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Recent research has identified discriminatory behavior of automated prediction algorithms towards groups identified on specific protected attributes (e.g., gender, ethnicity, age group, etc.). When deployed in real-world scenarios, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Anubha Pandey , Aditi Rai , Maneet Singh , Deepak Bhatt , Tanmoy Bhowmik

Machine learning models have demonstrated promising performance in many areas. However, the concerns that they can be biased against specific demographic groups hinder their adoption in high-stake applications. Thus, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Canyu Chen , Yueqing Liang , Xiongxiao Xu , Shangyu Xie , Ashish Kundu , Ali Payani , Yuan Hong , Kai Shu

Fairness-aware machine learning has recently attracted various communities to mitigate discrimination against certain societal groups in data-driven tasks. For fair supervised learning, particularly in pre-processing, there have been two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jinwon Sohn , Guang Lin , Qifan Song

Although significant progress has been made in face recognition, demographic bias still exists in face recognition systems. For instance, it usually happens that the face recognition performance for a certain demographic group is lower than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Fu-En Wang , Chien-Yi Wang , Min Sun , Shang-Hong Lai

Recommendation algorithms typically build models based on historical user-item interactions (e.g., clicks, likes, or ratings) to provide a personalized ranked list of items. These interactions are often distributed unevenly over different…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Ziwei Zhu , Jianling Wang , James Caverlee

With the universal adoption of machine learning in healthcare, the potential for the automation of societal biases to further exacerbate health disparities poses a significant risk. We explore algorithmic fairness from the perspective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Md Rahat Shahriar Zawad , Peter Washington

Machine learning algorithms have been increasingly deployed in critical automated decision-making systems that directly affect human lives. When these algorithms are only trained to minimize the training/test error, they could suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Sina Baharlouei , Maher Nouiehed , Ahmad Beirami , Meisam Razaviyayn

Algorithmic fairness in recommender systems requires close attention to the needs of a diverse set of stakeholders that may have competing interests. Previous work in this area has often been limited by fixed, single-objective definitions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Amanda Aird , Elena Štefancová , Cassidy All , Amy Voida , Martin Homola , Nicholas Mattei , Robin Burke

Fairness has been identified as an important aspect of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence solutions for decision making. Recent literature offers a variety of approaches for debiasing, however many of them fall short when the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ata Yalcin , Asli Umay Ozturk , Yigit Sever , Viktoria Pauw , Stephan Hachinger , Ismail Hakki Toroslu , Pinar Karagoz

We consider the problem of producing fair probabilistic classifiers for multi-class classification tasks. We formulate this problem in terms of "projecting" a pre-trained (and potentially unfair) classifier onto the set of models that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Wael Alghamdi , Hsiang Hsu , Haewon Jeong , Hao Wang , P. Winston Michalak , Shahab Asoodeh , Flavio P. Calmon

Group fairness, a class of fairness notions that measure how different groups of individuals are treated differently according to their protected attributes, has been shown to conflict with one another, often with a necessary cost in loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Joon Sik Kim , Jiahao Chen , Ameet Talwalkar

Disaggregated performance metrics across demographic groups are a hallmark of fairness assessments in computer vision. These metrics successfully incentivized performance improvements on person-centric tasks such as face analysis and are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Melissa Hall , Bobbie Chern , Laura Gustafson , Denisse Ventura , Harshad Kulkarni , Candace Ross , Nicolas Usunier

There is arbitrariness in optimum solutions of graph-theoretic problems that can give rise to unfairness. Incorporating fairness in such problems, however, can be done in multiple ways. For instance, fairness can be defined on an individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Christopher Hojny , Frits Spieksma , Sten Wessel

The widespread integration of face recognition technologies into various applications (e.g., access control and personalized advertising) necessitates a critical emphasis on fairness. While previous efforts have focused on demographic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yifan Liu , Ruichen Yao , Yaokun Liu , Ruohan Zong , Zelin Li , Yang Zhang , Dong Wang

Fairness metrics are used to assess discrimination and bias in decision-making processes across various domains, including machine learning models and human decision-makers in real-world applications. This involves calculating the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Manh Khoi Duong , Stefan Conrad

Algorithmic fairness has become a central concern in computational decision-making systems, where ensuring equitable outcomes is essential for both ethical and legal reasons. Two dominant notions of fairness have emerged in the literature:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sandra Benítez-Peña , Blas Kolic , Victoria Menendez , Belén Pulido

Algorithms and models are increasingly deployed to inform decisions about people, inevitably affecting their lives. As a consequence, those in charge of developing these models must carefully evaluate their impact on different groups of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Alessandro Fabris , Andrea Esuli , Alejandro Moreo , Fabrizio Sebastiani

In order to monitor and prevent bias in AI systems we can use a wide range of (statistical) fairness measures. However, it is mathematically impossible to optimize for all of these measures at the same time. In addition, optimizing a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Stefan Buijsman

The label bias and selection bias are acknowledged as two reasons in data that will hinder the fairness of machine-learning outcomes. The label bias occurs when the labeling decision is disturbed by sensitive features, while the selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Yixuan Zhang , Feng Zhou , Zhidong Li , Yang Wang , Fang Chen

Algorithmic fairness is typically studied from the perspective of predictions. Instead, here we investigate fairness from the perspective of recourse actions suggested to individuals to remedy an unfavourable classification. We propose two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Julius von Kügelgen , Amir-Hossein Karimi , Umang Bhatt , Isabel Valera , Adrian Weller , Bernhard Schölkopf