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Synthetic Aperture Radar is known to be able to provide high-resolution estimates of surface wind speed. These estimates usually rely on a Geophysical Model Function (GMF) that has difficulties accounting for non-wind processes such as rain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Aurélien Colin , Pierre Tandeo , Charles Peureux , Romain Husson , Ronan Fablet

Satellite image analysis has important implications for land use, urbanization, and ecosystem monitoring. Deep learning methods can facilitate the analysis of different satellite modalities, such as electro-optical (EO) and synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Marcel Hussing , Karen Li , Eric Eaton

Soil nutrients and water content are two crucial factors that significantly affect agricultural production yields. Hence, monitoring and measuring the water content and soil type are critical requirements. This study proposes a…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-21 Justin Jose , Nikhil Kumar

Soil moisture estimation is an important task to enable precision agriculture in creating optimal plans for irrigation, fertilization, and harvest. It is common to utilize statistical and machine learning models to estimate soil moisture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Mohammed Rakib , Adil Aman Mohammed , D. Cole Diggins , Sumit Sharma , Jeff Michael Sadler , Tyson Ochsner , Arun Bagavathi

This paper presents a highly sensitive differential soil moisture sensor (DSMS) using a microstrip line loaded with triangular two turn resonator(T2 SR) and complementary of the rectangular two turn spiral resonator(CR2…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-08-22 Rasool Keshavarz , Justin Lipman , Dominique Schreurs , Negin Shariati

In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have become widespread in all the fields of remote sensing (RS) and earth observation (EO). This has allowed the rapid development of new procedures to solve problems affecting these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Alessandro Sebastianelli , Maria Pia Del Rosso , Silvia Liberata Ullo , Paolo Gamba

Fully automatic large-scale land cover mapping belongs to the core challenges addressed by the remote sensing community. Usually, the basis of this task is formed by (supervised) machine learning models. However, in spite of recent growth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Michael Schmitt , Jonathan Prexl , Patrick Ebel , Lukas Liebel , Xiao Xiang Zhu

The large volumes of Sentinel-1 data produced over Europe are being used to develop pan-national ground motion services. However, simple analysis techniques like thresholding cannot detect and classify complex deformation signals reliably…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Nantheera Anantrasirichai , Juliet Biggs , Krisztina Kelevitz , Zahra Sadeghi , Tim Wright , James Thompson , Alin Achim , David Bull

We propose a novel inverse-modelling approach which estimates the parameters of a simple land-surface model (LSM) by assimilating data into a differentiable physics-based forward model. The governing equations are expressed within a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Ruiyue Huang , Claire E. Heaney , Maarten van Reeuwijk

In this study, radar signals were analyzed to classify grain surface types by using machine learning methods. Radar backscatter signals were recorded using a vector network analyzer between 18-40 GHz. A total of 5681 measurements of A scan…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-28 Hüseyin Duysak , Umut Özkaya , Enes Yiğit

In the rise of climate change, land cover mapping has become such an urgent need in environmental monitoring. The accuracy of land cover classification has gotten increasingly based on the improvement of remote sensing data. Land cover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Ilham Adi Panuntun , Ying-Nong Chen , Ilham Jamaluddin , Thi Linh Chi Tran

Soil moisture (SM) is a key state variable of the hydrological cycle, needed to monitor the effects of a changing climate on natural resources. Soil moisture is highly variable in space and time, presenting seasonalities, anomalies and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-10 Diego Bueso , Maria Piles , Gustau Camps-Valls

Regional rainfall-runoff modeling is an old but still mostly out-standing problem in Hydrological Sciences. The problem currently is that traditional hydrological models degrade significantly in performance when calibrated for multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Frederik Kratzert , Daniel Klotz , Guy Shalev , Günter Klambauer , Sepp Hochreiter , Grey Nearing

Accurate short range weather forecasting has significant implications for various sectors. Machine learning based approaches, e.g., deep learning, have gained popularity in this domain where the existing numerical weather prediction (NWP)…

Land surface temperature (LST) retrieval from remote sensing data is pivotal for analyzing climate processes and surface energy budgets. However, LST retrieval is an ill-posed inverse problem, which becomes particularly severe when only a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Tian Xie , Menghui Jiang , Huanfeng Shen , Huifang Li , Chao Zeng , Jun Ma , Guanhao Zhang , Liangpei Zhang

The rising integration of variable renewable energy sources (RES), like solar and wind power, introduces considerable uncertainty in grid operations and energy management. Effective forecasting models are essential for grid operators to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Jesus Silva-Rodriguez , Elias Raffoul , Xingpeng Li

Geophysical methods offer several key advantages over conventional subsurface measurement approaches, yet their use for hydrologic interpretation is often problematic. Here, we introduce theory and concepts of a novel Bayesian approach for…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-01-09 N. Linde , J. A. Vrugt

Missing data is a recurrent problem in remote sensing, mainly due to cloud coverage for multispectral images and acquisition problems. This can be a critical issue for crop monitoring, especially for applications relying on machine learning…

Snow is an essential input for various land surface models. Seasonal snow estimates are available as snow water equivalent (SWE) from process-based reanalysis products or locally from in situ measurements. While the reanalysis products are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Arun M. Saranathan , Mahmoud Saeedimoghaddam , Brandon Smith , Deepthi Raghunandan , Grey Nearing , Craig Pelissier

Accurate and high-resolution Earth system model (ESM) simulations are essential to assess the ecological and socio-economic impacts of anthropogenic climate change, but are computationally too expensive to be run at sufficiently high…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Philipp Hess , Michael Aich , Baoxiang Pan , Niklas Boers