Related papers: Potential for Tensor Polarized Deuterons in Hall D…

High-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries for transversely polarised deuterons

New results are presented on a high-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries of charged hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering of muons on a transversely polarised $^6$LiD target. The data were taken in 2022 with the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-01-02 G. D. Alexeev , M. G. Alexeev , C. Alice , A. Amoroso , V. Andrieux , V. Anosov , S. Asatryan , K. Augsten , W. Augustyniak , C. D. R. Azevedo , B. Badelek , J. Barth , R. Beck , J. Beckers , Y. Bedfer , J. Bernhard , M. Bodlak , F. Bradamante , A. Bressan , W. -C. Chang , C. Chatterjee , M. Chiosso , A. G. Chumakov , S. -U. Chung , A. Cicuttin , P. M. M. Correia , M. L. Crespo , D. D'Ago , S. Dalla Torre , S. S. Dasgupta , S. Dasgupta , F. Delcarro , I. Denisenko , O. Yu. Denisov , S. V. Donskov , N. Doshita , Ch. Dreisbach , W. Dunnweber , R. R. Dusaev , D. Ecker , D. Eremeev , P. Faccioli , M. Faessler , M. Finger , M. Finger , H. Fischer , K. J. Flothner , W. Florian , J. M. Friedrich , V. Frolov , L. G. Garcia Ordonez , F. Gautheron , O. P. Gavrichtchouk , S. Gerassimov , J. Giarra , D. Giordano , A. Grasso , A. Gridin , M. Grosse Perdekamp , B. Grube , M. Gruner , A. Guskov , P. Haas , D. von Harrach , M. Hoffmann , A. Hoghmrtsyan , N. d'Hose , C. -Y. Hsieh , S. Huber , S. Ishimoto , A. Ivanov , T. Iwata , V. Jary , R. Joosten , E. Kabuss , F. Kaspar , A. Kerbizi , B. Ketzer , A. Khatun , G. V. Khaustov , T. Klasek , F. Klein , J. H. Koivuniemi , V. N. Kolosov , K. Kondo Horikawa , I. Konorov , V. F. Konstantinov , A. Yu. Korzenev , A. M. Kotzinian , O. M. Kouznetsov , A. Koval , Z. Kral , F. Krinner , F. Kunne , K. Kurek , R. P. Kurjata , A. Kveton , K. Lavickova , S. Levorato , Y. -S. Lian , J. Lichtenstadt , P. -J. Lin , R. Longo , V. E. Lyubovitskij , A. Maggiora , A. Magnon , N. Makke , G. K. Mallot , A. Maltsev , A. Martin , J. Marzec , J. Matousek , T. Matsuda , G. Mattson , C. Menezes Pires , F. Metzger , M. Meyer , W. Meyer , Yu. V. Mikhailov , M. Mikhasenko , E. Mitrofanov , D. Miura , Y. Miyachi , R. Molina , A. Moretti , A. Movsisyan , A. Nagaytsev , D. Neyret , M. Niemiec , J. Novy , W. -D. Nowak , G. Nukazuka , A. G. Olshevsky , M. Ostrick , D. Panzieri , B. Parsamyan , S. Paul , H. Pekeler , J. -C. Peng , M. Pesek , D. V. Peshekhonov , M. Peskova , S. Platchkov , J. Pochodzalla , V. A. Polyakov , M. Quaresma , C. Quintans , G. Reicherz , C. Riedl , D. I. Ryabchikov , A. Rychter , A. Rymbekova , V. D. Samoylenko , A. Sandacz , S. Sarkar , I. A. Savin , G. Sbrizzai , H. Schmieden , A. Selyunin , K. Sharko , L. Sinha , D. Spulbeck , A. Srnka , M. Stolarski , M. Sulc , H. Suzuki , Y. Takanashi , S. Tessaro , F. Tessarotto , A. Thiel , F. Tosello , A. Townsend , T. Triloki , V. Tskhay , B. Valinoti , B. M. Veit , J. F. C. A. Veloso , B. Ventura , A. Vijayakumar , M. Virius , M. Wagner , S. Wallner , K. Zaremba , M. Zavertyaev , M. Zemko , E. Zemlyanichkina , M. Ziembicki

Upgraded photon calorimeter with integrating readout for Hall A Compton Polarimeter at Jefferson Lab

The photon arm of the Compton polarimeter in Hall A of Jefferson Lab has been upgraded to allow for electron beam polarization measurements with better than 1% accuracy. The data acquisition system (DAQ) now includes an integrating mode,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-05-30 M. Friend , D. Parno , F. Benmokhtar , A. Camsonne , M. Dalton , G. B. Franklin , V. Mamyan , R. Michaels , S. Nanda , V. Nelyubin , K. Paschke , B. Quinn , A. Rakhman , P. Souder , A. Tobias

The Physics Case for Polarized Protons at HERA

Several important and unique measurements, within the standard model and of possible physics beyond it, could be made with {\em polarized HERA} in which both the proton and the electron beams are polarized. With a $\sim$820 GeV proton beam…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Deshpande

Measurement of single- and double-polarization observables in the photoproduction of $\pi^+\pi^-$~meson pairs off the proton using CLAS at Jefferson Laboratory

The photoproduction of $\pi^+\pi^-$ meson pairs off the proton has been studied in the reaction $\gamma p\to p\,\pi^+\pi^-$ using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) and the frozen-spin target (FROST) in Hall B at the Thomas…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-05-01 P. Roy , S. Cao , V. Crede , E. Klempt , V. A. Nikonov , A. V. Sarantsev , V. D. Burkert , V. Mokeev , P. Achenbach , J. S. Alvarado , W. R. Armstrong , H. Atac , H. Avakian , N. A. Baltzell , L. Barion , M. Bashkanov , M. Battaglieri , F. Benmokhtar , A. Bianconi , A. S. Biselli , M. Bondi , F. Bossu , S. Boiarinov , K. -T. Brinkmann , W. J. Briscoe , W. K. Brooks , T. Cao , R. Capobianco , D. S. Carman , P. Chatagnon , G. Ciullo , P. L. Cole , M. Contalbrigo , A. D'Angelo , N. Dashyan , R. DeVita , M. Defurne , A. Deur , S. Diehl , C. Djalali , M. Dugger , R. Dupre , H. Egiyan , A. El Alaoui , L. El Fassi , P. Eugenio , S. Fegan , I. P. Fernando , A. Filippi , G. Gavalian , R. W. Gothe , L. Guo , K. Hafidi , H. Hakobyan , M. Hattawy , T. B. Hayward , D. Heddle , A. Hobart , M. Holtrop , Y. Ilieva , D. G. Ireland , E. L. Isupov , D. Jenkins , H. Jiang , H. S. Jo , K. Joo , S. Joosten , D. Keller , M. Khandaker , A. Kim , W. Kim , F. J. Klein , V. Klimenko , A. Kripko , V. Kubarovsky , L. Lanza , P. Lenisa , X. Li , K. Livingston , I. J. D. MacGregor , D. Marchand , D. Martiryan , V. Mascagna , D. Matamoros , M. E. McCracken , B. McKinnon , T. Mineeva , C. Munoz Camacho , P. Nadel-Turonski , K. Neupane , D. Nguyen , G. Niculescu , M. Osipenko , A. I. Ostrovidov , M. Ouillon , P. Pandey , M. Paolone , L. L. Pappalardo , R. Paremuzyan , E. Pasyuk , S. J. Paul , W. Phelps , N. Pilleux , S. Polcher Rafael , J. Price , Y. Prok , D. Protopopescu , J. Richards , M. Ripani , B. Ritchie , J. Ritman , G. Rosner , P. Rossi , A. A. Rusova , C. Salgado , S. Schadmand , A. Schmidt , R. A. Schumacher , Y. G. Sharabian , E. V. Shirokov , S. Shrestha , D. Sokhan , N. Sparveris , M. Spreafico , I. I. Strakovsky , S. Strauch , J. A. Tan , M. Tenorio , N. Trotta , R. Tyson , M. Ungaro , S. Vallarino , L. Venturelli , T. Vittorini , H. Voskanyan , E. Voutier , D. P. Watts , U. Weerasinghe , X. Wei , M. H. Wood , L. Xu , N. Zachariou , Z. W. Zhao , M. Zurek

Measurement of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integrand for proton and deuteron from 200 to 1400 MeV

New data for the total inclusive helicity-dependent cross section for the proton and deuteron were obtained in the photon energy interval 200-1400 MeV. The experiment was performed at the A2 tagged-photon facility of the Mainz Microtron…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2026-04-17 P. Pedroni , F. Afzal , S. Abt , P. Achenbach , J. R. M. Annand , H. J. Arends , S. D. Bass , M. Biroth , R. Beck , N. Borisov , A. Braghieri , W. J. Briscoe , F. Cividini , C. Collicott , A. S. Dolzhikov , E. Downie , S. Fegan , A. Fix , D. Ghosal , I. Gorodnov , W. Gradl , G. Gurevich , L. Heijkenskjöld , D. Hornidge , G. M. Huber , V. L. Kashevarov , S. J. D. Kay , M. Korolija , B. Krusche , A. Lazarev , K. Livingston , S. Lutterer , I. J. D. MacGregor , D. M. Manley , P. P. Martel , R. Miskimen , M. Mocanu , E. Mornacchi , C. Mullen , A. Neganov , A. Neiser , M. Oberle , M. Ostrick , P. B. Otte , D. Paudyal , A. Powell , T. Rostomyan , V. Sokhoyan , K. Spieker , O. Steffen , I. I. Strakovsky , T. Strub , M. Thiel , A. Thomas , Yu. A. Usov , S. Wagner , D. P. Watts , D. Werthmüller , J. Wettig , L. Witthauer , M. Wolfes , N. Zachariou

Determination of Deuteron Beam Polarizations at COSY

The vector and tensor polarizations of a deuteron beam have been measured using elastic deuteron-carbon scattering at 75.6 MeV and deuteron-proton scattering at 270 MeV. After acceleration to 1170 MeV inside the COSY ring, the polarizations…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-06-11 D. Chiladze , A. Kacharava , F. Rathmann , C. Wilkin , S. Barsov , J. Carbonell , S. Dymov , R. Engels , P. D. Eversheim , R. Gebel , V. Glagolev , K. Grigoriev , D. Gusev , M. Hartmann , F. Hinterberger , V. Hejny , A. Khoukaz , I. Keshelashvili , H. R. Koch , V. Komarov , P. Kulessa , A. Kulikov , A. Lehrach , B. Lorentz , G. Macharashvili , R. Maier , Y. Maeda , R. Menke , T. Mersmann , S. Merzliakov , M. Mikirtytchiants , S. Mikirtytchiants , A. Mussgiller , M. Nioradze , H. Ohm , D. Prasuhn , H. Rohdjess , R. Schleichert , H. Seyfarth , E. Steffens , H. J. Stein , H. Stroeher , S. Trusov , K. Ulbrich , Yu. Uzikov , A. Wronska , S. Yaschenko

Low-Energy Deuteron Polarimeter

We built a Low Energy Deuteron Polarimeter which measures the spin-polarization of deuteron beams in the energy range of 25 to 80 keV. This polarimeter works by measuring azimuthal asymmetries in the D(\vec d, n)^{3}He reaction and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-07-14 Michael Bellos

Feasibility Study for an EDM Storage Ring

This project exploits charged particles confined as a storage ring beam (proton, deuteron, possibly $^3$He) to search for an intrinsic electric dipole moment (EDM, $\vec d$) aligned along the particle spin axis. Statistical sensitivities…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-01-21 F. Abusaif , A. Aggarwal , A. Aksentev , B. Alberdi-Esuain , L. Barion , S. Basile , M. Berz , M. Beyß , C. Böhme , J. Böker , J. Borburgh , C. Carli , I. Ciepał , G. Ciullo , M. Contalbrigo , J. -M. De Conto , S. Dymov , R. Engels , O. Felden , M. Gagoshidze , M. Gaisser , R. Gebel , N. Giese , K. Grigoryev , D. Grzonka , T. Hanraths , C. Hanhart , D. Heberling , V. Hejny , J. Hetzel , D. Hölscher , O. Javakhishvili , A. Kacharava , S. Karanth , C. Käseberg , V. Kamerdzhiev , I. Keshelashvili , I. Koop , A. Kulikov , K. Laihem , M. Lamont , A. Lehrach , P. Lenisa , N. Lomidze , B. Lorentz , G. Macharashvili , A. Magiera , R. Maier , K. Makino , S. Martin , D. Mchedlishvili , U. -G. Meißner , Z. Metreveli , J. Michaud , F. Müller , A. Nass , G. Natour , N. Nikolaev , A. Nogga , A. Pesce , V. Poncza , D. Prasuhn , J. Pretz , F. Rathmann , J. Ritman , M. Rosenthal , A. Saleev , M. Schott , T. Sefzick , Y. Senichev , D. Shergelashvili , V. Shmakova , S. Siddique , A. Silenko , M. Simon , J. Slim , H. Soltner , A. Stahl , R. Stassen , E. Stephenson , H. Straatmann , H. Ströher , M. Tabidze , G. Tagliente , M. Tahar , R. Talman , Yu. Uzikov , Yu. Valdau , E. Valetov , T. Wagner , C. Weidemann , C. Wilkin , A. Wirzba , A. Wrońska , P. Wüstner

Polarized Proton Beams from Laser-induced Plasmas

We report on the concept of an innovative source to produce polarized proton/deuteron beams of a kinetic energy up to several GeV from a laser-driven plasma accelerator. Spin effects have been implemented into the PIC simulation code VLPL…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Anna Hützen , Johannes Thomas , Jürgen Böker , Ralf Engels , Ralf Gebel , Andreas Lehrach , Alexander Pukhov , T. Peter Rakitzis , Dimitris Sofikitis , Markus Büscher

Searches for Exotic Hadrons at GlueX

The search for hybrid mesons and the detailed study of their spectrum is the primary goal of the GlueX Experiment in Hall D at Jefferson Lab. The identification and study of hybrid mesons promises to provide unique insight into gluonic…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-08-26 Sean Dobbs

Measurement of the gluon polarization \Delta G/G at COMPASS

One of the key objectives of the COMPASS experiment at CERN is the determination of the gluon contribution to the nucleon spin. The gluon polarization is measured via photon-gluon fusion in deep-inelastic scattering of 160 GeV/c polarized…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-08-23 C. Schill

Beam-target double spin asymmetry in quasi-elastic electron scattering off the deuteron with CLAS

Quasi-elastic electron scattering on the deuteron is a benchmark reaction to test our understanding of deuteron structure and the properties and interactions of the two nucleons bound in the deuteron. The experimental data presented here…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-03-01 Michael Mayer , Sebastian E. Kuhn , the CLAS Collaboration

Rapid fluctuation of the tensor polarization of deuteron beams behind carbon foils and their relation to the resonances in the isospin-breaking $^{12}{\rm C}(d,\alpha_{2})^{10}{\rm B}^{*}$ reaction

Rapid fluctuations are observed in the tensor-polarization $p_{zz}$ of deuteron beams forward-transmitted through graphite targets. Unpolarized 9.50 to 18.60\,MeV beams from the K\"oln tandem accelerator were utilized, and the polarization…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-08-31 H. Seyfarth , A. Rouba , V. Baryshevsky , R. Engels , K. Grigoryev , F. Rathmann , H. Ströher

Deep Electroproduction of Photons and Mesons on the Deuteron

We study deeply virtual Compton scattering and deep exclusive meson electroproduction on a deuteron target. We model the Generalized Quark Distributions in the deuteron by using the impulse approximation for the lowest Fock-space state on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 F. Cano , B. Pire

Design and Performance of the Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment

The Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment (SANE) performed inclusive, double-polarized electron scattering measurements of the proton at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at Jefferson Lab. A novel detector array…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-12-22 J. D. Maxwell , W. R. Armstrong , S. Choi , M. K. Jones , H. Kang , A. Liyanage , Z. -E. Meziani , J. Mulholland , L. Ndukum , O. A. Rondon , A. Ahmidouch , I. Albayrak , A. Asaturyan , O. Ates , H. Baghdasaryan , W. Boeglin , P. Bosted , E. Brash , J. Brock , C. Butuceanu , M. Bychkov , C. Carlin , P. Carter , C. Chen , J. -P. Chen , M. E. Christy , S. Covrig , D. Crabb , S. Danagoulian , A. Daniel , A. M. Davidenko , B. Davis , D. Day , W. Deconinck , A. Deur , J. Dunne , D. Dutta , L. El Fassi , M. Elaasar , C. Ellis , R. Ent , D. Flay , E. Frlez , D. Gaskell , O. Geagla , J. German , R. Gilman , T. Gogami , J. Gomez , Y. M. Goncharenko , O. Hashimoto , D. W. Higinbotham , T. Horn , G. M. Huber , M. Jones , N. Kalantarians , H. K. Kang , D. Kawama , C. Keith , C. Keppel , M. Khandaker , Y. Kim , P. M. King , M. Kohl , K. Kovacs , V. Kubarovsky , Y. Li , N. Liyanage , W. Luo , V. Mamyan , P. Markowitz , T. Maruta , D. Meekins , Y. M. Melnik , A. Mkrtchyan , H. Mkrtchyan , V. V. Mochalov , P. Monaghan , A. Narayan , S. N. Nakamura , Nuruzzaman , L. Pentchev , D. Pocanic , M. Posik , A. Puckett , X. Qiu , J. Reinhold , S. Riordan , J. Roche , B. Sawatzky , M. Shabestari , K. Slifer , G. Smith , L. Soloviev , P. Solvignon , V. Tadevosyan , L. Tang , A. N. Vasiliev , M. Veilleux , T. Walton , F. Wesselmann , S. A. Wood , H. Yao , Z. Ye , L. Zhu

Measurement of the Vector and Tensor Polarisation of Proton and Deuteron Beams

Measurement of the d + d -> 4He + eta reaction using vector and tensor polarised beam has been performed at COSY using Big Karl magnetic spectrograph. The beam polarisation necessary for obtaining the vector and tensor analysing power for…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 The GEM Collaboration , M. Lesiak , M. Abdel-Bary , A. Budzanowski , A. Chatterjee , J. Ernst , R. Gebel , P. Hawranek , R. Jahn , V. Jha , K. Kilian , S. Kliczewski , Da. Kirillov , Di. Kirillov , D. Kolev , M. Kravcikova , T. Kutsarova , J. Lieb , H. Machner , A. Magiera , R. Maier , G. Martinska , S. Nedev , N. Piskunov , D. Prasuhn , D. Protic , P. von Rossen , B. J. Roy , I. Sitnik , R. Siudak , R. Tsenov , M. Ulicny , J. Urban , G. Vankova , C. Wilkin

"Optical" Spin Rotation Phenomenon and Spin Filtering of Antiproton (Proton, Deuteron) Beams in a Pseudomagnetic Field of a Polarized Target: the Possibility of Measuring the Real Part of the Coherent Zero-angle Scattering Amplitude

It is shown that in the experiments dedicated for producing of polarized beams of antiprotons during their passage through a polarized gas target placed in a storage ring it is possible to measure not only spin-dependent total…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-01-18 V. G. Baryshevsky

A Conceptual Design Study of a Compact Photon Source (CPS) for Jefferson Lab

This document describes the technical design concept of a compact high intensity, multi-GeV photon source. Capable of producing 10^12 equivalent photons per second this novel device will provide unprecedented access to physics processes…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-03-18 D. Day , P. Degtiarenko , S. Dobbs , R. Ent , D. J. Hamilton , T. Horn , D. Keller , C. Keppel , G. Niculescu , P. Reid , I. Strakovsky , B. Wojtsekhowski , J. Zhang

First Measurements of the Double-Polarization Observables $F$, $P$, and $H$ in $\omega$ Photoproduction off Transversely Polarized Protons in the $N^\ast$ Resonance Region

First measurements of double-polarization observables in $\omega$ photoproduction off the proton are presented using transverse target polarization and data from the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) FROST experiment at Jefferson…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-05-02 P. Roy , S. Park , V. Crede , A. V. Anisovich , E. Klempt , V. A. Nikonov , A. V. Sarantsev , N. C. Wei , F. Huang , K. Nakayama , K. P. Adhikari , S. Adhikari , G. Angelini , H. Avakian , L. Barion , M. Battaglieri , I. Bedlinskiy , A. S. Biselli , S. Boiarinov , W. J. Briscoe , J. Brock , W. K. Brooks , V. D. Burkert , F. Cao , C. Carlin , D. S. Carman , A. Celentano , P. Chatagnon , T. Chetry , G. Ciullo , P. L. Cole , M. Contalbrigo , O. Cortes , A. D'Angelo , N. Dashyan , R. De Vita , E. De Sanctis , A. Deur , S. Diehl , C. Djalali , M. Dugger , R. Dupre , B. Duran , H. Egiyan , M. Ehrhart , A. El Alaoui , L. El Fassi , P. Eugenio , S. Fegan , A. Filippi , A. Fradi , G. P. Gilfoyle , F. X. Girod , E. Golovatch , R. W. Gothe , K. A. Griffioen , M. Guidal , L. Guo , K. Hafidi , C. Hanretty , N. Harrison , M. Hattawy , T. B. Hayward , D. Heddle , K. Hicks , M. Holtrop , Y. Ilieva , D. G. Ireland , B. S. Ishkhanov , E. L. Isupov , D. Jenkins , H. S. Jo , S. Johnston , S. Joosten , M. L. Kabir , C. D. Keith , D. Keller , G. Khachatryan , M. Khachatryan , A. Khanal , M. Khandaker , A. Kim , W. Kim , F. J. Klein , V. Kubarovsky , S. V. Kuleshov , M. C. Kunkel , L. Lanza , P. Lenisa , K. Livingston , I. J. D. MacGregor , D. Marchand , B. McKinnon , D. G. Meekins , C. A. Meyer , T. Mineeva , V. Mokeev , R. A. Montgomery , A Movsisyan , C. Munoz Camacho , P. Nadel-Turonski , S. Niccolai , G. Niculescu , M. Osipenko , A. I. Ostrovidov , M. Paolone , L. L. Pappalardo , R. Paremuzyan , E. Pasyuk , D. Payette , W. Phelps , J. Pierce , O. Pogorelko , Y. Prok , D. Protopopescu , B. A. Raue , M. Ripani , D. Riser , B. G. Ritchie , A. Rizzo , G. Rosner , F. Sabatie , C. Salgado , R. A. Schumacher , M. L. Seely , Y. G. Sharabian , U. Shrestha , Iu. Skorodumina , D. Sokhan , O. Soto , N. Sparveris , I. I. Strakovsky , S. Strauch , M. Taiuti , J. A. Tan , B. Torayev , N. Tyler , M. Ungaro , H. Voskanyan , E. Voutier , N. K. Walford , R. Wang , D. P. Watts , X. Wei , M. H. Wood , N. Zachariou , J. Zhang , Z. W. Zhao

Spin observables in deuteron-proton radiative capture at intermediate energies

A radiative deuteron-proton capture experiment was carried out at KVI using polarized-deuteron beams at incident energies of 55, 66.5, and 90 MeV/nucleon. Vector and tensor-analyzing powers were obtained for a large angular range. The…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-08-16 A. A. Mehmandoost-Khajeh-Dad , H. R. Amir-Ahmadi , J. C. S. Bacelar , A. M. van~den~Berg , R. Castelijns , A. Deltuva , E. D. van~Garderen , W. Glöckle , J. Golak , N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki , H. Kamada , M. Kiš , R. Koohi-Fayegh-Dehkordi , H. Löhner , M. Mahjour-Shafiei , H. Mardanpur , J. G. Messchendorp , A. Nogga , P. Sauer , S. V. Shende , R. Skibinski , H. Witała , H. J. Wörtche