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This paper studies the fundamental problem of multi-layer generator models in learning hierarchical representations. The multi-layer generator model that consists of multiple layers of latent variables organized in a top-down architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jiali Cui , Ying Nian Wu , Tian Han

Despite the remarkable performance of text-to-image diffusion models in image generation tasks, recent studies have raised the issue that generated images sometimes cannot capture the intended semantic contents of the text prompts, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Geon Yeong Park , Jeongsol Kim , Beomsu Kim , Sang Wan Lee , Jong Chul Ye

By linking conceptual theories with observed data, generative models can support reasoning in complex situations. They have come to play a central role both within and beyond statistics, providing the basis for power analysis in molecular…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-15 Kris Sankaran , Susan P. Holmes

Upcoming technologies like digital twins, autonomous, and artificial intelligent systems involving safety-critical applications require models which are accurate, interpretable, computationally efficient, and generalizable. Unfortunately,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Sindre Stenen Blakseth , Adil Rasheed , Trond Kvamsdal , Omer San

We study Bayesian inverse problems with mixed noise, modeled as a combination of additive and multiplicative Gaussian components. While traditional inference methods often assume fixed or known noise characteristics, real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Paul Hagemann , Robert Gruhlke , Bernhard Stankewitz , Claudia Schillings , Gabriele Steidl

Hybrid modelling reduces the misspecification of expert models by combining them with machine learning (ML) components learned from data. Similarly to many ML algorithms, hybrid model performance guarantees are limited to the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Antoine Wehenkel , Jens Behrmann , Hsiang Hsu , Guillermo Sapiro , Gilles Louppe , Jörn-Henrik Jacobsen

Exponential-family Random Graph Models (ERGMs) constitute a large statistical framework for modeling sparse and dense random graphs, short- and long-tailed degree distributions, covariates, and a wide range of complex dependencies. Special…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-21 Michael Schweinberger , Pavel N. Krivitsky , Carter T. Butts , Jonathan Stewart

Model merging aims to combine multiple task-specific expert models into a single model without joint retraining, offering a practical alternative to multi-task learning when data access or computational budget is limited. Existing methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kaiyang Li , Shaobo Han , Qing Su , Shihao Ji

While synthetic tabular data generation using Deep Generative Models (DGMs) offers a compelling solution to data scarcity and privacy concerns, their effectiveness relies on the availability of substantial training data, often lacking in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Patricia A. Apellániz , Ana Jiménez , Borja Arroyo Galende , Juan Parras , Santiago Zazo

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have an over-actuated system by including two power sources, a battery pack and an internal combustion engine. This feature of HEV is exploited in this paper to simultaneously achieve accurate identification…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-19 Haojie Zhu , Ziyou Song , Jun Hou , Heath Hofmann , Jing Sun

Developing intelligent energy management systems with high adaptability and superiority is necessary and significant for Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). This paper proposed an ensemble learning-based scheme based on a learning automata…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Bin Shuai , Min Hua , Yanfei Li , Shijin Shuai , Hongming Xu , Quan Zhou

Learning distributions over graph-structured data is a challenging task with many applications in biology and chemistry. In this work we use an energy-based model (EBM) based on multi-channel graph neural networks (GNN) to learn permutation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Shiv Shankar

Data assimilation plays a crucial role in numerical modeling, enabling the integration of real-world observations into mathematical models to enhance the accuracy and predictive capabilities of simulations. This approach is widely applied…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Alexander Lobbe , Dan Crisan , Oana Lang

While deep generative models~(DGMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in capturing complex data distributions, they consistently fail to learn constraints that encode domain knowledge and thus require constraint integration. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruoyan Li , Dipti Ranjan Sahu , Guy Van den Broeck , Zhe Zeng

Energy management strategies (EMSs) are the most significant components in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) because they decide the potential of energy conservation and emission reduction. This work presents a transferred EMS for a parallel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-17 Teng Liu , Xiaolin Tang , Jiaxin Chen , Hong Wang , Wenhao Tan , Yalian Yang

This paper investigates energy guidance in generative modeling, where the target distribution is defined as $q(\mathbf x) \propto p(\mathbf x)\exp(-\beta \mathcal E(\mathbf x))$, with $p(\mathbf x)$ being the data distribution and $\mathcal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shiyuan Zhang , Weitong Zhang , Quanquan Gu

Exponential-family random graph models (ERGMs) provide a principled and flexible way to model and simulate features common in social networks, such as propensities for homophily, mutuality, and friend-of-a-friend triad closure, through…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-08-01 Pavel N. Krivitsky

Covariate balance is a conventional key diagnostic for methods used estimating causal effects from observational studies. Recently, there is an emerging interest in directly incorporating covariate balance in the estimation. We study a…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-14 Qingyuan Zhao , Daniel Percival

Selective inference aims at providing valid inference after a data-driven selection of models or hypotheses. It is essential to avoid overconfident results and replicability issues. While significant advances have been made in this area for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-14 Matteo D'Alessandro , Magne Thoresen

We propose to learn energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space of a generator model, so that the EBM serves as a prior model that stands on the top-down network of the generator model. Both the latent space EBM and the top-down network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-30 Bo Pang , Tian Han , Erik Nijkamp , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu