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The recent success in using human preferences to align large language models (LLMs) has significantly improved their performance in various downstream tasks, such as question answering, mathematical reasoning, and code generation. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xiaoqiang Lin , Arun Verma , Zhongxiang Dai , Daniela Rus , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

As agents based on large language models are increasingly deployed to long-horizon tasks, maintaining their alignment with stakeholder preferences becomes critical. Effective alignment in such settings requires reward models that are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Charlie Masters , Marta Grześkiewicz , Stefano V. Albrecht

We show how to automatically construct a system that satisfies a given logical specification and has an optimal average behavior with respect to a specification with ratio costs. When synthesizing a system from a logical specification, it…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-02-22 Christian von Essen , Barbara Jobstmann

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising approach for aligning policies with human intent but is often constrained by the high cost of human feedback. In this work, we introduce PrefVLM, a framework that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Udita Ghosh , Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Jiachen Li , Konstantinos Karydis , Amit Roy-Chowdhury

We present a novel bilateral negotiation model that allows a self-interested agent to learn how to negotiate over multiple issues in the presence of user preference uncertainty. The model relies upon interpretable strategy templates…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Pallavi Bagga , Nicola Paoletti , Kostas Stathis

Matching job descriptions (JDs) with suitable talent requires models capable of understanding not only textual similarities between JDs and candidate resumes but also contextual factors such as geographical location and academic seniority.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Yafei Zhang , Murray Wang , Yu Wang , Xiaohui Wang

Reinforcement Learning frameworks, particularly those utilizing human annotations, have become an increasingly popular method for preference fine-tuning, where the outputs of a language model are tuned to match a certain set of behavioral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Archie Chaudhury

Synthetic data is becoming increasingly important for accelerating the development of language models, both large and small. Despite several successful use cases, researchers also raised concerns around model collapse and drawbacks of…

Reward modeling is crucial for aligning large language models with human preferences, yet current approaches lack a principled mathematical framework for leveraging ordinal preference data. When human annotators provide graded preferences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Amirhossein Afsharrad , Ruida Zhou , Luca Viano , Sanjay Lall , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Self-learning paradigms in large-scale conversational AI agents tend to leverage user feedback in bridging between what they say and what they mean. However, such learning, particularly in Markov-based query rewriting systems have far from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Pragaash Ponnusamy , Clint Solomon Mathialagan , Gustavo Aguilar , Chengyuan Ma , Chenlei Guo

Recent advancements in generative AI have significantly increased interest in personalized agents. With increased personalization, there is also a greater need for being able to trust decision-making and action taking capabilities of these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Chirag Shah , Hideo Joho , Kirandeep Kaur , Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu

Recent advances in audio-driven portrait animation have demonstrated impressive capabilities. However, existing methods struggle to align with fine-grained human preferences across multiple dimensions, such as motion naturalness, lip-sync…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 MengChao Wang , Qiang Wang , Fan Jiang , Mu Xu

Mixup is an effective data augmentation method that generates new augmented samples by aggregating linear combinations of different original samples. However, if there are noises or aberrant features in the original samples, Mixup may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Leixin Yang , Yu Xiang

Model merging, which combines multiple models into a single model, has gained popularity in recent years. By efficiently integrating the capabilities of various models, this significantly reduces the parameter count and memory usage.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

The learning of predictive models for data-driven decision support has been a prevalent topic in many fields. However, construction of models that would capture interactions among input variables is a challenging task. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Jiapeng Liu , Milosz Kadzinski , Xiuwu Liao , Xiaoxin Mao

Alignment algorithms are widely used to align large language models (LLMs) to human users based on preference annotations. Typically these (often divergent) preferences are aggregated over a diverse set of users, resulting in fine-tuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Cristina Garbacea , Chenhao Tan

High-quality data is essential for conversational recommendation systems and serves as the cornerstone of the network architecture development and training strategy design. Existing works contribute heavy human efforts to manually labeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Yu Lu , Junwei Bao , Zichen Ma , Xiaoguang Han , Youzheng Wu , Shuguang Cui , Xiaodong He

Reward design in reinforcement learning and optimal control is challenging. Preference-based alignment addresses this by enabling agents to learn rewards from ranked trajectory pairs provided by humans. However, existing methods often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhixian Xie , Haode Zhang , Yizhe Feng , Wanxin Jin

An important challenge in non-cooperative game theory is coordinating on a single (approximate) equilibrium from many possibilities - a challenge that becomes even more complex when players hold private information. Recommender mechanisms…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Bengisu Guresti , Chongjie Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

LLM-based agents can complete tasks correctly yet still frustrate users through poor interaction patterns, such as excessive confirmations, opaque reasoning, or misaligned pacing. Current benchmarks evaluate task accuracy but overlook how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jialin Li , Zhenhao Chen , Hanjun Luo , Hanan Salam
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