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This article summarises the current status of classical communication networks and identifies some critical open research challenges that can only be solved by leveraging quantum technologies. By now, the main goal of quantum communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Roberto Ferrara , Riccardo Bassoli , Christian Deppe , Frank H. P. Fitzek , Holger Boche

Coordination in distributed systems is often hampered by communication latency, which degrades performance. Quantum entanglement offers fundamentally stronger correlations than classically achievable without communication. Crucially, these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Francisco Ferreira da Silva , Stephanie Wehner

The distribution of entanglement in quantum networks is typically approached under idealized assumptions such as perfect synchronization and centralized control, while classical communication is often neglected. However, these assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Shahrooz Pouryousef , Hassan Shapourian , Don Towsley

Distributed computing, involving multiple servers collaborating on designated computations, faces a critical challenge in optimizing inter-server communication -- an issue central to the study of communication complexity. Quantum resources…

Quantum entanglement distribution between remote nodes is key to many promising quantum applications. Existing mechanisms have mainly focused on improving throughput and fidelity via entanglement routing or single-node scheduling. This…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Huayue Gu , Ruozhou Yu , Zhouyu Li , Xiaojian Wang , Fangtong Zhou

This work explores entanglement-assisted communication, where quantum entanglement resources enable the transmission of classical information at an enhanced rate. We consider a scenario where entanglement is distributed ahead of time based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Stephen DiAdamo , Janis Nötzel

Modular architectures are a promising approach to scaling quantum computers beyond the limits of monolithic designs. However, non-local communications between different quantum processors might significantly impact overall system…

In quantum networks, one way to communicate is to distribute entanglements through swapping at intermediate nodes. Most existing work primarily aims to create efficient two-party end-to-end entanglement over long distances. However, some…

Practical distributed quantum computing and error correction require quantum networks with high-qubit-rate, high-fidelity, and low-reconfiguration-latency. Unfortunately, current approaches are limited by fundamental constraints:…

Quantum networks connect systems at separate locations via quantum links, enabling a wide range of quantum information tasks between distant parties. Large-scale networks have the potential to enable global secure communication, distributed…

We present a multi-party quantum clock synchronization protocol that utilizes shared prior entanglement and broadcast of classical information to synchronize spatially separated clocks. Notably, it is necessary only for any one party to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marko Krco , Prabasaj Paul

In the same way that classical computer networks connect and enhance the capabilities of classical computers, quantum networks can combine the advantages of quantum information and communications. We propose a non-classical network element,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-21 Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin , Pedro Chamorro-Posada

Quantum information technology has the potential to revolutionize computing, communications, and security. To fully realize its potential, quantum processors with millions of qubits are needed, which is still far from being accomplished.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Nicholas Skjellum , Mohamed Shaban , Muhammad Ismail

This paper analyses a classical and a quantum annealing approach to compute the minimum deployment of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) hardware in a tier 1 provider network. The ensemble of QKD systems needs to be able to exchange as many…

This paper aims to address the challenge of designing secure and high performance Quantum Key Distribution Networks (QKDN), which are essential for encrypted communication in the era of quantum computing. Focusing on the control and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Peter Horoschenkoff , Jasper Rödiger , Martin Wilske

Entanglement, a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, has long been recognized as a valuable resource in enabling secure communications and surpassing classical limits. However, previous research has primarily concentrated on static…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Junjing Xing , Tianfeng Feng , Zhaobing Fan , Haitao Ma , Kishor Bharti , Dax Enshan Koh , Yunlong Xiao

Quantum computers face inherent scaling challenges, a fact that necessitates investigation of distributed quantum computing systems, whereby scaling is achieved through interconnection of smaller quantum processing units. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Felix Burt , Kuan-Cheng Chen , Kin K. Leung

Quantum communication demands efficient distribution of quantum entanglement across a network of connected partners. The search for efficient strategies for the entanglement distribution may be based on percolation theory, which describes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-23 Michael Siomau

Efficient entanglement distribution is the foundational challenge in realizing large-scale Quantum Networks. However, state-of-the-art solutions are frequently limited by restrictive operational assumptions, prohibitive computational…

This paper addresses resource allocation for entanglement distribution in multi-channel quantum networks. A system model is proposed that integrates a multi-channel quantum network architecture with heterogeneous link characteristics and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Gongyu Ni , Lester Ho
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