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Early JWST observations have revealed substantial numbers of galaxies out to redshifts as high as $z \simeq 14$, reflecting a slow evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function (LF) not anticipated by many models of galaxy evolution. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-16 C. T. Donnan , J. S. Dunlop , R. J. McLure , D. J. McLeod , F. Cullen

Early data from JWST have revealed a bevy of high-redshift galaxy candidates with unexpectedly high stellar masses. An immediate concern is the consistency of these candidates with galaxy formation in the standard cosmological model. In the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Michael Boylan-Kolchin

Observations with the {\it James Webb Space Telescope} have revealed a high abundance of bright galaxies at redshift, $z\gtrsim 12$, which has been widely interpreted as conflicting with the $\Lambda$CDM model. In Cowley et al. (2018)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-27 Shengdong Lu , Carlos S. Frenk , Sownak Bose , Cedric G. Lacey , Shaun Cole , Carlton M. Baugh , John C. Helly

We show that the rest-frame UV statistics and global properties of galaxies at 7 <= z <= 14 are naturally reproduced within the standard {\Lambda}CDM framework when galaxy formation is modeled with UniverseMachine applied to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-22 Francisco Prada , Peter Behroozi , Tomoaki Ishiyama , Enrique Pérez , Anatoly Klypin , Xin Wang , José Ruedas

We review theoretical approaches to the study of galaxy formation, with emphasis on the role of hydrodynamic simulations in modeling the high redshift galaxy population. We present new predictions for the abundance of star-forming galaxies…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 David H. Weinberg , Romeel Dave' , Jeffrey P. Gardner , Lars Hernquist , Neal Katz

The number density of UV luminous galaxies discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope at ultra high redshift ($z \gtrsim 10$) is higher, and declines much more slowly with increasing redshift, than expected from extrapolations of lower…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered several luminous high-redshift galaxy candidates with stellar masses of $M_{*} \gtrsim 10^{9} \, \rm{M_{\odot}}$ at photometric redshifts $z_{\mathrm{phot}} \gtrsim 10$ which allows to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-30 Moritz Haslbauer , Pavel Kroupa , Akram Hasani Zonoozi , Hosein Haghi

JWST observations have revealed an overabundance of bright galaxies at $z \geq 9$, creating apparent tensions with theoretical predictions within standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We address this challenge using a semi-empirical approach…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-13 Abhijnan Kar , Shadab Alam , Joseph Silk

A substantial number of ultra-high redshift (8 < z < 17) galaxy candidates have been detected with JWST, posing the question: are these observational results surprising in the context of current galaxy formation models? We address this…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has unveiled unexpectedly massive galaxy candidates at high redshifts, challenging standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological predictions. In this work, we study the predictions of more realistic dark matter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-17 Saeed Fakhry , Reyhaneh Vojoudi Salmani , Javad T. Firouzjaee

Reionization is thought to have occurred in the redshift range of $6 < z < 9$, which is now being probed by both deep galaxy surveys and CMB observations. Using halo abundance matching over the redshift range $5<z<8$ and assuming smooth,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-04 Guochao Sun , Steven R. Furlanetto

Recent JWST observations suggest an excess of $z\gtrsim10$ galaxy candidates above most theoretical models. Here, we explore how the interplay between halo formation timescales, star formation efficiency and dust attenuation affects the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-12 Charlotte A. Mason , Michele Trenti , Tommaso Treu

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has unveiled a population of unexpectedly massive and luminous galaxies at redshifts $z \gtrsim 7$, posing a significant challenge to the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological paradigm. In this work, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-17 Saeed Fakhry , Maryam Shiravand , Antonino Del Popolo

Early results of JWST observations have delivered bright $z\gtrsim 10$ galaxy candidates in greater numbers than expected, enabling construction of the rest-frame UV luminosity functions (LFs). The LFs contain key information on the galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-26 Kohei Inayoshi , Yuichi Harikane , Akio K. Inoue , Wenxiu Li , Luis C. Ho

Current models of the formation of first galaxies predict low masses and faint objects at extremely high redshifts, z=9-15. However, the first observations of this epoch indicate a higher-than-expected number of bright (sometimes massive)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-24 Daniel Ceverino , Yurina Nakazato , Naoki Yoshida , Ralf Klessen , Simon Glover

We apply Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methods to large-scale simulations of galaxy formation in a LambdaCDM cosmology in order to explore how star formation and feedback are constrained by the observed luminosity and stellar mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Bruno Henriques , Simon White , Peter Thomas , Raul Angulo , Qi Guo , Gerard Lemson , Volker Springel

We exploit the recent {\it James Webb Space Telescope} (JWST) determination of galaxy UV luminosity functions over the redshift range $z=9-14.5$ to derive constraints on warm dark matter (WDM) models. The delayed structure formation in WDM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-22 Bin Liu , Huanyuan Shan , Jiajun Zhang

A combination of ground-based (NTT and VLT) and HST (HDF-N and HDF-S) public imaging surveys have been used to collect a sample of 1712 I-selected and 319 $K\leq 21$ galaxies. Photometric redshifts have been obtained for all these galaxies.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Fontana , N. Menci , S. D'Odorico , E. Giallongo , F. Poli , S. Cristiani , A. Moorwood , P. Saracco

The discovery of massive, high redshift galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been argued to challenge $\Lambda$CDM (cold dark matter): such systems would require extremely rare halos and baryon-to-stellar-mass conversion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-28 Jay R. Krishnan , Kevork N. Abazajian
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