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Large-scale low-Earth-orbit (LEO) constellations demand routing that simultaneously minimizes energy, guarantees delivery under congestion, and meets latency requirements for time-critical flows. We present a segment routing over IPv6…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jintao Liang , Pablo G. Madoery , Chung-Horng Lung , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Improving the energy efficiency of Internet Service Provider (ISP) backbone networks is an important objective for ISP operators. In these networks, the overall traffic load throughout the day can vary drastically, resulting in many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Daniel Otten , Alexander Brundiers , Timmy Schüller , Nils Aschenbruck

Modern satellites deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) accommodate processing payloads that can be exploited for edge computing. Furthermore, by implementing inter-satellite links, the LEO satellites in a constellation can route the data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Marc Martinez-Gost , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Vázquez , Beatriz Soret , Marco Moretti

In this paper, we investigate the issue of satellite-terrestrial computing in the sixth generation (6G) wireless networks, where multiple terrestrial base stations (BSs) and low earth orbit (LEO) satellites collaboratively provide edge…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Qi Wang , Xiaoming Chen , Qiao Qi

Utilizing Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks equipped with Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) is envisioned to provide lower delay compared to traditional optical networks. However, LEO satellites have constrained energy resources as they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Kosta Dakic , Chiu Chun Chan , Bassel Al Homssi , Kandeepan Sithamparanathan , Akram Al-Hourani

In this paper, we propose a terrestrial-satellite network (TSN) architecture to integrate the ultra-dense low earth orbit (LEO) networks and the terrestrial networks to achieve efficient data offloading. In TSN, each ground user can access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Lingyang Song , Yonghui Li , Geoffrey Ye Li

The Internet is going through a massive infrastructural revolution with the advent of low-flying satellite networks, 5/6G, WiFi7, and hollow-core fiber deployments. While these networks could unleash enhanced connectivity and new…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Shubham Tiwari , Saksham Bhushan , Aryan Taneja , Mohamed Kassem , Cheng Luo , Cong Zhou , Zhiyuan He , Aravindh Raman , Nishanth Sastry , Lili Qiu , Debopam Bhattacherjee

With the rapid development of sixth-generation (6G) communication technology, global communication networks are moving towards the goal of comprehensive and seamless coverage. In particular, low earth orbit (LEO) satellites have become a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Wenjun Lan , Kongyang Chen , Jiannong Cao , Yikai Li , Ning Li , Qi Chen , Yuvraj Sahni

In recent years, the number of satellites in orbit has increased rapidly, with megaconstellations like Starlink providing near-global, delay-sensitive communication services. However, not all satellite communication use cases have stringent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ethan Fettes , Pablo G. Madoery , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Abhishek Naik , Stéphane Martel

Low earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations, integrating government space systems and commercial practices, have emerged as enabling technologies for the sixth generation (6G) networks due to their good merits of global coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Lin Shih-Chun , Lin Chia-Hung , Chu Liang C. , Lien Shao-Yu

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations combine great flexibility and global coverage with short propagation delays when compared to satellites deployed in higher orbits. However, the fast movement of the individual satellites makes…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Jonas W. Rabjerg , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Beatriz Soret , Petar Popovski

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, characterized by their high data throughput and low latency, have gained significant interest from both industry and academia. Routing data efficiently within these networks is essential for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yi Ching Chou , Long Chen , Hengzhi Wang , Feng Wang , Hao Fang , Haoyuan Zhao , Miao Zhang , Xiaoyi Fan , Jiangchuan Liu

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations have become a critical enabler for global coverage, utilizing numerous satellites orbiting Earth at high speeds. By decomposing complex network services into lightweight service functions,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Li Zeng , Zixin Wang , Yuanming Shi , Khaled B. Letaief

Software Defined Networking (SDN) can effectively improve the performance of traffic engineering and has promising application foreground in backbone networks. Therefore, new energy saving schemes must take SDN into account, which is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Yunkai Wei , Xiaoning Zhang , Lei Xie , Supeng Leng

This paper investigates the maximum achievable downlink spectral efficiency of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations. Spectral efficiency is defined here as the total network sum rate per unit bandwidth per unit area of Earth's…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Cuneyd Ozturk , Dongning Guo , Randall A. Berry , Michael L. Honig

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks with mega constellations have the potential to provide 5G and beyond services ubiquitously. However, these networks may introduce mutual interference to both satellite and terrestrial networks,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Daeun Kim , Jeonghun Park , Jinseok Choi , Namyoon Lee

Recent advancements in low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites aim to bring resilience, ubiquitous, and high-quality service to future Internet infrastructure. However, the soaring number of space assets, increasing dynamics of LEO satellites and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Peng Hu

Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are becoming integral to 6G infrastructure, but increasing in-orbit computation accelerates battery degradation and raises sustainability concerns. Meanwhile, renewable-heavy regions worldwide…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Xiaoyi Fan , Yi Ching Chou , Hao Fang , Long Chen , Haoyuan Zhao , Ershun Du , Chongqing Kang , Zhe Chen , Jiangchuan Liu

With the current trend towards low Earth orbit mega-constellations with inter-satellite links, efficient routing in such highly dynamic space-borne networks is becoming increasingly important. Due to the distinct network topology,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Manuel M. H. Roth , Hartmut Brandt , Hermann Bischl

In this paper, we propose a spatial-temporal learning-based distributed routing framework for dynamic Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, where graph attention networks (GAT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) are integrated within a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Po-Heng Chou , Chiapin Wang , Shou-Yu Chen , Hsiang-Ming Wang
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