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The past decade has seen the emergence of Ising machines targeting hard combinatorial optimization problems by minimizing the Ising Hamiltonian with spins represented by continuous dynamical variables. However, capabilities of these…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Aditya Shukla , Mikhail Erementchouk , Pinaki Mazumder

Networks of coupled Kerr parametric oscillators (KPOs) are a leading physical platform for analog solving of complex optimization problems. These systems are colloquially known as ``Ising machines''. We experimentally and theoretically…

Multi-objective optimisation problems involve finding solutions with varying trade-offs between multiple and often conflicting objectives. Ising machines are physical devices that aim to find the absolute or approximate ground states of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Mayowa Ayodele , Richard Allmendinger , Manuel López-Ibáñez , Arnaud Liefooghe , Matthieu Parizy

On-chip analog Ising Machines (IMs) are a promising means to solve difficult combinatorial optimization problems. For scalable on-chip realizations to be practical, 1) the problem should map scalably to Ising form, 2) interconnectivity…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Thomas Jagielski , Rajit Manohar , Jaijeet Roychowdhury

Optimal MIMO detection has been one of the most challenging and computationally inefficient tasks in wireless systems. We show that the new analog computing techniques like Coherent Ising Machines (CIM) are promising candidates for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Abhishek Kumar Singh , Kyle Jamieson , Davide Venturelli , Peter McMahon

We propose a parallel version of the cross interpolation algorithm and apply it to calculate high-dimensional integrals motivated by Ising model in quantum physics. In contrast to mainstream approaches, such as Monte Carlo and quasi Monte…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Sergey Dolgov , Dmitry Savostyanov

Specialized function gradient computing hardware could greatly improve the performance of state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, e.g., based on gradient descent or conjugate gradient methods that are at the core of control, machine…

Classical or quantum physical systems can simulate the Ising Hamiltonian for large-scale optimization and machine learning. However, devices such as quantum annealers and coherent Ising machines suffer an exponential drop in the probability…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-09 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

Human actions often involve complex interactions across several inter-related objects in the scene. However, existing approaches to fine-grained video understanding or visual relationship detection often rely on single object representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Chih-Yao Ma , Asim Kadav , Iain Melvin , Zsolt Kira , Ghassan AlRegib , Hans Peter Graf

A promising approach to achieve computational supremacy over the classical von Neumann architecture explores classical and quantum hardware as Ising machines. The minimisation of the Ising Hamiltonian is known to be NP-hard problem for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Kirill P. Kalinin , Natalia G. Berloff

The development of physical simulators, called Ising machines, that sample from low energy states of the Ising Hamiltonian has the potential to drastically transform our ability to understand and control complex systems. However, most of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 Timothee Leleu , Farad Khoyratee , Timothee Levi , Ryan Hamerly , Takashi Kohno , Kazuyuki Aihara

Ising machines can solve combinatorial optimization problems by representing them as energy minimization problems. A common implementation is the probabilistic Ising machine (PIM), which uses probabilistic (p-) bits to represent coupled…

Oscillator-based Ising machines (OIMs) and oscillator-based Potts machines (OPMs) have emerged as promising hardware accelerators for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging the phase dynamics of coupled…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yilmaz Ege Gonul , Ceyhun Efe Kayan , Ilknur Mustafazade , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Baris Taskin

Oscillator Ising machines (OIMs) represent an exemplar case of using physics-inspired non-linear dynamical systems to solve computationally challenging combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). The computational performance of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 E. M. H. E. B. Ekanayake , N. Shukla

Extractive summarization (ES) aims to generate a concise summary by selecting a subset of sentences from a document while maximizing relevance and minimizing redundancy. Although modern ES systems achieve high accuracy using powerful neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ziqing Zeng , Abhimanyu Kumar , Ahmet Efe , Ruihong Yin , Chris H. Kim , Ulya R. Karpuzcu , Sachin S. Sapatnekar

The stacking problem is approached by computational mechanics, using an Ising next nearest neighbor model. Computational mechanics allows to treat the stacking arrangement as an information processing system in the light of a symbol…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-06-27 Edwin Rodriguez-Horta , Ernesto Estevez-Rams , Reinhard Neder , Raimundo Lora-Serrano

The general-purpose programmable photonic processors offer a scalable and reconfigurable solution for a wide range of RF and optical applications. Therefore, implementing photonic Ising machines using programmable processors leverages the…

Ising machines based on analog systems have the potential of acceleration in solving ubiquitous combinatorial optimization problems. Although some artificial spins to support large-scale Ising machine is reported, e.g. superconducting…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-11-03 Qizhuang Cen , Tengfei Hao , Hao Ding , Shanhong Guan , Zhiqiang Qin , Kun Xu , Yitang Dai , Ming Li

As we approach the physical limits predicted by Moore's law, a variety of specialized hardware is emerging to tackle specialized tasks in different domains. Within combinatorial optimization, adiabatic quantum computers, CMOS annealers, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Xiaoyuan Liu , Hayato Ushijima-Mwesigwa , Avradip Mandal , Sarvagya Upadhyay , Ilya Safro , Arnab Roy

Combinatorial problems such as combinatorial optimization and constraint satisfaction problems arise in decision-making across various fields of science and technology. In real-world applications, when multiple optimal or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yuta Mizuno , Mohammad Ali , Tamiki Komatsuzaki