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Optimizing Conditional Value-at-risk (CVaR) using policy gradient (a.k.a CVaR-PG) faces significant challenges of sample inefficiency. This inefficiency stems from the fact that it focuses on tail-end performance and overlooks many sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yudong Luo , Erick Delage

Reinforcement learning algorithms utilizing policy gradients (PG) to optimize Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) face significant challenges with sample inefficiency, hindering their practical applications. This inefficiency stems from two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Yudong Luo , Yangchen Pan , Han Wang , Philip Torr , Pascal Poupart

In many sequential decision-making problems we may want to manage risk by minimizing some measure of variability in costs in addition to minimizing a standard criterion. Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is a relatively new risk measure that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Yinlam Chow , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) is a prominent risk measure that is being used extensively in various domains. We develop a new formula for the gradient of the CVaR in the form of a conditional expectation. Based on this formula, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-25 Aviv Tamar , Yonatan Glassner , Shie Mannor

Financial portfolios are often optimized for maximum profit while subject to a constraint formulated in terms of the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). This amounts to solving a linear problem. However, in its original formulation this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-13 Georg Hofmann

Motivated by the prominence of Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) as a measure for tail risk in settings affected by uncertainty, we develop a new formula for approximating CVaR based optimization objectives and their gradients from limited…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-25 Anand Deo , Karthyek Murthy

In high-stakes machine learning applications, it is crucial to not only perform well on average, but also when restricted to difficult examples. To address this, we consider the problem of training models in a risk-averse manner. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Sebastian Curi , Kfir. Y. Levy , Stefanie Jegelka , Andreas Krause

This paper investigates the use of retrospective approximation solution paradigm in solving risk-averse optimization problems effectively via importance sampling (IS). While IS serves as a prominent means for tackling the large sample…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-06-28 Anand Deo , Karthyek Murthy , Tirtho Sarker

Optimal portfolio allocation is often formulated as a constrained risk problem, where one aims to minimize a risk measure subject to some performance constraints. This paper presents new Bayesian Optimization algorithms for such constrained…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-25 Robert Millar , Jinglai Li

We propose a risk-averse statistical learning framework wherein the performance of a learning algorithm is evaluated by the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) of losses rather than the expected loss. We devise algorithms based on stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Tasuku Soma , Yuichi Yoshida

We study a first-order primal-dual subgradient method to optimize risk-constrained risk-penalized optimization problems, where risk is modeled via the popular conditional value at risk (CVaR) measure. The algorithm processes independent and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Avinash N. Madavan , Subhonmesh Bose

In this work, we address risk-averse Bayes-adaptive reinforcement learning. We pose the problem of optimising the conditional value at risk (CVaR) of the total return in Bayes-adaptive Markov decision processes (MDPs). We show that a policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Marc Rigter , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes

Policy gradient methods have demonstrated success in reinforcement learning tasks that have high-dimensional continuous state and action spaces. However, policy gradient methods are also notoriously sample inefficient. This can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Ching-An Cheng , Xinyan Yan , Byron Boots

We consider optimal allocation problems with Conditional Value-At-Risk (CVaR) constraint. We prove, under very mild assumptions, the convergence of the Sample Average Approximation method (SAA) applied to this problem, and we also exhibit a…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-05-19 Jérôme Lelong , Véronique Maume-Deschamps , William Thevenot

Built on our previous study on green simulation assisted policy gradient (GS-PG) focusing on trajectory-based reuse, in this paper, we consider infinite-horizon Markov Decision Processes and create a new importance sampling based policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Hua Zheng , Wei Xie

We study a risk-constrained version of the stochastic shortest path (SSP) problem, where the risk measure considered is Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). We propose two algorithms that obtain a locally risk-optimal policy by employing four…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-23 Prashanth L. A.

In order to model risk aversion in reinforcement learning, an emerging line of research adapts familiar algorithms to optimize coherent risk functionals, a class that includes conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). Because optimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Audrey Huang , Liu Leqi , Zachary C. Lipton , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli

We consider continuous-time stochastic optimal control problems featuring Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) in the objective. The major difficulty in these problems arises from time-inconsistency, which prevents us from directly using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-27 Christopher W. Miller , Insoon Yang

The problem of finding the optimal portfolio for investors is called the portfolio optimization problem. Such problem mainly concerns the expectation and variability of return (i.e., mean and variance). Although the variance would be the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-21 Kei Nakagawa , Shuhei Noma , Masaya Abe

In this paper a class of combinatorial optimization problems is discussed. It is assumed that a solution can be constructed in two stages. The current first-stage costs are precisely known, while the future second-stage costs are only known…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Marc Goerigk , Adam Kasperski , Pawel Zielinski
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