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Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have gained popularity for their strong open vocabulary classification performance, but they are prone to assigning high confidence scores to misclassifications, limiting their reliability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhenxiang Lin , Maryam Haghighat , Will Browne , Dimity Miller

The ever-growing popularity of large language models (LLMs) has resulted in their increasing adoption for hardware design and verification. Prior research has attempted to assess the capability of LLMs to automate digital hardware design by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Sneha Swaroopa , Rijoy Mukherjee , Anushka Debnath , Rajat Subhra Chakraborty

Portability of hardware designs between Programmable Logic Devices (PLD) can be accomplished through the use of device-agnostic hardware description languages (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. Hardware designers can use HDLs to migrate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Nicholas V. Giamblanco , Andrew Schmidt

Large language models have achieved striking results in interactive theorem proving, particularly in Lean. However, most benchmarks for LLM-based proof automation are drawn from mathematics in the Mathlib ecosystem, whereas proofs in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yutong Xin , Qiaochu Chen , Greg Durrett , Işil Dillig

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated in software development, but ensuring correctness in LLM-generated code remains challenging and often requires costly manual review. Verifiable code generation -- jointly generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zhe Ye , Zhengxu Yan , Jingxuan He , Timothe Kasriel , Kaiyu Yang , Dawn Song

Unit testing plays a pivotal role in software development, improving software quality and reliability. However, generating effective test cases manually is time-consuming, prompting interest in unit testing research. Recently, Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Ye Shang , Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Siqi Gu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Reversible debugging is becoming increasingly popular for locating the source of errors. This technique proposes a more natural approach to debugging, where one can explore a computation from the observable misbehaviour backwards to the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Germán Vidal

Popular IDEs frequently contain bugs in their refactoring implementations. Ensuring that a transformation preserves a program's behavior is a complex task. Traditional detection methods rely on predefined preconditions for each refactoring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Rohit Gheyi , Marcio Ribeiro , Jonhnanthan Oliveira

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone in Natural Language Processing (NLP), achieving impressive performance in text generation. Their token-level representations capture rich, human-aligned semantics. However, pooling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Benedikt Roth , Stephan Rappensperger , Tianming Qiu , Hamza Imamović , Julian Wörmann , Hao Shen

Novice programmers often face challenges in fault localization due to their limited experience and understanding of programming syntax and logic. Traditional methods like Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) and Mutation-Based Fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Hexiang Xu , Hengyuan Liu , Yonghao Wu , Xiaolan Kang , Xiang Chen , Yong Liu

Human developers can produce code with cybersecurity bugs. Can emerging 'smart' code completion tools help repair those bugs? In this work, we examine the use of large language models (LLMs) for code (such as OpenAI's Codex and AI21's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Baleegh Ahmad , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have demonstrated the capability to generate human like, natural responses across a range of tasks, including task oriented dialogue and question answering. However, their application in real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Naheed Rayhan , Md. Ashrafuzzaman

Deep learning-based approaches, particularly those leveraging pre-trained language models (PLMs), have shown promise in automated software vulnerability detection. However, existing methods are predominantly limited to specific programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Junji Yu , Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yasutaka Kamei , Junjie Chen

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning and generation for language tasks, they are not specifically designed for multimodal challenges. Training Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), however, is resource-intensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuqi Pang , Bowen Yang , Haoqin Tu , Yun Cao , Zeyu Zhang

With the rapid development of web technology, more and more software applications have become web-based in the past decades. To ensure software quality and user experience, various techniques have been proposed to automatically test web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Siyi Wang , Sinan Wang , Yujia Fan , Xiaolei Li , Yepang Liu

Logging code is written by developers to capture system runtime behavior and plays a vital role in debugging, performance analysis, and system monitoring. However, defects in logging code can undermine the usefulness of logs and lead to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Xin Wang , Zhenhao Li , Zishuo Ding

High-level synthesis (HLS) accelerates hardware design by enabling the automatic translation of high-level descriptions into efficient hardware implementations. However, debugging HLS code is a challenging and labor-intensive task,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jing Wang , Shang Liu , Yao Lu , Zhiyao Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being used more and more for various coding tasks, including to help coders identify bugs and are a promising avenue to support coders in various tasks including vulnerability detection -- particularly given…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ignacio Mariano Andreozzi Pofcher , Joshua Ellul

In the current literature, most embedding models are based on the encoder-only transformer architecture to extract a dense and meaningful representation of the given input, which can be a text, an image, and more. With the recent advances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Elio Musacchio , Lucia Siciliani , Pierpaolo Basile , Giovanni Semeraro
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