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We study the limiting behaviors of a generalized elephant random walk on the integer lattice. This random walk is defined by using two sequences of parameters expressing the memory at each step from the whole past and the drift of each step…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Yuichi Shiozawa

Elephant random walk is a special type of random walk that incorporates the memory of the past to determine its future steps. The probability of this walk taking a particular step (+1 or -1) at a time point, conditioned on the entire…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Krishanu Maulik , Parthanil Roy , Tamojit Sadhukhan

Elephant random walk is a kind of one-dimensional discrete-time random walk with infinite memory: For each step, with probability $\alpha$ the walker adopts one of his/her previous steps uniformly chosen at random, and otherwise he/she…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-26 Naoki Kubota , Masato Takei

We consider a generalized model of elephant random walks wherein the walker, during the $(n+1)$-st time-stamp, draws from the past (i.e. the set $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$) a sample of $k$ time-stamps, either with replacement or without, where $k$…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Moumanti Podder , Archi Roy

We consider the elephant random walk with general step distribution. We calculate the first four moments of the limiting distribution of the position rescaled by $n^\alpha$ in the superdiffusive regime where $\alpha$ is the memory…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-03 József Kiss , Bálint Vető

In this paper, we study the number of moves in a multidimensional elephant random walk with stops. We establish several convergence results for the number of moves, including the law of large numbers and the law of iterated logarithm. Using…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Shyan Ghosh , Manisha Dhillon , Kuldeep Kumar Kataria

Elephant random walk, introduced to study the effect of memory on random walks, is a novel type of walk that incorporates the information of one randomly chosen past step to determine the future step. However, memory of a process can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Krishanu Maulik , Parthanil Roy , Tamojit Sadhukhan

In this work we study asymptotic properties of a long range memory random walk known as elephant random walk. First we prove recurrence and positive recurrence for the elephant random walk. Then, we establish the transience regime of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Cristian F. Coletti , Ioannis Papageorgiou

We consider a discrete-time random walk where the random increment at time step $t$ depends on the full history of the process. We calculate exactly the mean and variance of the position and discuss its dependence on the initial condition…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Gunter M. Schütz , Steffen Trimper

In this paper, we consider a generalization of the elephant random walk model. Compared to the usual elephant random walk, an interesting feature of this model is that the step sizes form a sequence of positive independent and identically…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Jérôme Dedecker , Xiequan Fan , Haijuan Hu , Florence Merlevède

The one-dimensional elephant random walk is a typical model of discrete-time random walk with step-reinforcement, and is introduced by Sch\"{u}tz and Trimper (2004). It has a parameter $\alpha \in (-1,1)$: The case $\alpha=0$ corresponds to…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Masafumi Hayashi , So Oshiro , Masato Takei

In this paper, we introduce the elephant random walk (ERW) with memory consisting of randomly selected steps from its history. It is a time-changed variant of the standard elephant random walk with memory consisting of its full history. At…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-23 M. Dhillon , K. K. Kataria

We study the long time behavior of the elephant random walk with stops, introduced by Kumar, Harbola and Lindenberg (2010), and establish the phase transition of the number of visited points up to time $n$, and the correlation between the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Tatsuya Akimoto , Masato Takei , Keisuke Taniguchi

We study how memory impacts passages at the origin for a so-called elephant random walk in the diffusive regime. We observe that the number of zeros always grows asymptotically like the square root of the time, despite the fact that,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-07 Jean Bertoin

We study how conditioning affects the long-term behavior of the Elephant Random Walk, focusing on its first return to the origin, namely, the time it takes to forget the training. When the walker is conditioned to be at position $n$ at time…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Zheng Fang

We consider in this article an Elephant Random Walk evolving in the plane. Specifically, this is a reinforced stochastic process in which the $n$th step is given by a random rotation of one of the previous steps chosen uniformly at random.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucile Laulin , Bastien Mallein

We introduce an original way to estimate the memory parameter of the elephant random walk, a fascinating discrete time random walk on integers having a complete memory of its entire history. Our estimator is nothing more than a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Bernard Bercu , Lucile Laulin

For the standard elephant random walk, Laulin (2022) studied the case when the increment of the random walk is not uniformly distributed over the past history instead has a power law distribution. We study such a problem for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Rahul Roy , Masato Takei , Hideki Tanemura

We explore the impact of long-range memory on the properties of a family of quantum walks in a one-dimensional lattice and discrete time, which can be understood as the quantum version of the classical "Elephant Random Walk" non-Markovian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 Giuseppe Di Molfetta , Diogo O. Soares-Pinto , Silvio M. Duarte Queiros

In the classical simple random walk the steps are independent, viz., the walker has no memory. In contrast, in the elephant random walk which was introduced by Sch\"utz and Trimper in 2004, the walker remembers the whole past, and the next…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Allan Gut , Ulrich Stadtmüller
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