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In this unprecedented era of technology-driven transformation, it becomes more critical than ever that we aggressively invest in developing robust artificial intelligence (AI) for wargaming in support of decision-making. By advancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Scotty Black , Christian Darken

AI companies and governments are increasingly concerned about frontier AI systems enabling cybercrime, yet defining meaningful capability thresholds requires knowing the scale of cybercrime today. Current estimates of global cybercrime…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kamilė Lukošiūtė , John Halstead , Luca Righetti

The article proposes a universal dual-axis intelligent systems assessment scale. The scale considers the properties of intelligent systems within the environmental context, which develops over time. In contrast to the frequent consideration…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Oleg V. Kubryak , Sergey V. Kovalchuk , Nadezhda G. Bagdasaryan

Active cyber defenses based on temporal platform diversity have been proposed as way to make systems more resistant to attacks. These defenses change the properties of the platforms in order to make attacks more complicated. Unfortunately,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Kevin M. Carter , Hamed Okhravi , James Riordan

There is no denying that the use of Information Technology (IT) is undergoing exponential growth in today's world. This digital transformation has also given rise to a multitude of security challenges, notably in the realm of cybercrime. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Sergio Bernardez Molina , Pantaleone Nespoli , Félix Gómez Mármol

AI has provided us with the ability to automate tasks, extract information from vast amounts of data, and synthesize media that is nearly indistinguishable from the real thing. However, positive tools can also be used for negative purposes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Yisroel Mirsky , Ambra Demontis , Jaidip Kotak , Ram Shankar , Deng Gelei , Liu Yang , Xiangyu Zhang , Wenke Lee , Yuval Elovici , Battista Biggio

Foreign information operations on social media platforms pose significant risks to democratic societies. With the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), this threat is likely to intensify, potentially overwhelming human defenders. To achieve…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Jurriaan van Diggelen , Eugene Aidman , Jazz Rowa , Julian Vince

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh

Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have opened new possibilities for designing solutions for autonomous cyber defence. Teams of intelligent agents in computer network defence roles may reveal promising avenues to safeguard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Jacob Wiebe , Ranwa Al Mallah , Li Li

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is envisioned to play a pivotal role in empowering intelligent, adaptive and autonomous security management in 5G and beyond networks, thanks to its potential to uncover hidden patterns from a large set of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-11 C. Benzaid , T. Taleb

The deployment of monoculture software stacks can have devastating consequences because a single attack can compromise all of the vulnerable computers in cyberspace. This one-vulnerability-affects-all phenomenon will continue until after…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Huashan Chen , Hasan Cam , Shouhuai Xu

Ensemble defenses, are widely employed in various security-related applications to enhance model performance and robustness. The widespread adoption of these techniques also raises many questions: Are general ensembles defenses guaranteed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hangsheng Zhang , Jiqiang Liu , Jinsong Dong

The cybersecurity threat landscape has lately become overly complex. Threat actors leverage weaknesses in the network and endpoint security in a very coordinated manner to perpetuate sophisticated attacks that could bring down the entire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Mohit Sewak , Sanjay K. Sahay , Hemant Rathore

With the capability to write convincing and fluent natural language and generate code, Foundation Models present dual-use concerns broadly and within the cyber domain specifically. Generative AI has already begun to impact cyberspace…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Kade M. Heckel , Adrian Weller

AI agents, predominantly powered by large language models (LLMs), are vulnerable to indirect prompt injection, in which malicious instructions embedded in untrusted data can trigger dangerous agent actions. This position paper discusses our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chong Xiang , Drew Zagieboylo , Shaona Ghosh , Sanjay Kariyappa , Kai Greshake , Hanshen Xiao , Chaowei Xiao , G. Edward Suh

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities for leveraging artificial intelligence in a variety of application domains, including cybersecurity. As the volume and sophistication of cyber threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hanxiang Xu , Shenao Wang , Ningke Li , Kailong Wang , Yanjie Zhao , Kai Chen , Ting Yu , Yang Liu , Haoyu Wang

Artificial Intelligence techniques have evolved rapidly in recent years, revolutionising the approaches used to fight against cybercriminals. But as the cyber security field has progressed, so has malware development, making it an economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Adam Wolsey

Machine learning techniques are currently used extensively for automating various cybersecurity tasks. Most of these techniques utilize supervised learning algorithms that rely on training the algorithm to classify incoming data into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Prithviraj Dasgupta , Joseph B. Collins

Traditional static cybersecurity models often struggle with scalability, real-time detection, and contextual responsiveness in the current digital product ecosystems which include cloud services, application programming interfaces (APIs),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Oluwakemi T. Olayinka , Sumeet Jeswani , Divine Iloh

As frontier AI models become more capable, evaluating their potential to enable cyberattacks is crucial for ensuring the safe development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Current cyber evaluation efforts are often ad-hoc, lacking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Mikel Rodriguez , Raluca Ada Popa , Four Flynn , Lihao Liang , Allan Dafoe , Anna Wang
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