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Understanding and conversing about dynamic scenes is one of the key capabilities of AI agents that navigate the environment and convey useful information to humans. Video question answering is a specific scenario of such AI-human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Guan-Lin Chao , Abhinav Rastogi , Semih Yavuz , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Jindong Chen , Ian Lane

Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) have made remarkable progress in video understanding tasks. However, they are constrained by the maximum length of input tokens, making it impractical to input entire videos. Existing frame selection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Sicheng Yu , Chengkai Jin , Huanyu Wang , Zhenghao Chen , Sheng Jin , Zhongrong Zuo , Xiaolei Xu , Zhenbang Sun , Bingni Zhang , Jiawei Wu , Hao Zhang , Qianru Sun

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown significant progress in open-world Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, integrating visual information increases the number of processed tokens, leading to higher…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shuai Li , Jian Xu , Xiao-Hui Li , Chao Deng , Lin-Lin Huang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and generation. However, the rapid growth of visual token sequences--especially in long-video and streaming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haicheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Yikun Liu , Zhemeng Yu , Zhongyin Zhao , Yangxiu You , Zilin Yu , Le Tian , Xiao Zhou , Jie Zhou , Weidi Xie , Yanfeng Wang

Efficiently modeling spatial-temporal information in videos is crucial for action recognition. To achieve this goal, state-of-the-art methods typically employ the convolution operator and the dense interaction modules such as non-local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Yuan Tian , Yichao Yan , Guangtao Zhai , Guodong Guo , Zhiyong Gao

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in visual-language reasoning, but their ability to efficiently handle long videos remains limited. Despite recent advances in long-context MLLMs, storing and attending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yanlai Yang , Zhuokai Zhao , Satya Narayan Shukla , Aashu Singh , Shlok Kumar Mishra , Lizhu Zhang , Mengye Ren

Document-level event extraction is a long-standing challenging information retrieval problem involving a sequence of sub-tasks: entity extraction, event type judgment, and event type-specific multi-event extraction. However, addressing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Qizhi Wan , Changxuan Wan , Keli Xiao , Hui Xiong , Dexi Liu , Xiping Liu

Adapting Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for hour-long videos is bottlenecked by context limits. Dense visual streams saturate token budgets and exacerbate the lost-in-the-middle phenomenon. Existing heuristics, like sparse…

We propose task-adaptive tokenization as a way to adapt the generation pipeline to the specifics of a downstream task and enhance long-form generation in mental health. Inspired by insights from cognitive science, our task-adaptive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Siyang Liu , Naihao Deng , Sahand Sabour , Yilin Jia , Minlie Huang , Rada Mihalcea

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate the ability to learn in-context, offering a potential solution for scientific information extraction, which often contends with challenges such as insufficient training data and the high cost of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chencheng Zhu , Kazutaka Shimada , Tomoki Taniguchi , Tomoko Ohkuma

We present \emph{Video-in-the-Loop} (ViTL), a two-stage long-video QA framework that preserves a fixed token budget by first \emph{localizing} question-relevant interval(s) with a low-fps skim and then \emph{answering} via span-aware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Chendong Wang , Donglin Bai , Yifan Yang , Xiao Jin , Anlan Zhang , Rui Wang , Shiqi Jiang , Yuqing Yang , Hao Wu , Qi Dai , Chong Luo , Ting Cao , Lili Qiu , Suman Banerjee

We address the problem of capturing temporal information for video classification in 2D networks, without increasing their computational cost. Existing approaches focus on modifying the architecture of 2D networks (e.g. by including filters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Kiyoon Kim , Shreyank N Gowda , Oisin Mac Aodha , Laura Sevilla-Lara

This paper proposes a video delivery strategy for dynamic streaming services which maximizes time-average streaming quality under a playback delay constraint in wireless caching networks. The network where popular videos encoded by scalable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Minseok Choi , Albert No , Mingyue Ji , Joongheon Kim

In the dynamic indexing problem, we must maintain a changing collection of text documents so that we can efficiently support insertions, deletions, and pattern matching queries. We are especially interested in developing efficient data…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-23 J. Ian Munro , Yakov Nekrich , Jeffrey Scott Vitter

Token Communication (TokenCom) is a new paradigm, motivated by the recent success of Large AI Models (LAMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), where tokens serve as unified units of communication and computation, enabling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jingxuan Men , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Ning Wang , Yi Ma , Mike Nilsson , Rahim Tafazolli

In this paper, we propose a novel design for AI-native goal-oriented communications, exploiting transformer neural networks under dynamic inference constraints on bandwidth and computation. Transformers have become the standard architecture…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Alessio Devoto , Simone Petruzzi , Jary Pomponi , Paolo Di Lorenzo , Simone Scardapane

Given real-time sensor data streams obtained from machines, how can we continuously predict when a machine failure will occur? This work aims to continuously forecast the timing of future events by analyzing multi-sensor data streams. A key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Kota Nakamura , Koki Kawabata , Yasuko Matsubara , Yasushi Sakurai

Despite recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), long-video understanding remains a challenging problem. Although state-of-the-art long-context VLMs can process around 1000 input frames, they still struggle to effectively leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Anurag Arnab , Ahmet Iscen , Mathilde Caron , Alireza Fathi , Cordelia Schmid

Caching search results is employed in information retrieval systems to expedite query processing and reduce back-end server workload. Motivated by the observation that queries belonging to different topics have different temporal-locality…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Ida Mele , Nicola Tonellotto , Ophir Frieder , Raffaele Perego

In this paper, we address the problem of high performance and computationally efficient content-based video retrieval in large-scale datasets. Current methods typically propose either: (i) fine-grained approaches employing spatio-temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Christos Tzelepis , Symeon Papadopoulos , Ioannis Kompatsiaris , Ioannis Patras