathan Granot

The afterglows to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are due to synchrotron emission from shocks generated as an ultra-relativistic outflow decelerates. A forward and a reverse shock will form, however, where emission from the forward shock is well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 Gavin P Lamb , Shiho Kobayashi

Gravitational-wave detected neutron star mergers provide an opportunity to investigate short gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet afterglows without the GRB trigger. Here we show that the post-peak afterglow decline can distinguish between an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-22 Gavin P Lamb , Ilya Mandel , Lekshmi Resmi

Four years after the launch the Swift satellite the nature of the Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) broadband afterglow behaviour is still an open issue ad the standard external shock fireball models cannot easily explain the puzzling combined…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-08-05 M. Nardini , G. Ghisellini , G. Ghirlanda , A. Celotti

Energy injection into the external shock system that generates the afterglow to a gamma-ray burst (GRB) can result in a re-brightening of the emission. Here we investigate the off-axis view of a re-brightened refreshed shock afterglow. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-26 Gavin P. Lamb , Andrew J. Levan , Nial R. Tanvir

We calculate the magnification light curves due to stellar microlensing of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows. A GRB source appears on the sky as a thin ring which expands faster than the speed of light and is maximally magnified as it…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Shude Mao , Abraham Loeb

In this work, we have modeled the hydrodynamic evolution of the GRBs fireball in violent interaction with the external medium (the ISM) surrounding the burst source by assuming a power law distribution of the accelerated relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-22 E. Zouaoui , M. Fouka , S. Ouichaoui

We discuss jet dynamics for narrow and wide gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow jets and the observational implications of numerical simulations of relativistic jets in two dimensions. We confirm earlier numerical results that sideways…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 Hendrik J. van Eerten , Andrew I. MacFadyen

(Abridged) We discuss a Gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireball with an additional energy injection, either in the form of a Poynting-flux-dominated outflow or a kinetic-energy-dominated matter shell injected after the burst. A total injection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Bing Zhang , Peter Meszaros

The fluctuations observed in the light curves of some GRB-afterglows (such as GRB 021004) provide a useful tool to probe the circum-burst density profile and to probe the variations in the energy of blast-wave with time. We present a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ehud Nakar , Tsvi Piran

Synchrotron and inverse Compton emission successfully explain the observed spectra of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows. It is thought that most GRBs are products of extremely relativistic outflows and the afterglow marks the interaction of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-04 Marcus DuPont , Andrew MacFadyen , Re'em Sari

Using the generic hydrodynamic model of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows, we calculate the radio afterglow light curves of low luminosity, high luminosity, failed and standard GRBs in different observational bands of FAST's energy window.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Zhi-Bin Zhang , Si-Wei Kong , Yong-Feng Huang , Di Li , Long-Biao Li

Jet breaks in gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglows provide a direct probe of their collimation angle. Modeling a jet break requires an understanding of the "jet spreading" process, whereby the jet transitions from a collimated outflow into the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-10 Paul C. Duffell , Tanmoy Laskar