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Quantum sensors based on atom interferometers are advancing both fundamental physics and practical applications, with higher sensitivity being a key requirement for these investigations. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a sensitivity…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Sotatsu Otabe , Naoki Kaku , Tomoya Sato , Martin Miranda , Takuya Kawasaki , Mikio Kozuma

We demonstrate control over the localization of high-lying Rydberg wave packets in argon atoms with phase-locked orthogonally polarized two-color (OTC) laser fields. With a reaction microscope, we measured ionization signals of high-lying…

Conventional optical coherent receivers capture the full electrical field, including amplitude and phase, of a signal waveform by measuring its interference against a stable continuous-wave local oscillator (LO). In optical coherent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Haoshuo Chen , Nicolas K. Fontaine , Joan M. Gene , Roland Ryf , David T. Neilson , Gregory Raybon

We present a technique for measuring radio-frequency (RF) electric field strengths with sub-wavelength resolution. We use Rydberg states of rubidium atoms to probe the RF field. The RF field causes an energy splitting of the Rydberg states…

We propose a method to track signals from quadrant photodiodes (QPD) in heterodyne laser interferometers that employ digital phase-locked loops for phase readout. Instead of separately tracking the four segments from the QPD and then…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-17 Gerhard Heinzel , Miguel Dovale Álvarez , Alvise Pizzella , Nils Brause , Juan José Esteban Delgado

The exploitation of sub-MHz (\textless 1 MHz) can be beneficial for a plethora of applications like underwater vehicular communication, subsurface exploration, low-frequency navigation etc. The traditional electrical receivers in this band…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-24 Minze Chen , Tianqi Mao , Wei Xiao , Zhonghuai Wu , Dapeng Li , Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Dezhi Zheng , Kaibin Huang , Zhaocheng Wang

In this paper, we develop a communication-oriented complex baseband equivalent model for superheterodyne Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQRs). The model explicitly captures photodetection-induced signal-dependent shot noise and its…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Qihao Peng , Qu Luo , Tierui Gong , Neng Ye , Jizhou Wu , Cunhua Pan , Maged Elkashlan , Pei Xiao , Chau Yuen , George K. Karagiannidis , Jiangzhou Wang

We study a driven-dissipative system of atoms in the presence of laser excitation to a Rydberg state and spontaneous emission. The atoms interact via the blockade effect, whereby an atom in the Rydberg state shifts the Rydberg level of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2011-09-14 Tony E. Lee , H. Häffner , M. C. Cross

Quantum sensors are keeping the cutting-edge sensitivities in metrology. However, for high-sensitive measurements of arbitrary signals, limitations in linear dynamic range could introduce distortions when sensing the frequency, magnitude…

Experiments handling Rydberg atoms near surfaces must necessarily deal with the high sensitivity of Rydberg atoms to (stray) electric fields that typically emanate from adsorbates on the surface. We demonstrate a method to modify and reduce…

We investigate the use of a split-ring resonator (SRR) incorporated with an atomic-vapor cell to improve the sensitivity and the minimal detectable electric (E) field of Rydberg atom-based sensors. In this approach, a sub-wavelength SRR is…

Measurement sensitivity is one of the critical indicators for Rydberg atomic radio receivers. This work quantitatively studies the relationship between the atomic superheterodyne receiver's sensitivity and the number of atoms involved in…

The development of a microwave electrometer with inherent uncertainty approaching its ultimate limit carries both fundamental and technological significance. Recently, the Rydberg electrometer has garnered considerable attention due to its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Hai-Tao Tu , Kai-Yu Liao , Guo-Dong He , Yi-Fei Zhu , Si-Yuan Qiu , Hao Jiang , Wei Huang , Wu Bian , Hui Yan , Shi-Liang Zhu

Rydberg-atom sensors convert radiofrequency, microwave and terahertz fields into optical signals with SI-traceable calibration, high sensitivity, and broad tunability. This review assesses their potential for space applications by comparing…

A method for performing a precision measurement of the Rydberg constant, $R_{\infty}$, using cold circular Rydberg atoms is proposed. These states have long lifetimes, as well as negligible quantum-electrodynamics (QED) and no…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Andira Ramos , Kaitlin Moore , Georg Raithel

Rydberg atom radio frequency sensors are unique in a number of ways, including possessing extraordinary carrier bandwidth, self-calibration and accuracy. In this paper, we examine the impact of thermal radiation on Rydberg atom sensors.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Channprit Kaur , Pinrui Shen , Donald Booth , Andrew Todd , James P. Shaffer

Out-of-equilibrium Rydberg gases exhibit emergent many-body phases due to mode competition. Sustained limit cycle oscillations (OSC) emerge when driven by B-fields at room-temperature, forming robust Rydberg dissipative time crystals (DTC).…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Darmindra Arumugam

We report precision spectroscopy of ionic-core transitions in alkaline-earth Rydberg atoms. We demonstrate high-resolution measurements of isotope shifts and hyperfine splitting of dipole transitions in ionic cores which have not been…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Mitsuki Odahara , Shinsuke Haze

Rydberg atomic receivers (RARs) leverage the quantum coherence of highly excited atoms to overcome the intrinsic physical limitations of conventional radio frequency receivers (RFRs), particularly in sensitivity, and bandwidth. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Yin Zhang , Jiayi Zhang , Bokai Xu , Yuanbin Chen , Zhilong Liu , Jiakang Zheng , Enyu Shi , Ziheng Liu , Tierui Gong , Wei E. I. Sha , Chau Yuen , Shi Jin , Bo Ai

We demonstrate a new technique for detecting components of arbitrarily-shaped radio-frequency waveforms based on stroboscopic back-action evading measurements. We combine quantum non-demolition measurements and stroboscopic probing to…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 F. Martin Ciurana , G. Colangelo , L. Slodicka , R. J. Sewell , M. W. Mitchell