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Accurate structural relaxation is critical for advanced materials design. Traditional approaches built on physics-derived first-principles calculations are computationally expensive, motivating the creation of machine-learning interatomic…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable more efficient molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ab initio accuracy, which have been used in various domains of physical science. However, distribution shift between training and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Taoyong Cui , Chenyu Tang , Dongzhan Zhou , Yuqiang Li , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang , Mao Su , Shufei Zhang

The rapid development and large body of literature on machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) can make it difficult to know how to proceed for researchers who are not experts but wish to use these tools. The spirit of this review is…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have massively changed the field of atomistic modeling. They enable the accuracy of density functional theory in large-scale simulations while being nearly as fast as classical interatomic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-03 Niklas Leimeroth , Linus C. Erhard , Karsten Albe , Jochen Rohrer

Machine learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are becoming a standard method for DFT-level accurate molecular dynamics simulation and large-scale studies of crystal energetics. Increasingly popular are universal pre-trained potentials,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-03 Abhijith S Parackal , Rickard Armiento , Florian Trybel

Recent developments in machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have empowered even non-experts in machine learning to train MLIPs for accelerating materials simulations. However, the current literature lacks clear standards for…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-01-05 Tristan Maxson , Ademola Soyemi , Benjamin W. J. Chen , Tibor Szilvási

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enables molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ab initio accuracy and has been applied to various fields of physical science. However, the performance and transferability of MLIPs are…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-16 Taoyong Cui , Chenyu Tang , Mao Su , Shufei Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Lei Bai , Yuhan Dong , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang

Machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable large-scale atomistic simulations at moderate computational cost while retaining ab initio accuracy. MLIPs trained on coupled-cluster data, particularly CCSD(T), have emerged as a…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-11 Yuji Ikeda , Axel Forslund , Pranav Kumar , Yongliang Ou , Jong Hyun Jung , Andreas Köhn , Blazej Grabowski

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have become a workhorse of modern atomistic simulations, and recently published universal MLIPs, pre-trained on large datasets, have demonstrated remarkable accuracy and generalizability.…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-04 Juno Nam , Jiayu Peng , Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable large-scale atomistic simulations but remain challenged in describing mixed-valence materials where charge ordering strongly influences thermodynamic stability. Here we investigate the…

One of the ultimate goals of computational modeling in condensed matter is to be able to accurately compute materials properties with minimal empirical information. First-principles approaches such as the density functional theory (DFT)…

Data-driven, machine learning (ML) models of atomistic interactions are often based on flexible and non-physical functions that can relate nuanced aspects of atomic arrangements into predictions of energies and forces. As a result, these…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-15 Bartosz Barzdajn , Christopher P. Race

Molecular dynamics (MD) employing machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) serve as an efficient, urgently needed complement to ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD). By training these potentials on data generated from ab initio…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-19 Kisung Kang , Thomas A. R. Purcell , Christian Carbogno , Matthias Scheffler

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable the accurate simulation of materials at larger sizes and time scales, and play increasingly important roles in the computational understanding and design of materials. However, MLIPs…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-27 Ji Qi , Tsz Wai Ko , Brandon C. Wood , Tuan Anh Pham , Shyue Ping Ong

Interatomic potentials (IPs) are reduced-order models for calculating the potential energy of a system of atoms given their positions in space and species. IPs treat atoms as classical particles without explicitly modeling electrons and…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-07 Mingjian Wen , Yaser Afshar , Ryan S. Elliott , Ellad B. Tadmor

The rapid development of pretrained Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) that cover a wide range of molecular species has made it challenging to select the best model for a given application. We benchmark 15 pretrained MLIPs,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Peter Eastman , Evan Pretti , Thomas E. Markland

The past few years have seen the development of ``universal'' machine-learning interatomic potentials (uMLIPs) capable of approximating the ground-state potential energy surface across a wide range of chemical structures and compositions…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Sofiia Chorna , Davide Tisi , Cesare Malosso , Wei Bin How , Michele Ceriotti , Sanggyu Chong

We assess the accuracy of six universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for predicting the temperature and pressure response of materials by molecular dynamics simulations. Accuracy is evaluated across 13 diverse materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-01 Konstantin Stracke , Connor W. Edwards , Jack D. Evans

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are inherently limited by the accuracy of the training data, usually consisting of energies and forces obtained from quantum mechanical calculations, such as density functional theory (DFT).…

First-principles atomistic simulations are essential for understanding complex material phenomena but are fundamentally limited by their computational cost. While Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) have drastically improved…