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Related papers: A Cautionary Note on Quantum Oracles

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We study the power of classical and quantum algorithms equipped with nonuniform advice, in the form of a coin whose bias encodes useful information. This question takes on particular importance in the quantum case, due to a surprising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-28 Scott Aaronson , Andrew Drucker

In the universal blind quantum computation problem, a client wants to make use of a single quantum server to evaluate $C|0\rangle$ where $C$ is an arbitrary quantum circuit while keeping $C$ secret. The client's goal is to use as few…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Jiayu Zhang

We initiate the study of quantum Interactive Oracle Proofs (qIOPs), a generalization of both quantum Probabilistically Checkable Proofs and quantum Interactive Proofs, as well as a quantum analogue of classical Interactive Oracle Proofs. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Baocheng Sun , Thomas Vidick

Quantum algorithms have demonstrated promising speed-ups over classical algorithms in the context of computational learning theory - despite the presence of noise. In this work, we give an overview of recent quantum speed-ups, revisit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-19 Alexander Poremba

The nonrecursive Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm was the first quantum algorithm to show a superpolynomial improvement over the corresponding best classical algorithm. Here we define a class of circuits that solve a particular case of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-03 Pablo Fernández , Miguel A. Martin-Delgado

We study quantum algorithms working on classical probability distributions. We formulate four different models for accessing a classical probability distribution on a quantum computer, which are derived from previous work on the topic, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-05 Aleksandrs Belovs

In this paper we consider a quantum computational variant of nondeterminism based on the notion of a quantum proof, which is a quantum state that plays a role similar to a certificate in an NP-type proof. Specifically, we consider quantum…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 John Watrous

The class MA consists of languages that can be efficiently verified by classical probabilistic verifiers using a single classical certificate, and the class QMA consists of languages that can be efficiently verified by quantum verifiers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hirotada Kobayashi , Keiji Matsumoto , Tomoyuki Yamakami

This presentation focuses on differences between quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Both are discussed related to classical computer systems in terms of vulnerability. Research concerning quantum cryptography is analyzed in terms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Dennis Hollenbeck , Ian Malloy

Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics to achieve computational advantages over classical hardware, but the use of third-party quantum compilers in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era introduces risks of intellectual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Amal Raj , Vivek Balachandran

This paper provides an alternate characterization of type-two polynomial-time computability, with the goal of making second-order complexity theory more approachable. We rely on the usual oracle machines to model programs with subroutine…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Bruce M. Kapron , Florian Steinberg

This paper furthers existing evidence that quantum computers are capable of computations beyond classical computers. Specifically, we strengthen the collapse of the polynomial hierarchy to the second level if: (i) Quantum computers with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Simon C. Marshall , Scott Aaronson , Vedran Dunjko

The quantum pigeonhole effect (QPE) appears to contradict the classical pigeonhole principle by allowing three quantum particles distributed between two boxes to exhibit no pairwise coincidence. We show that this effect does not signal a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yanlong Sun , Haiqing Wei , Jack W. Smith , Hongbin Wang

We present an oracle problem, which we call the Repeated Randomness problem, that a quantum algorithm can solve in one query, while any classical algorithm requires $\Omega(\log n)$ queries, where the oracle function has $2^n$ inputs. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Shelby Kimmel

In his seminal work on recording quantum queries [Crypto 2019], Zhandry studied interactions between quantum query algorithms and the quantum oracle corresponding to random functions. Zhandry presented a framework for interpreting various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-21 Ansis Rosmanis

Yes, we show that they are. We initiate the study of languages that necessarily need uncloneable quantum proofs and advice. We define strictly uncloneable versions of the classes QMA, BQP/qpoly and FEQP/qpoly (which is the class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Rohit Chatterjee , Srijita Kundu , Supartha Podder

Committing to information is a central task in cryptography, where a party (typically called a prover) stores a piece of information (e.g., a bit string) with the promise of not changing it. This information can be accessed by another party…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Lijie Chen , Ramis Movassagh

This paper considers the following problem. Two mixed-state quantum circuits Q and R are given, and the goal is to determine which of two possibilities holds: (i) Q and R act nearly identically on all possible quantum state inputs, or (ii)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Bill Rosgen , John Watrous

A fundamental pursuit in complexity theory concerns reducing worst-case problems to average-case problems. There exist complexity classes such as PSPACE that admit worst-case to average-case reductions. However, for many other classes such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Nai-Hui Chia , Sean Hallgren , Fang Song

We describe a general framework for regarding oracle-assisted quantum algorithms as tools for discriminating between unitary transformations. We apply this to the Deutsch-Jozsa problem and derive all possible quantum algorithms which solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-10 David Collins