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Rapid advancements in genome sequencing have led to the collection of vast amounts of genomics data. Researchers may be interested in using machine learning models on such data to predict the pathogenicity or clinical significance of a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-15 Arshmeet Kaur , Morteza Sarmadi

Training and fine-tuning deep learning models, especially large language models (LLMs), on limited and imbalanced datasets poses substantial challenges. These issues often result in poor generalization, where models overfit to dominant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ashok Choudhary , Cornelius Thiels , Hojjat Salehinejad

This paper evaluates six strategies for mitigating imbalanced data: oversampling, undersampling, ensemble methods, specialized algorithms, class weight adjustments, and a no-mitigation approach referred to as the baseline. These strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jacques Wainer

Over 85 oversampling algorithms, mostly extensions of the SMOTE algorithm, have been built over the past two decades, to solve the problem of imbalanced datasets. However, it has been evident from previous studies that different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Saptarshi Bej , Kristian Schultz , Prashant Srivastava , Markus Wolfien , Olaf Wolkenhauer

In predictive tasks, real-world datasets often present different degrees of imbalanced (i.e., long-tailed or skewed) distributions. While the majority (the head) classes have sufficient samples, the minority (the tail) classes can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Chongsheng Zhang , Paolo Soda , Jingjun Bi , Gaojuan Fan , George Almpanidis , Salvador Garcia

Class imbalance is a frequently occurring scenario in classification tasks. Learning from imbalanced data poses a major challenge, which has instigated a lot of research in this area. Data preprocessing using sampling techniques is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Asif Newaz , Farhan Shahriyar Haq

There are many real-world classification problems wherein the issue of data imbalance (the case when a data set contains substantially more samples for one/many classes than the rest) is unavoidable. While under-sampling the problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-09 John McKay , Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga

Classification of imbalanced datasets is a challenging task for standard algorithms. Although many methods exist to address this problem in different ways, generating artificial data for the minority class is a more general approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Georgios Douzas , Fernando Bacao

Class imbalance is a common problem in supervised learning and impedes the predictive performance of classification models. Popular countermeasures include oversampling the minority class. Standard methods like SMOTE rely on finding nearest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Justin Engelmann , Stefan Lessmann

One of the limiting factors in training data-driven, rare-event prediction algorithms is the scarcity of the events of interest resulting in an extreme imbalance in the data. There have been many methods introduced in the literature for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Yang Chen , Dustin J. Kempton , Azim Ahmadzadeh , Rafal A. Angryk

Traditionally, in supervised machine learning, (a significant) part of the available data (usually 50% to 80%) is used for training and the rest for validation. In many problems, however, the data is highly imbalanced in regard to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xiaowei Gu , Plamen P Angelov , Eduardo Almeida Soares

Synthetically generated images can be used to create media content or to complement datasets for training image analysis models. Several methods have recently been proposed for the synthesis of high-fidelity face images; however, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Emmanouil Maragkoudakis , Symeon Papadopoulos , Iraklis Varlamis , Christos Diou

For classification, the problem of class imbalance is well known and has been extensively studied. In this paper, we argue that imbalance in regression is an equally important problem which has so far been overlooked: Due to under- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Daniel Kowatsch , Nicolas M. Müller , Kilian Tscharke , Philip Sperl , Konstantin Bötinger

One of the frontier issues that severely hamper the development of automatic snore sound classification (ASSC) associates to the lack of sufficient supervised training data. To cope with this problem, we propose a novel data augmentation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Zixing Zhang , Jing Han , Kun Qian , Christoph Janott , Yanan Guo , Bjoern Schuller

Generative models trained in an unsupervised manner may set high likelihood and low reconstruction loss to Out-of-Distribution (OoD) samples. This increases Type II errors and leads to missed anomalies, overall decreasing Anomaly Detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Nikolaos Dionelis , Mehrdad Yaghoobi , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Data rebalancing techniques, including oversampling and undersampling, are a common approach to addressing the challenges of imbalanced data. To tackle unresolved problems related to both oversampling and undersampling, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Karen Medlin , Sven Leyffer , Krishnan Raghavan

Machine learning classifiers often stumble over imbalanced datasets where classes are not equally represented. This inherent bias towards the majority class may result in low accuracy in labeling minority class. Imbalanced learning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Wenhao Zhang , Ramin Ramezani , Arash Naeim

Urban datasets such as citizen transportation modes often contain disproportionately distributed classes, posing significant challenges to the classification of under-represented samples using data-driven models. In the literature, various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Guang An Ooi , Shehab Ahmed

In many application domains such as medicine, information retrieval, cybersecurity, social media, etc., datasets used for inducing classification models often have an unequal distribution of the instances of each class. This situation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Mohamed S. Kraiem , Fernando Sánchez-Hernández , María N. Moreno-García

Class imbalance and distributional differences in large datasets present significant challenges for classification tasks machine learning, often leading to biased models and poor predictive performance for minority classes. This work…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-20 Alex Mak , Shubham Sahoo , Shivani Pandey , Yidan Yue , Linglong Kong