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This paper reviews discounting approaches for modeling multi-year energy investments, focusing on total versus annualised cost formulations. We discuss how time value of money is handled, and how salvage value and milestone-year weighting…
This paper summarises the main multi-year investment modelling approaches in energy planning models. Therefore, here we will go from a simple (basic) formulation to a more complex (general) one to understand different levels of detail,…
Tulipa Energy Model aims to optimise the investment and operation of the electricity market, considering its coupling with other sectors, such as hydrogen and heat, that can also be electrified. The problem is analysed from the perspective…
Energy system models are essential for planning and supporting the energy transition. However, increasing temporal, spatial, and sectoral resolutions have led to large-scale linear programming (LP) models that are often (over)simplified to…
The optimization-based design of renewable energy systems is a computationally demanding task because of the high temporal fluctuation of supply and demand time series. In order to reduce these time series, the aggregation of typical…
Modelling renewable energy systems is a computationally-demanding task due to the high fluctuation of supply and demand time series. To reduce the scale of these, this paper discusses different methods for their aggregation into typical…
Intermittent renewable energy resources like wind and solar pose great uncertainty of multiple time scales, from minutes to years, on the design and operation of power systems. Energy system optimization models have been developed to find…
Grid-connected hybrid renewable power systems with energy storage can reduce the intermittency of renewable power supply. However, emerging energy storage technologies need improvement to compete with lithium-ion batteries and reduce the…
In this paper, we investigate the energy system design problems with the multi-generation technologies, i.e., simultaneous generation of multiple types of energy. We propose a long-term planning model which integrates macro-level strategic…
In the context of building electrification, the operation of distributed energy resources integrating multiple energy carriers (electricity, heat, mobility) poses a significant challenge due to the nonlinear device dynamics, uncertainty,…
Recent studies indicate that the effects of inter-annual climate-based variability in power system planning are significant and that long samples of demand & weather data (spanning multiple decades) should be considered. At the same time,…
Averting the impending harms of climate change requires to replace fossil fuels with renewables as a primary source of energy. Non-electric renewable potential being limited, this implies extending the use of electricity generated from wind…
Seasonal climate variations affect electricity demand, which in turn affects month-to-month electricity planning and operations. Electricity system planning at the monthly timescale can be improved by adapting climate forecasts to estimate…
This paper introduces a generalised version of importance subsampling for time series reduction/aggregation in optimisation-based power system planning models. Recent studies indicate that reliably determining optimal electricity…
This paper considers the representation of energy storage in electricity sector capacity planning models. The incorporation of storage in long-term systems models of this type is increasingly relevant as the cost of storage technologies,…
With the increasing complexity and size of capacity expansion models, temporal aggregation has emerged as a common method to improve computational tractability. However, this approach inherently complicates the inclusion of long-duration…
Energy system models are challenged by the need for high temporal and spatial resolutions in or-der to appropriately depict the increasing share of intermittent renewable energy sources, storage technologies, and the growing…
The growth in variable renewables such as solar and wind is increasing the impact of climate uncertainty in energy system planning. Addressing this ideally requires high-resolution time series spanning at least a few decades. However,…
Fast and accurate large-scale energy system models are needed to investigate the potential of storage to complement the fluctuating energy production of renewable energy systems. However, standard Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) models that…
The penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in electrical systems has changed the way the expansion planning is treated. This kind of resource has great variability in small amounts of time, which makes it important to represent…