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Federated learning (FL) is an approach to training machine learning models that takes advantage of multiple distributed datasets while maintaining data privacy and reducing communication costs associated with sharing local datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 John Fischer , Marko Orescanin , Justin Loomis , Patrick McClure

Software reuse has long been recognized as a critical and widely studied topic in software engineering, offering substantial benefits in reducing development costs, improving software quality, and enhancing operational efficiency. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-02 You Lu , Jiyang Zhang , Bihuan Chen , Chaofeng Sha , Dingji Wang , Xin Peng

Recent advances in decentralized deep learning algorithms have demonstrated cutting-edge performance on various tasks with large pre-trained models. However, a pivotal prerequisite for achieving this level of competitiveness is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Nastaran Saadati , Minh Pham , Nasla Saleem , Joshua R. Waite , Aditya Balu , Zhanhong Jiang , Chinmay Hegde , Soumik Sarkar

By merging models, AI systems can combine the distinct strengths of separate language models, achieving a balance between multiple capabilities without requiring substantial retraining. However, the integration process can be intricate due…

Fine-tuning pre-trained models is a widely employed technique in numerous real-world applications. However, fine-tuning these models on new tasks can lead to unfair outcomes. This is due to the absence of generalization guarantees for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Yixuan Zhang , Feng Zhou

Multi-fidelity machine learning methods address the accuracy-efficiency trade-off by integrating scarce, resource-intensive high-fidelity data with abundant but less accurate low-fidelity data. We propose a practical multi-fidelity strategy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Jiaxiang Yi , Ji Cheng , Miguel A. Bessa

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is crucial for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specific tasks. In this work, we demonstrate that the order of training data can lead to significant training imbalances, potentially resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiming Ju , Ziyi Ni , Xingrun Xing , Zhixiong Zeng , hanyu Zhao , Siqi Fan , Zheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been adopted and deployed worldwide for a broad variety of applications. However, ensuring their safe use remains a significant challenge. Preference training and safety measures often overfit to harms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Aakanksha , Arash Ahmadian , Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Beyza Ermis , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

This paper introduces a continual learning approach named MagMax, which utilizes model merging to enable large pre-trained models to continuously learn from new data without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Distinct from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Daniel Marczak , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Tomasz Trzciński , Sebastian Cygert

Fine-tuning pre-trained models on targeted datasets enhances task-specific performance but often comes at the expense of generalization. Model merging techniques, which integrate multiple fine-tuned models into a single multi-task model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zitao Fang , Guodong DU , Shuyang Yu , Yifei Guo , Yiwei Zhang , Yiyao Cao , Jing Li , Ho-Kin Tang , Sim Kuan Goh

Achieving high-performing language models which include medium- and lower-resource languages remains a challenge. Massively multilingual models still underperform compared to language-specific adaptations, especially at smaller model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Kevin Glocker , Kätriin Kukk , Romina Oji , Marcel Bollmann , Marco Kuhlmann , Jenny Kunz

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and Gemini underscores the intense demand for resources during their training processes, posing significant challenges due to substantial computational and environmental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Deyuan Liu , Zecheng Wang , Bingning Wang , Weipeng Chen , Chunshan Li , Zhiying Tu , Dianhui Chu , Bo Li , Dianbo Sui

Model merging has emerged as an efficient strategy for constructing multitask models by integrating the strengths of multiple available expert models, thereby reducing the need to fine-tune a pre-trained model for all the tasks from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Kehao Zhang , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Reliably predicting nuclear properties across the entire chart of isotopes is important for applications ranging from nuclear astrophysics to superheavy science to nuclear technology. To this day, however, all the theoretical models that…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-29 Aman Sharma , Nicolas Schunck , Kyle Wendt

Model merging has shown great promise at combining expert models, but the benefit of merging is unclear when merging "generalist" models trained on many tasks. We explore merging in the context of large (~100B) models, by recycling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Muhammad Khalifa , Yi-Chern Tan , Arash Ahmadian , Tom Hosking , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang , Ahmet Üstün , Tom Sherborne , Matthias Gallé

Fine-tuning a task-specific multilingual large language model (LLM) involves training the model on a multilingual dataset with examples in all the required languages. Updating one or more supported languages with additional data or adding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Alphaeus Dmonte , Vidhi Gupta , Daniel J Perry , Mark Arehart

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated transformative potential in reshaping the world. As these models are pretrained on general corpora, they often require domain-specific fine-tuning to optimize performance in specialized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yidong Chai , Yang Liu , Yonghang Zhou , Jiaheng Xie , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) require instruction fine-tuning to perform different downstream tasks. However, the instruction fine-tuning phase still demands significant computational resources and labeled data, lacking a paradigm that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Yiguan Lin , Bin Xu , Yinghao Li , Yang Gao

The rapid development of AI systems has been greatly influenced by the emergence of foundation models. A common approach for targeted problems involves fine-tuning these pre-trained foundation models for specific target tasks, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 MohammadReza Davari , Eugene Belilovsky

Model merging, a method that combines the parameters and embeddings of multiple fine-tuned large language models (LLMs), offers a promising approach to enhance model performance across various tasks while maintaining computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Amin Heyrani Nobari , Kaveh Alim , Ali ArjomandBigdeli , Akash Srivastava , Faez Ahmed , Navid Azizan
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