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Machine learning techniques using neural networks have achieved promising success for time-series data classification. However, the models that they produce are challenging to verify and interpret. In this paper, we propose an explainable…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Danyang Li , Mingyu Cai , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Roberto Tron

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a natural framework for sequential decision-making in dynamic environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. While CTRL has shown growing empirical success, its ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Runze Zhao , Yue Yu , Ruhan Wang , Chunfeng Huang , Dongruo Zhou

We propose a signal temporal logic (STL)-based framework that rigorously verifies the feasibility of a mission described in STL and synthesizes control to safely execute it. The proposed framework ensures safe and reliable operation through…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Joonwon Choi , Kartik Anand Pant , Youngim Nam , Henry Hellmann , Karthik Nune , Inseok Hwang

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) offers a concise yet expressive framework for specifying and reasoning about spatio-temporal behaviors of robotic systems. Attractively, STL admits the notion of robustness, the degree to which an input signal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Parv Kapoor , Kazuki Mizuta , Eunsuk Kang , Karen Leung

This study proposes a novel planning framework based on a model predictive control formulation that incorporates signal temporal logic (STL) specifications for task completion guarantees and robustness quantification. This marks the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Zhaoyuan Gu , Rongming Guo , William Yates , Yipu Chen , Ye Zhao

Constrained Reinforcement Learning (CRL) is a subset of machine learning that introduces constraints into the traditional reinforcement learning (RL) framework. Unlike conventional RL which aims solely to maximize cumulative rewards, CRL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoshan Lin , Sadık Bera Yüksel , Yasin Yazıcıoğlu , Derya Aksaray

Many safety-critical systems must achieve high-level task specifications with guaranteed safety and correctness. Much recent progress towards this goal has been made through controller synthesis from signal temporal logic (STL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Rafael Rodrigues da Silva , Hai Lin

Temporal data modelling techniques with neural networks are useful in many domain applications, including time-series forecasting and control engineering. This paper aims at developing a recurrent version of stochastic configuration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Dianhui Wang , Gang Dang

This paper proposes a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) controller for lane-keeping systems, effectively handling model uncertainties and disturbances. First, quadratic constraints cover the nonlinearities brought by the RNN controller, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Ying Shuai Quan , Jin Sung Kim , Chung Choo Chung

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have been used to enforce safety and task specifications expressed in Signal Temporal Logic (STL). However, existing CBF-STL approaches typically rely on fixed hyperparameters and per-step optimization,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-29 Wenliang Liu , Shuo Liu , Wei Xiao , Calin A. Belta

Controlling output length in neural language generation is valuable in many scenarios, especially for the tasks that have length constraints. A model with stronger length control capacity can produce sentences with more specific length,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Junyi Bian , Baojun Lin , Ke Zhang , Zhaohui Yan , Hong Tang , Yonghe Zhang

We train hierarchical Transformers on the task of synthesizing hardware circuits directly out of high-level logical specifications in linear-time temporal logic (LTL). The LTL synthesis problem is a well-known algorithmic challenge with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Frederik Schmitt , Christopher Hahn , Markus N. Rabe , Bernd Finkbeiner

This paper aims to discuss and analyze the potentialities of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) in control design applications. The main families of RNN are considered, namely Neural Nonlinear AutoRegressive eXogenous, (NNARX), Echo State…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-11 Fabio Bonassi , Marcello Farina , Jing Xie , Riccardo Scattolini

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has the potential to be used for synthesizing feedback controllers (agents) for various complex systems with unknown dynamics. These systems are expected to satisfy diverse safety and liveness properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Nikhil Kumar Singh , Indranil Saha

Signal temporal logic (STL) provides a user-friendly interface for defining complex tasks for robotic systems. Recent efforts aim at designing control laws or using reinforcement learning methods to find policies which guarantee…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Peter Varnai , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in mathematical reasoning tasks when guided by Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting. However, they tend to produce highly confident yet incorrect outputs, which poses significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhenjiang Mao , Artem Bisliouk , Rohith Reddy Nama , Ivan Ruchkin

Continuous-time control of multiple quadrotors in constrained environments under signal temporal logic (STL) specifications is critical due to their nonlinear dynamics, safety constraints, and the requirement to ensure continuous-time…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Yating Yuan , Yu Liu

The fundamental idea of this work is to synthesize reactive controllers such that closed-loop execution trajectories of the system satisfy desired specifications that ensure correct system behaviors, while optimizing a desired performance…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Sayan Saha , A. Agung Julius

Reinforcement learning (RL) has revolutionized decision-making across a wide range of domains over the past few decades. Yet, deploying RL policies in real-world scenarios presents the crucial challenge of ensuring safety. Traditional safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Lunet Yifru , Ali Baheri

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has attracted much attention as an approach to solve optimal control problems without mathematical models of systems. On the other hand, in general, constraints may be imposed on optimal control problems.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-22 Junya Ikemoto , Toshimitsu Ushio
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