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Electrocardiography (ECG) is a low-cost, widely used modality for diagnosing electrical abnormalities like atrial fibrillation by capturing the heart's electrical activity. However, it cannot directly measure cardiac morphological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Michelle Espranita Liman , Özgün Turgut , Alexander Müller , Eimo Martens , Daniel Rueckert , Philip Müller

Cardiac structure segmentation from echocardiogram videos plays a crucial role in diagnosing heart disease. The combination of multi-view echocardiogram data is essential to enhance the accuracy and robustness of automated methods. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Ziyang Zheng , Jiewen Yang , Xinpeng Ding , Xiaowei Xu , Xiaomeng Li

Recent advances have increasingly applied large language models (LLMs) to electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation, giving rise to Electrocardiogram-Language Models (ELMs). Conditioned on an ECG and a textual query, an ELM autoregressively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 William Han , Chaojing Duan , Zhepeng Cen , Yihang Yao , Xiaoyu Song , Atharva Mhaskar , Dylan Leong , Michael A. Rosenberg , Emerson Liu , Ding Zhao

Point-of-care transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) enables cardiac assessment in virtually any clinical setting, yet its diagnostic utility remains constrained by the expertise required for image acquisition and interpretation. Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Filippos Bellos , Yutong Li , Jessie N Dong , Zaiyang Guo , Emily Mackay , Yayuan Li , Yannis Avrithis , Alison Pouch , Jason J. Corso

Learning spatiotemporal features is an important task for efficient video understanding especially in medical images such as echocardiograms. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and more recent vision transformers (ViTs) are the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Rand Muhtaseb , Mohammad Yaqub

Cardiac ultrasound imaging is used to diagnose various heart diseases. Common analysis pipelines involve manual processing of the video frames by expert clinicians. This suffers from intra- and inter-observer variability. We propose a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Hadrien Reynaud , Athanasios Vlontzos , Benjamin Hou , Arian Beqiri , Paul Leeson , Bernhard Kainz

We introduce a novel question-answering (QA) dataset using echocardiogram reports sourced from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database. This dataset is specifically designed to enhance QA systems in cardiology, consisting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lama Moukheiber , Mira Moukheiber , Dana Moukheiiber , Jae-Woo Ju , Hyung-Chul Lee

Echocardiography provides an important tool for clinicians to observe the function of the heart in real time, at low cost, and without harmful radiation. Automated localization and classification of heart valves enables automatic extraction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Derya Gol Gungor , Bimba Rao , Cynthia Wolverton , Ismayil Guracar

Early detection of cardiovascular diseases is crucial for effective treatment and an electrocardiogram (ECG) is pivotal for diagnosis. The accuracy of Deep Learning based methods for ECG signal classification has progressed in recent years…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Likith Reddy , Vivek Talwar , Shanmukh Alle , Raju. S. Bapi , U. Deva Priyakumar

Empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs), recent advancements in Video-based LLMs (VideoLLMs) have driven progress in various video understanding tasks. These models encode video representations through pooling or query aggregation over a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuetian Weng , Mingfei Han , Haoyu He , Xiaojun Chang , Bohan Zhuang

In echocardiography (echo), an electrocardiogram (ECG) is conventionally used to temporally align different cardiac views for assessing critical measurements. However, in emergencies or point-of-care situations, acquiring an ECG is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Fatemeh Taheri Dezaki , Christina Luong , Tom Ginsberg , Robert Rohling , Ken Gin , Purang Abolmaesumi , Teresa Tsang

An electrocardiogram (ECG) captures the heart's electrical signal to assess various heart conditions. In practice, ECG data is stored as either digitized signals or printed images. Despite the emergence of numerous deep learning models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Ju-Hyeon Nam , Seo-Hyung Park , Su Jung Kim , Sang-Chul Lee

Large annotated datasets are essential for training robust Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) models for breast cancer detection or risk prediction. However, acquiring such datasets with fine-detailed annotation is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Shunjie-Fabian Zheng , Hyeonjun Lee , Thijs Kooi , Ali Diba

Echocardiography is a widely used modality for cardiac assessment due to its non-invasive and cost-effective nature, but the sparse and heterogeneous spatiotemporal views of the heart pose distinct challenges. Existing masked autoencoder…

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promising performance in automated electrocardiogram interpretation, it remains unclear whether they genuinely perform actual step-by-step reasoning or just rely on superficial visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jungwoo Oh , Hyunseung Chung , Junhee Lee , Min-Gyu Kim , Hangyul Yoon , Ki Seong Lee , Youngchae Lee , Muhan Yeo , Edward Choi

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have drawn increasing attention since the learned embeddings pretrained on large-scale datasets have shown powerful ability in various downstream applications. However, whether the learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jielin Qiu , William Han , Jiacheng Zhu , Mengdi Xu , Michael Rosenberg , Emerson Liu , Douglas Weber , Ding Zhao

Echocardiography is a critical tool for detecting heart diseases, yet its steep operational difficulty causes a shortage of skilled personnel. Probe guidance systems, which assist in acquiring high-quality images, offer a promising solution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Teng Wang , Haojun Jiang , Yuxuan Wang , Zhenguo Sun , Yujiao Deng , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Early detection of cardiac dysfunction through routine screening is vital for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. An important metric of cardiac function is the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), where lower EF is associated with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-08 Ece Ozkan , Thomas M. Sutter , Yurong Hu , Sebastian Balzer , Julia E. Vogt

We present Video-LLaMA a multi-modal framework that empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) with the capability of understanding both visual and auditory content in the video. Video-LLaMA bootstraps cross-modal training from the frozen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Hang Zhang , Xin Li , Lidong Bing

Ultrasound foundation models have achieved strong performance on structured prediction tasks but remain exclusively vision-based, limiting zero-shot and few-shot transfer to novel tasks where task-specific annotation is scarce. We address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhuoyang Lyu , Yiyang Zhang , Tongxin Wang , Ruirui Lan