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Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a model-agnostic technique to improve model quality while having a fixed capacity budget. It is a commonly used technique for model compression, where a larger capacity teacher model with better quality is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Jiaxi Tang , Rakesh Shivanna , Zhe Zhao , Dong Lin , Anima Singh , Ed H. Chi , Sagar Jain

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a promising technique for reducing the high computational demand of large language models (LLMs). However, previous KD methods are primarily applied to white-box classification models or training small models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuxian Gu , Li Dong , Furu Wei , Minlie Huang

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a powerful algorithm for improving the reasoning capabilities of language models, but often fails to improve small models due to sparse rewards on difficult tasks. Existing works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Soo Min Kwon , Ziteng Sun , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Himanshu Jain , Sanjiv Kumar

Knowledge distillation (KD) has become an important technique for model compression and knowledge transfer. In this work, we first perform a comprehensive analysis of the knowledge transferred by different KD methods. We demonstrate that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Fei Ding , Yin Yang , Hongxin Hu , Venkat Krovi , Feng Luo

A recent trend in Natural Language Processing is the exponential growth in Language Model (LM) size, which prevents research groups without a necessary hardware infrastructure from participating in the development process. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Jan Philip Wahle

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods enhance LLM performance by efficiently filtering relevant context for LLMs, reducing hallucinations and inference cost. However, most existing RAG methods focus on single-step retrieval, which is…

Knowledge distillation (KD) transfers capabilities from large language models (LLMs) to smaller students, yet it can fail unpredictably and also underpins model leakage risks. Our analysis revealed several distillation traps: tail noise,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Weixiao Zhan , Yongcheng Jing , Leszek Rutkowski , Dacheng Tao

Knowledge Distillation (KD) compresses computationally expensive pre-trained language models (PLMs) by transferring their knowledge to smaller models, allowing their use in resource-constrained or real-time settings. However, most smaller…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Hayeon Lee , Rui Hou , Jongpil Kim , Davis Liang , Hongbo Zhang , Sung Ju Hwang , Alexander Min

Knowledge Distillation (KD) compresses large language models (LLMs) by transferring the teacher model's capabilities to a smaller student model, reducing inference cost and memory usage while maintaining performance. However, existing KD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Lingyuan Liu , Mengxiang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning capabilities, often achieving state-of-the-art performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory demands, due to billions of parameters, hinder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

Knowledge distillation (KD) has recently emerged as an efficacious scheme for learning compact deep neural networks (DNNs). Despite the promising results achieved, the rationale that interprets the behavior of KD has yet remained largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Mengqi Xue , Jie Song , Xinchao Wang , Ying Chen , Xingen Wang , Mingli Song

The knowledge distillation uses a high-performance teacher network to guide the student network. However, the performance gap between the teacher and student networks can affect the student's training. This paper proposes a novel knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Songling Zhu , Ronghua Shang , Bo Yuan , Weitong Zhang , Yangyang Li , Licheng Jiao

This work studies knowledge distillation (KD) and addresses its constraints for recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) models. In hard distillation, a teacher model transcribes large amounts of unlabelled speech to train a student…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Mohammad Zeineldeen , Kartik Audhkhasi , Murali Karthick Baskar , Bhuvana Ramabhadran

Knowledge tracing (KT) is a popular approach for modeling students' learning progress over time, which can enable more personalized and adaptive learning. However, existing KT approaches face two major limitations: (1) they rely heavily on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Yilmazcan Ozyurt , Stefan Feuerriegel , Mrinmaya Sachan

We perform knowledge distillation (KD) benchmark from task-specific BERT-base teacher models to various student models: BiLSTM, CNN, BERT-Tiny, BERT-Mini, and BERT-Small. Our experiment involves 12 datasets grouped in two tasks: text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Made Nindyatama Nityasya , Haryo Akbarianto Wibowo , Rendi Chevi , Radityo Eko Prasojo , Alham Fikri Aji

Knowledge distillation is an effective technique for pre-trained language model compression. Although existing knowledge distillation methods perform well for the most typical model BERT, they could be further improved in two aspects: the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Ying Zhang , Ziheng Yang , Shufan Ji

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a powerful approach for compressing a large model into a smaller, more efficient model, particularly beneficial for latency-sensitive applications like recommender systems. However, current KD research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Nikhil Khani , Shuo Yang , Aniruddh Nath , Yang Liu , Pendo Abbo , Li Wei , Shawn Andrews , Maciej Kula , Jarrod Kahn , Zhe Zhao , Lichan Hong , Ed Chi

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a common method for transferring the ``knowledge'' learned by one machine learning model (the \textit{teacher}) into another model (the \textit{student}), where typically, the teacher has a greater capacity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Jie Fu , Xue Geng , Zhijian Duan , Bohan Zhuang , Xingdi Yuan , Adam Trischler , Jie Lin , Chris Pal , Hao Dong

With the improvement of AI chips (e.g., GPU, TPU, and NPU) and the fast development of the Internet of Things (IoT), some robust deep neural networks (DNNs) are usually composed of millions or even hundreds of millions of parameters. Such a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jun-Teng Yang , Sheng-Che Kao , Scott C. -H. Huang

Distilling multi-step reasoning abilities from large language models (LLMs) into compact student models remains challenging due to noisy rationales, hallucinated supervision, and static teacher-student interactions. Existing reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kasidit Sermsri , Teerapong Panboonyuen