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To imitate the ability of keeping learning of human, continual learning which can learn from a never-ending data stream has attracted more interests recently. In all settings, the online class incremental learning (OCIL), where incoming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Guoqiang Liang , Zhaojie Chen , Zhaoqiang Chen , Shiyu Ji , Yanning Zhang

A wide variety of methods have been developed to enable lifelong learning in conventional deep neural networks. However, to succeed, these methods require a `batch' of samples to be available and visited multiple times during training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Soumya Banerjee , Vinay Kumar Verma , Toufiq Parag , Maneesh Singh , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) trains a model to continually recognize new classes from non-stationary data while retaining learned knowledge. A major challenge of CIL arises when applying to real-world data characterized by non-uniform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu

This paper proposes an Online Control-Informed Learning (OCIL) framework, which employs the well-established optimal control and state estimation techniques in the field of control to solve a broad class of learning tasks in an online…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Zihao Liang , Tianyu Zhou , Zehui Lu , Shaoshuai Mou

Plasticity and stability are needed in class-incremental learning in order to learn from new data while preserving past knowledge. Due to catastrophic forgetting, finding a compromise between these two properties is particularly challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Grégoire Petit , Adrian Popescu , Eden Belouadah , David Picard , Bertrand Delezoide

Recent work studies the supervised online continual learning setting where a learner receives a stream of data whose class distribution changes over time. Distinct from other continual learning settings the learner is presented new samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Nader Asadi , Sudhir Mudur , Eugene Belilovsky

Food image classification is essential for monitoring health and tracking dietary in image-based dietary assessment methods. However, conventional systems often rely on static datasets with fixed classes and uniform distribution. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Siddeshwar Raghavan , Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu

Online Class Incremental Learning (OCIL) aims to train models incrementally, where data arrive in mini-batches, and previous data are not accessible. A major challenge in OCIL is Catastrophic Forgetting, i.e., the loss of previously learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Huiping Zhuang , Yuchen Liu , Run He , Kai Tong , Ziqian Zeng , Cen Chen , Yi Wang , Lap-Pui Chau

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to develop a learning system that can continually learn new classes from a data stream without forgetting previously learned classes. When learning classes incrementally, the classifier must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Minqian Liu , Lifu Huang

In today's connected world, the generation of massive streaming data across diverse domains has become commonplace. In the presence of concept drift, class imbalance, label scarcity, and new class emergence, they jointly degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jin Li , Kleanthis Malialis , Marios Polycarpou

Class imbalance remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning, where standard classifiers exhibit severe performance degradation in minority classes. Although existing approaches address imbalance through resampling or cost-sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zahir Alsulaimawi

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to train a classification model while the number of classes increases phase-by-phase. An inherent challenge of CIL is the stability-plasticity tradeoff, i.e., CIL models should keep stable to retain old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yaoyao Liu , Yingying Li , Bernt Schiele , Qianru Sun

Deep convolutional neural networks have made significant breakthroughs in medical image classification, under the assumption that training samples from all classes are simultaneously available. However, in real-world medical scenarios,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xuze Hao , Wenqian Ni , Xuhao Jiang , Weimin Tan , Bo Yan

Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning has shown remarkable efficacy in efficient learning new concepts with limited annotations. Nevertheless, the heuristic few-shot annotations may not always cover the most informative samples, which largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zitong Huang , Ze Chen , Yuanze Li , Bowen Dong , Erjin Zhou , Yong Liu , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Chun-Mei Feng , Wangmeng Zuo

Class-incremental learning (CIL) poses significant challenges in open-world scenarios, where models must not only learn new classes over time without forgetting previous ones but also handle inputs from unknown classes that a closed-set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Srishti Gupta , Daniele Angioni , Maura Pintor , Ambra Demontis , Lea Schönherr , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

Class-incremental Learning (CIL) enables the model to incrementally absorb knowledge from new classes and build a generic classifier across all previously encountered classes. When the model optimizes with new classes, the knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Juncen Guo , Xiaoguang Zhu , Liangyu Teng , Hao Yang , Jing Liu , Yang Liu , Liang Song

Class incremental learning (CIL) aims to learn a model that can not only incrementally accommodate new classes, but also maintain the learned knowledge of old classes. Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in CIL is to retain this incremental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Wenjun Miao , Guansong Pang , Trong-Tung Nguyen , Ruohang Fang , Jin Zheng , Xiao Bai

Human intelligence gradually accepts new information and accumulates knowledge throughout the lifespan. However, deep learning models suffer from a catastrophic forgetting phenomenon, where they forget previous knowledge when acquiring new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Jisu Han , Jaemin Na , Wonjun Hwang

Rehearsal approaches in class incremental learning (CIL) suffer from decision boundary overfitting to new classes, which is mainly caused by two factors: insufficiency of old classes data for knowledge distillation and imbalanced data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Kunchi Li , Jun Wan , Shan Yu

Online continual learning (OCL) aims to enable model learning from a non-stationary data stream to continuously acquire new knowledge as well as retain the learnt one, under the constraints of having limited system size and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Sheng-Feng Yu , Wei-Chen Chiu
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