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The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool for diagnosing heart disease, with computer-aided systems improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing healthcare costs. Despite advancements, existing systems often miss rare cardiac anomalies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Aofan Jiang , Chaoqin Huang , Qing Cao , Yuchen Xu , Zi Zeng , Kang Chen , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a non-invasive tool for predicting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Current ECG-based diagnosis systems show promising performance owing to the rapid development of deep learning techniques. However, the label…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Rushuang Zhou , Lei Lu , Zijun Liu , Ting Xiang , Zhen Liang , David A. Clifton , Yining Dong , Yuan-Ting Zhang

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is crucial for early detection of arrhythmias and other cardiac conditions. However, despite advances in machine learning, many studies fail to follow standardization protocols, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Guilherme Silva , Pedro Silva , Gladston Moreira , Vander Freitas , Jadson Gertrudes , Eduardo Luz

This work explores the feasibility of biometric authentication using EEG signals acquired through in-ear devices, commonly referred to as ear-EEG. Traditional EEG-based biometric systems, while secure, often suffer from low usability due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Danilo Avola , Giancarlo Crocetti , Gian Luca Foresti , Daniele Pannone , Claudio Piciarelli , Amedeo Ranaldi

Current research in Electrocardiogram (ECG) biometrics mainly emphasizes resting-state conditions, leaving the performance decline in rest-exercise scenarios largely unresolved. This paper introduces CrossStateECG, a robust ECG-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dan Zheng , Jing Feng , Juan Liu

Background: Artificial intelligence enabled electrocardiography (AI-ECG) has demonstrated the ability to detect diverse pathologies, but most existing models focus on single disease identification, neglecting comorbidities and future risk…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-19 Jun Li , Hongling Zhu , Yujie Xiao , Qinghao Zhao , Yalei Ke , Gongzheng Tang , Guangkun Nie , Deyun Zhang , Jin Li , Canqing Yu , Shenda Hong

Photoplethsmography (PPG)-based individual identification aiming at recognizing humans via intrinsic cardiovascular activities has raised extensive attention due to its high security and resistance to mimicry. However, this kind of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Riling Wei , Hanjie Chen , Kelu Yao , Chuanguang Yang , Jun Wang , Chao Li

An electrocardiogram (ECG) captures the heart's electrical signal to assess various heart conditions. In practice, ECG data is stored as either digitized signals or printed images. Despite the emergence of numerous deep learning models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Ju-Hyeon Nam , Seo-Hyung Park , Su Jung Kim , Sang-Chul Lee

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple non-invasive measure to identify heart-related issues such as irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. While artificial intelligence and machine learning is being utilized in a wide range of healthcare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Minh Cao , Tianqi Zhao , Yanxun Li , Wenhao Zhang , Peyman Benharash , Ramin Ramezani

The real time analysis and secure transmission of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are critical for ensuring both effective medical diagnosis and patient data privacy. In this study, we developed a real time ECG monitoring system that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Beyazit Bestami Yuksel , Ayse Yilmazer Metin

Electrocardiogram~(ECG), a key bioelectrical time-series signal, is crucial for assessing cardiac health and diagnosing various diseases. Given its time-series format, ECG data is often incorporated into pre-training datasets for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Zhijiang Tang , Jiaxin Qi , Yuhua Zheng , Jianqiang Huang

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are an established technique to screen for abnormal cardiac signals. Recent work has established that it is possible to detect arrhythmia directly from the ECG signal using deep learning algorithms. While a few…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Hyewon Jeong , Suyeol Yun , Hammaad Adam

The goal of this work is to demonstrate the use of the ballistocardiogram (BCG) signal, derived using head-mounted wearable devices, as a viable biometric for authentication. The BCG signal is the measure of an person's body acceleration as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-10 Joshua Hebert , Brittany Lewis , Hang Cai , Krishna K. Venkatasubramanian , Matthew Provost , Kelly Charlebois

There is a need to protect the personal identity information in public EEG datasets. However, it is challenging to remove such information that has infinite classes (open set). We propose an approach to disguise the identity information in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Shiya Liu , Yue Yao , Chaoyue Xing , Tom Gedeon

The HeartBert model is introduced with three primary objectives: reducing the need for labeled data, minimizing computational resources, and simultaneously improving performance in machine learning systems that analyze Electrocardiogram…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Saedeh Tahery , Fatemeh Hamid Akhlaghi , Termeh Amirsoleimani

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are widely used non-invasive measurements of cardiac activity and play a central role in clinical diagnosis. Recent multimodal approaches align ECG signals with clinical reports to incorporate diagnostic semantics,…

Privacy concerns in healthcare have gained interest recently via GDPR, with a rising need for privacy-preserving data collection methods that keep personal information hidden in otherwise usable data. Sometimes data needs to be encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Mikko Impiö , Mehmet Yamaç , Jenni Raitoharju

Automated interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECG) has garnered significant attention with the advancements in machine learning methodologies. Despite the growing interest, most current studies focus solely on classification or regression…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-07 Jielin Qiu , Jiacheng Zhu , Shiqi Liu , William Han , Jingqi Zhang , Chaojing Duan , Michael Rosenberg , Emerson Liu , Douglas Weber , Ding Zhao

The classification of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal has a vital impact on identifying heart-related diseases. This can ensure the premature finding of heart disease and the proper selection of the patient's customized treatment.…

Rare cardiac anomalies are difficult to detect from electrocardiograms (ECGs) due to their long-tailed distribution with extremely limited case counts and demographic disparities in diagnostic performance. These limitations contribute to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Chaoqin Huang , Zi Zeng , Aofan Jiang , Yuchen Xu , Qing Cao , Kang Chen , Chenfei Chi , Yanfeng Wang , Ya Zhang