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Agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on repository-level code-generation tasks. However, for tasks such as website codebase generation, which depend heavily on visual effects and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zimu Lu , Houxing Ren , Yunqiao Yang , Ke Wang , Zhuofan Zong , Junting Pan , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Existing GUI grounding methods often struggle with fine-grained localization in high-resolution screenshots. To address this, we propose GUI-ARP, a novel framework that enables adaptive multi-stage inference. Equipped with the proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xianhang Ye , Yiqing Li , Wei Dai , Miancan Liu , Ziyuan Chen , Zhangye Han , Hongbo Min , Jinkui Ren , Xiantao Zhang , Wen Yang , Zhi Jin

Grounding natural language queries in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) presents a challenging task that requires models to comprehend diverse UI elements across various applications and systems, while also accurately predicting the spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhecheng Li , Guoxian Song , Yiwei Wang , Zhen Xiong , Junsong Yuan , Yujun Cai

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are transforming the capabilities of graphical user interface (GUI) agents, facilitating their transition from controlled simulations to complex, real-world applications across various platforms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Boyu Gou , Ruohan Wang , Boyuan Zheng , Yanan Xie , Cheng Chang , Yiheng Shu , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding is a fundamental task for building GUI agents. However, general vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with this task due to a lack of specific optimization. We identify a key gap in this paper:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Weiming Li , Yan Shao , Jing Yang , Yujing Lu , Ling Zhong , Yuhan Wang , Manni Duan

Training effective Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for GUI agents typically depends on large-scale annotated datasets, whose collection is both labor-intensive and error-prone. We introduce K-step GUI Transition, a self-supervised inverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Longxi Gao , Li Zhang , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Mengwei Xu

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) translate natural-language instructions into Graphical User Interface (GUI) actions such as clicks, keystrokes, and scrolls by relying on a Vision-Language Model (VLM) to interpret screenshots and predict grounded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xunzhuo Liu , Bowei He , Xue Liu , Andy Luo , Haichen Zhang , Huamin Chen

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents offer cross-platform solutions for automating complex digital tasks, with significant potential to transform productivity workflows. However, their performance is often constrained by the scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Junlei Zhang , Zichen Ding , Chang Ma , Zijie Chen , Qiushi Sun , Zhenzhong Lan , Junxian He

Visual language models (VLMs) empower mobile GUI agents to interpret complex mobile screens and respond to user requests. Training such capable agents requires large-scale, high-quality mobile GUI data. However, existing mobile GUI datasets…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Longxi Gao , Li Zhang , Shihe Wang , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Shangguang Wang , Yuanchun Li , Mengwei Xu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities in geo-localization, yet they often struggle in real-world scenarios where visual cues are sparse, long-tailed, and highly ambiguous. Previous approaches,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Furong Jia , Ling Dai , Wenjin Deng , Fan Zhang , Chen Hu , Daxin Jiang , Yu Liu

We present WebGym, the largest-to-date open-source environment for training realistic visual web agents. Real websites are non-stationary and diverse, making artificial or small-scale task sets insufficient for robust policy learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hao Bai , Alexey Taymanov , Tong Zhang , Aviral Kumar , Spencer Whitehead

Autonomous web navigation requires agents to perceive complex visual environments and maintain long-term context, yet current Large Language Model (LLM) based agents often struggle with spatial disorientation and navigation loops. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xinjun Wang , Shengyao Wang , Aimin Zhou , Hao Hao

Mobile GUI agents show promise in automating tasks but face generalization challenges in diverse real-world scenarios. Traditional approaches using pre-training or fine-tuning with massive datasets struggle with the diversity of mobile…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Guangyi Liu , Pengxiang Zhao , Liang Liu , Zhiming Chen , Yuxiang Chai , Shuai Ren , Hao Wang , Shibo He , Wenchao Meng

Autonomous agents that navigate Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to automate tasks like document editing and file management can greatly enhance computer workflows. While existing research focuses on online settings, desktop environments,…

Recently, there has been a surge of vision-based GUI agents designed to automate everyday mobile and web tasks. These agents interpret raw GUI screenshots and autonomously decide where to click, scroll, or type, which bypasses handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Zaitang Li , Yonglin Wang , Hongming Zhang , Ninghao Liu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Despite the rapid progress of large vision-language models (LVLMs), fine-grained, state-conditioned GUI interaction remains challenging. Current evaluations offer limited coverage, imprecise target-state definitions, and an overreliance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Fengxian Ji , Jingpu Yang , Zirui Song , Yuanxi Wang , Zhexuan Cui , Yuke Li , Qian Jiang , Xiuying Chen

Graphical User Interface (GUI) action grounding is a critical step in GUI automation that maps language instructions to actionable elements on GUI screens. Most recent works of GUI action grounding leverage large GUI datasets to fine-tune…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yue Fan , Handong Zhao , Ruiyi Zhang , Yu Shen , Xin Eric Wang , Gang Wu

Grounding natural language queries in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) poses unique challenges due to the diversity of visual elements, spatial clutter, and the ambiguity of language. In this paper, we introduce DiMo-GUI, a training-free…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Hang Wu , Hongkai Chen , Yujun Cai , Chang Liu , Qingwen Ye , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Yiwei Wang

We introduce WebSight, a vision-based autonomous web agent, designed to interact with web environments purely through visual perception, eliminating dependence on HTML or DOM-based inputs. Central to our approach we introduce our new model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tanvir Bhathal , Asanshay Gupta

Recent advancements in visual language models (VLMs) have notably enhanced their capabilities in handling complex Graphical User Interface (GUI) interaction tasks. Despite these improvements, current frameworks often struggle to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhiyuan Hu , Shiyun Xiong , Yifan Zhang , See-Kiong Ng , Anh Tuan Luu , Bo An , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi