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Activation functions play a decisive role in determining the capacity of Deep Neural Networks as they enable neural networks to capture inherent nonlinearities present in data fed to them. The prior research on activation functions…
The Rectified Linear Unit is currently a state-of-the-art activation function in deep convolutional neural networks. To combat ReLU's dying neuron problem, we propose the Parametric Variational Linear Unit (PVLU), which adds a sinusoidal…
A ReLU neural network leads to a finite polyhedral decomposition of input space and a corresponding finite dual graph. We show that while this dual graph is a coarse quantization of input space, it is sufficiently robust that it can be…
This paper investigates the ability of finite samples to identify two-layer irreducible shallow networks with various nonlinear activation functions, including rectified linear units (ReLU) and analytic functions such as the logistic…
Neural networks activated by the rectified linear unit (ReLU) play a central role in the recent development of deep learning. The topic of approximating functions from H\"older spaces by these networks is crucial for understanding the…
Most deep neural networks use simple, fixed activation functions, such as sigmoids or rectified linear units, regardless of domain or network structure. We introduce differential equation units (DEUs), an improvement to modern neural…
This paper analyses both nonlinear activation functions and spatial max-pooling for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) by means of the algebraic basis of mathematical morphology. Additionally, a general family of activation…
The growing adoption of machine learning in sensitive areas such as healthcare and defense introduces significant privacy and security challenges. These domains demand robust data protection, as models depend on large volumes of sensitive…
Real world recommendation systems influence a constantly growing set of domains. With deep networks, that now drive such systems, recommendations have been more relevant to the user's interests and tasks. However, they may not always be…
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have garnered significant attention in various fields of science and technology in recent years. Activation functions define how neurons in DNNs process incoming signals for them. They are essential for learning…
We study the approximation of two-layer compositions $f(x) = g(\phi(x))$ via deep networks with ReLU activation, where $\phi$ is a geometrically intuitive, dimensionality reducing feature map. We focus on two intuitive and practically…
We give the first dimension-efficient algorithms for learning Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs), which are functions of the form $\mathbf{x} \mapsto \max(0, \mathbf{w} \cdot \mathbf{x})$ with $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Our algorithm…
Activation functions have come up as one of the essential components of neural networks. The choice of adequate activation function can impact the accuracy of these methods. In this study, we experiment for finding an optimal activation…
Activation functions are fundamental to deep neural networks, governing gradient flow, optimization stability, and representational capacity. Within historic deep architectures, while ReLU has been the dominant choice for the activation…
Activation functions (AFs) are crucial components of deep neural networks (DNNs), having a significant impact on their performance. An activation function in a DNN is typically a smooth, nonlinear function that transforms an input signal…
We introduce the "inverse square root linear unit" (ISRLU) to speed up learning in deep neural networks. ISRLU has better performance than ELU but has many of the same benefits. ISRLU and ELU have similar curves and characteristics. Both…
Previous works proved that the combination of the linear neuron network with nonlinear activation functions (e.g. ReLu) can achieve nonlinear function approximation. However, simply widening or deepening the network structure will introduce…
Consider the multivariate nonparametric regression model. It is shown that estimators based on sparsely connected deep neural networks with ReLU activation function and properly chosen network architecture achieve the minimax rates of…
Photonic neural networks have demonstrated their potential over the past decades, but have not yet reached the full extent of their capabilities. One reason for this lies in an essential component - the nonlinear activation function, which…
Neural networks have shown tremendous growth in recent years to solve numerous problems. Various types of neural networks have been introduced to deal with different types of problems. However, the main goal of any neural network is to…