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Related papers: Enriching the Korean Learner Corpus with Multi-ref…

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Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a prevailing paradigm for enhancing reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, relying solely on outcome supervision risks reward hacking, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yukun Chen , Jiaming Li , Longze Chen , Ze Gong , Jingpeng Li , Zhen Qin , Hengyu Chang , Ancheng Xu , Zhihao Yang , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Qiang Qu , Bo Zheng , Min Yang

Large language models (LLMs) use pretraining to predict the subsequent word; however, their expansion requires significant computing resources. Numerous big tech companies and research institutes have developed multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) to…

We introduce KoBALT (Korean Benchmark for Advanced Linguistic Tasks), a comprehensive linguistically-motivated benchmark comprising 700 multiple-choice questions spanning 24 phenomena across five linguistic domains: syntax, semantics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hyopil Shin , Sangah Lee , Dongjun Jang , Wooseok Song , Jaeyoon Kim , Chaeyoung Oh , Hyemi Jo , Youngchae Ahn , Sihyun Oh , Hyohyeong Chang , Sunkyoung Kim , Jinsik Lee

The Korean wave, which denotes the global popularity of South Korea's cultural economy, contributes to the increasing demand for the Korean language. However, as there does not exist any application for foreigners to learn Korean, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Minjong Cheon , Minseon Kim , Hanseon Joo

To solve the Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) problem , a mapping between a source sequence and a target one is needed, where the two differ only on few spans. For this reason, the attention has been shifted to the non-autoregressive or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Kamal Al-Sabahi , Kang Yang , Wangwang Liu , Guanyu Jiang , Xian Li , Ming Yang

The writing examples of English language learners may be different from those of native speakers. Given that there is a significant differences in second language (L2) learners' error types by their proficiency levels, this paper attempts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Min Zeng , Jiexin Kuang , Mengyang Qiu , Jayoung Song , Jungyeul Park

The primary objective of Chinese grammatical error correction (CGEC) is to detect and correct errors in Chinese sentences. Recent research shows that large language models (LLMs) have been applied to CGEC with significant results. For LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Baoxin Wang , Yumeng Luo , Yixuan Wang , Dayong Wu , Wanxiang Che , Shijin Wang

Automatic readability assessment is one of the most important applications of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in education. Since automatic readability assessment allows the fast selection of appropriate reading material for readers at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Bruce W. Lee , Jason Hyung-Jong Lee

We treat grammatical error correction (GEC) as a classification problem in this study, where for different types of errors, a target word is identified, and the classifier predicts the correct word form from a set of possible choices. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Zhu Kaili , Chuan Wang , Ruobing Li , Yang Liu , Tianlei Hu , Hui Lin

The task of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) has received remarkable attention with wide applications in Natural Language Processing (NLP) in recent years. While one of the key principles of GEC is to keep the correct parts unchanged and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Jiquan Li , Junliang Guo , Yongxin Zhu , Xin Sheng , Deqiang Jiang , Bo Ren , Linli Xu

Pretraining-based (PT-based) automatic evaluation metrics (e.g., BERTScore and BARTScore) have been widely used in several sentence generation tasks (e.g., machine translation and text summarization) due to their better correlation with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Peiyuan Gong , Xuebo Liu , Heyan Huang , Min Zhang

Retriever-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted approach for enhancing the factual accuracy of large language models (LLMs). While current benchmarks evaluate the performance of RAG methods from various perspectives, they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kepu Zhang , Zhongxiang Sun , Weijie Yu , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Han Li , Jun Xu

We expand the second language (L2) Korean Universal Dependencies (UD) treebank with 5,454 manually annotated sentences. The annotation guidelines are also revised to better align with the UD framework. Using this enhanced treebank, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Hakyung Sung , Gyu-Ho Shin

Evaluation of grammatical error correction (GEC) systems has primarily focused on essays written by non-native learners of English, which however is only part of the full spectrum of GEC applications. We aim to broaden the target domain of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Simon Flachs , Ophélie Lacroix , Helen Yannakoudakis , Marek Rei , Anders Søgaard

A Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) system produces a sequence of edits to correct an erroneous sentence. The quality of these edits is typically evaluated against human annotations. However, a sentence may admit multiple valid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Qiyuan Xiao , Xiaoman Wang , Yunshi Lan

Large language models have exhibited significant enhancements in performance across various tasks. However, the complexity of their evaluation increases as these models generate more fluent and coherent content. Current multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Xiaonan Wang , Jinyoung Yeo , Joon-Ho Lim , Hansaem Kim

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) is an important aspect of natural language processing. Arabic has a complicated morphological and syntactic structure, posing a greater challenge than other languages. Even though modern neural models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ahlam Alrehili , Areej Alhothali

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong general capabilities in many applications. However, how to make them reliable tools for some specific tasks such as automated short answer grading (ASAG) remains a challenge. We present SteLLA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Hefei Qiu , Brian White , Ashley Ding , Reinaldo Costa , Ali Hachem , Wei Ding , Ping Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in the legal domain, with GPT-4 even passing the Uniform Bar Exam in the U.S. However their efficacy remains limited for non-standardized tasks and tasks in languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yeeun Kim , Young Rok Choi , Eunkyung Choi , Jinhwan Choi , Hai Jin Park , Wonseok Hwang

Benchmarks play a significant role in the current evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet they often overlook the models' abilities to capture the nuances of human language, primarily focusing on evaluating embedded knowledge and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Dojun Park , Jiwoo Lee , Hyeyun Jeong , Seohyun Park , Sungeun Lee