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Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous in NLP and deep learning. In-Context Learning (ICL) has been suggested as a bridging paradigm between the training-free and fine-tuning LLMs settings. In ICL, an LLM is conditioned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jérémie Cabessa , Hugo Hernault , Umer Mushtaq

The development of deep learning techniques has allowed Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models to become extremely powerful, given sufficient training data and training time. However, systems struggle when translating text from a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Danielle Saunders

AI tasks encompass a wide range of domains and fields. While numerous AI models have been designed for specific tasks and applications, they often require considerable human efforts in finding the right model architecture, optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Shujian Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Lemeng Wu , Xingchao Liu , Mingyuan Zhou

Machine learning models are commonly used for malware classification; however, they suffer from performance degradation over time due to concept drift. Adapting these models to changing data distributions requires frequent updates, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Md Tanvirul Alam , Aritran Piplai , Nidhi Rastogi

Expressing natural language descriptions of structured facts or relations -- data-to-text generation (D2T) -- increases the accessibility of structured knowledge repositories. Previous work shows that pre-trained language models(PLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Moniba Keymanesh , Adrian Benton , Mark Dredze

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to its efficiency, prompt learning has gradually become a more effective and efficient method for transferring VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Ding , Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Zhengdong Zhou , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are discovered to suffer from accurately retrieving key information. To address this, we propose Mask-Enhanced Autoregressive Prediction (MEAP), a simple yet effective training paradigm that seamlessly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xialie Zhuang , Zhikai Jia , Jianjin Li , Zhenyu Zhang , Li Shen , Zheng Cao , Shiwei Liu

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) demonstrate excellent abilities to understand texts in the generic domain while struggling in a specific domain. Although continued pre-training on a large domain-specific corpus is effective, it is costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Shizhe Diao , Tianyang Xu , Ruijia Xu , Jiawei Wang , Tong Zhang

Pre-trained language models (PTLMs) acquire domain-independent linguistic knowledge through pre-training with massive textual resources. Additional pre-training is effective in adapting PTLMs to domains that are not well covered by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Kosuke Nishida , Kyosuke Nishida , Sen Yoshida

Domain adaptive text classification is a challenging problem for the large-scale pretrained language models because they often require expensive additional labeled data to adapt to new domains. Existing works usually fails to leverage the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tian Li , Xiang Chen , Zhen Dong , Weijiang Yu , Yijun Yan , Kurt Keutzer , Shanghang Zhang

Pre-trained neural language models bring significant improvement for various NLP tasks, by fine-tuning the models on task-specific training sets. During fine-tuning, the parameters are initialized from pre-trained models directly, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Chengyu Wang , Minghui Qiu , Jun Huang , Xiaofeng He

Adversarial training enhances the robustness of Machine Learning (ML) models against adversarial attacks. However, obtaining labeled training and adversarial training data in network/cybersecurity domains is challenging and costly.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Mohamed elShehaby , Aditya Kotha , Ashraf Matrawy

Prompt tuning, or the conditioning of a frozen pretrained language model (PLM) with soft prompts learned from data, has demonstrated impressive performance on a wide range of NLP tasks. However, prompt tuning requires a large training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Xu Guo , Boyang Li , Han Yu

State-of-the-art pre-trained language models (PLMs) outperform other models when applied to the majority of language processing tasks. However, PLMs have been found to degrade in performance under distribution shift, a phenomenon that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Ayush Singh , John E. Ortega

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable open-domain capabilities. LLMs tailored for a domain are typically trained entirely on domain corpus to excel at handling domain-specific tasks. In this work, we explore an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yong Xie , Karan Aggarwal , Aitzaz Ahmad

Large pre-trained vision-language models, such as CLIP, have shown remarkable generalization capabilities across various tasks when appropriate text prompts are provided. However, adapting these models to specific domains, like remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Qinglong Cao , Zhengqin Xu , Yuntian Chen , Chao Ma , Xiaokang Yang

With the rapid development of online education system, knowledge tracing which aims at predicting students' knowledge state is becoming a critical and fundamental task in personalized education. Traditionally, existing methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Song Cheng , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

In-Context Learning (ICL) combined with pre-trained large language models has achieved promising results on various NLP tasks. However, ICL requires high-quality annotated demonstrations which might not be available in real-world scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Dawei Li , Yaxuan Li , Dheeraj Mekala , Shuyao Li , Yulin wang , Xueqi Wang , William Hogan , Jingbo Shang

Large Language Models (LLMs) pre-trained on massive corpora have exhibited remarkable performance on various NLP tasks. However, applying these models to specific domains still poses significant challenges, such as lack of domain knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Shirong Ma , Shen Huang , Shulin Huang , Xiaobin Wang , Yangning Li , Hai-Tao Zheng , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Yong Jiang