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In this paper we study an error correcting protocol that specifically derives its error correcting properties from elementary units of coherence. The entire protocol from beginning to end is performed using non-coherence increasing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 Kok Chuan Tan , S. Omkar , Hyeonseok Jeong

We study how well topological quantum codes can tolerate coherent noise caused by systematic unitary errors such as unwanted $Z$-rotations. Our main result is an efficient algorithm for simulating quantum error correction protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Sergey Bravyi , Matthias Englbrecht , Robert Koenig , Nolan Peard

Quantum error correction is essential for reliable quantum computation, where surface codes demonstrate high fault-tolerant thresholds and hardware efficiency. However, noise in single-shot measurements limits logical readout fidelity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Wan-Su Bao

Geometric quantum computation offers a practical strategy toward robust quantum computation due to its inherently error tolerance. However, the rigorous geometric conditions lead to complex and/or error-disturbed quantum controls,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-28 Tao Chen , Zheng-Yuan Xue , Z. D. Wang

Quantum error correction is widely thought to be the key to fault-tolerant quantum computation. However, determining the most suited encoding for unknown error channels or specific laboratory setups is highly challenging. Here, we present a…

Despite rapid advances in quantum hardware, noise remains a central obstacle to deploying quantum algorithms on near-term devices. In particular, random coherent errors that accumulate during circuit execution constitute a dominant and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Suying Liu , Yulong Dong , Dong An , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

We investigate a novel class of quantum error correcting codes to correct errors on both qubits and higher-state quantum systems represented as qudits. These codes arise from an original graph-theoretic representation of sets of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-13 Robert Vandermolen , Duncan Wright

When incorporated in quantum sensing protocols, quantum error correction can be used to correct for high frequency noise, as the correction procedure does not depend on the actual shape of the noise spectrum. As such, it provides a powerful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-18 David A. Herrera-Martí , Tuvia Gefen , Dorit Aharonov , Nadav Katz , Alex Retzker

Quantum error correction codes are usually designed to correct errors regardless of their physical origins. In large-scale devices, this is an essential feature. In smaller-scale devices, however, the main error sources are often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-05 David Layden , Louisa Ruixue Huang , Paola Cappellaro

Probabilistic error cancellation is a quantum error mitigation technique capable of producing unbiased computation results but requires an accurate error model. Constructing this model involves estimating a set of parameters, which, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Haipeng Xie , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Kento Tsubouchi , Ying Li

In measurement-based quantum computing an algorithm is performed by measurements on highly-entangled resource states. To date, several implementations were demonstrated, all of them assuming perfect noise-free environments. Here we consider…

Quantum error correction is the art of protecting fragile quantum information through suitable encoding and active interventions. After encoding $k$ logical qubits into $n>k$ physical qubits using a stabilizer code, this amounts to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Eric J. Kuehnke , Kyano Levi , Joschka Roffe , Jens Eisert , Daniel Miller

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Large-scale quantum computers rely on quantum error correction to protect the fragile quantum information. Among the possible candidates of quantum computing devices, silicon-based spin qubits hold a great promise due to their compatibility…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Kenta Takeda , Akito Noiri , Takashi Nakajima , Takashi Kobayashi , Seigo Tarucha

Most quantum error correcting codes are predicated on the assumption that there exists a reservoir of qubits in the state $\ket{0}$, which can be used as ancilla qubits to prepare multi-qubit logical states. In this report, we examine the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Ben Criger , Osama Moussa , Raymond Laflamme

Quantum error correcting codes protect quantum computation from errors caused by decoherence and other noise. Here we study the problem of designing logical operations for quantum error correcting codes. We present an automated procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Hongxiang Chen , Michael Vasmer , Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Edward Grant

In this paper, we place bounds on when it is impossible to purify a noisy two-qubit state if all the gates used in the purification protocol are subject to adversarial local, independent, noise. It is found that the gate operations must be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-20 Alastair Kay

Quantum error correction is required to compensate for the fragility of the state of a quantum computer. We report the first experimental implementations of quantum error correction and confirm the expected state stabilization. In NMR…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. G. Cory , W. Mass , M. Price , E. Knill , R. Laflamme , W. H. Zurek , T. F. Havel , S. S. Somaroo

Quantum error correction methods use processing power to combat noise. The noise level which can be tolerated in a fault-tolerant method is therefore a function of the computational resources available, especially the size of computer and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Andrew Steane

In this paper we demonstrate how data encoded in a five-qubit quantum error correction code can be converted, fault-tolerantly, into a seven-qubit Steane code. This is achieved by progressing through a series of codes, each of which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-13 Charles D. Hill , Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg