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Foundation models have become central to unifying perception and planning in robotics, yet real-world deployment exposes a mismatch between their monolithic assumption that a single model can handle all cognitive functions and the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Nan Sun , Bo Mao , Yongchang Li , Chenxu Wang , Di Guo , Huaping Liu

As Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems are increasingly employed in intricate social environments, a pressing query emerges: Can these NLP systems mirror human-esque collaborative intelligence, in a multi-agent society consisting of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jintian Zhang , Xin Xu , Ningyu Zhang , Ruibo Liu , Bryan Hooi , Shumin Deng

As foundation models are increasingly deployed as interacting agents in multi-agent systems, their collective behavior raises new challenges for trustworthiness, transparency, and accountability. Traditional coordination mechanisms, such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Brendan Gho , Suman Muppavarapu , Afnan Shaik , Tyson Tsay , Atharva Mohan , James Begin , Kevin Zhu , Archana Vaidheeswaran , Vasu Sharma

Existing benchmarks for LLM agents' social behavior typically focus on a single capability dimension and evaluate only behavioral outcomes, overlooking process signals from reasoning and communication. We present M3-BENCH, a benchmark of 24…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sixiong Xie , Zhuofan Shi , Haiyang Shen , Yun Ma , Xiang Jing

Artificial General Intelligence falls short when communicating role specific nuances to other systems. This is more pronounced when building autonomous LLM agents capable and designed to communicate with each other for real world problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Rabimba Karanjai , Weidong Shi

The ability to coordinate actions across multiple agents is critical for solving complex, real-world problems. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in communication, planning, and reasoning, raising the question of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-21 João Vitor de Carvalho Silva , Douglas G. Macharet

Visual navigation tasks are critical for household service robots. As these tasks become increasingly complex, effective communication and collaboration among multiple robots become imperative to ensure successful completion. In recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pengying Wu , Yao Mu , Kangjie Zhou , Ji Ma , Junting Chen , Chang Liu

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to track others epistemic state, makes humans efficient collaborators. AI agents need the same capacity in multi agent settings, yet existing benchmarks mostly test literal ToM by asking direct belief…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Gurusha Juneja , Dylan Lu , Saaket Agashe , Parth Diwane , Edward Gunn , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , William Yang Wang , Yali Du , Xin Eric Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance but often lack interpretable reasoning. This paper introduces the Multi-Agent Collaboration Framework for Diverse Thinking Modes (DiMo), which enhances both performance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhixuan He , Yue Feng

A flurry of recent work has demonstrated that pre-trained large language models (LLMs) can be effective task planners for a variety of single-robot tasks. The planning performance of LLMs is significantly improved via prompting techniques,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yongchao Chen , Jacob Arkin , Yang Zhang , Nicholas Roy , Chuchu Fan

Alignment of Large Language models (LLMs) is crucial for safe and trustworthy deployment in applications. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective technique to align LLMs to human preferences and broader…

In open-world environments like Minecraft, existing agents face challenges in continuously learning structured knowledge, particularly causality. These challenges stem from the opacity inherent in black-box models and an excessive reliance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Shu Yu , Chaochao Lu

We introduce Agentic Reasoning, a framework that enhances large language model (LLM) reasoning by integrating external tool-using agents. Agentic Reasoning dynamically leverages web search, code execution, and structured memory to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Junde Wu , Jiayuan Zhu , Yuyuan Liu , Min Xu , Yueming Jin

LLM-powered embodied agents have shown success on conventional object-rearrangement tasks, but providing personalized assistance that leverages user-specific knowledge from past interactions presents new challenges. We investigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Taeyoon Kwon , Dongwook Choi , Hyojun Kim , Sunghwan Kim , Seungjun Moon , Beong-woo Kwak , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jinyoung Yeo

Reasoning in a complex and ambiguous environment is a key goal for Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. While some sophisticated RL agents can successfully solve difficult tasks, they require a large amount of training data and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Ishita Dasgupta , Christine Kaeser-Chen , Kenneth Marino , Arun Ahuja , Sheila Babayan , Felix Hill , Rob Fergus

Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened transformative possibilities for human-robot collaboration. However, enabling real-time collaboration requires both low latency and robust reasoning, and most LLMs suffer from high latency. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shipeng Liu , Boshen Zhang , Zhehui Huang

Expressing confidence is challenging for embodied agents navigating dynamic multimodal environments, where uncertainty arises from both perception and decision-making processes. We present the first work investigating embodied confidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Tianjiao Yu , Vedant Shah , Muntasir Wahed , Kiet A. Nguyen , Adheesh Juvekar , Tal August , Ismini Lourentzou

With recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), Agentic AI has become phenomenal in real-world applications, moving toward multiple LLM-based agents to perceive, learn, reason, and act collaboratively. These LLM-based Multi-Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Khanh-Tung Tran , Dung Dao , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate that chain-of-thought prompting and deep reasoning substantially enhance performance on complex tasks, and multi-agent systems can further improve accuracy by enabling model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zehui Ling , Deshu Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Xigui Li , Xin Guo , Yuan Cheng

When are multi-agent LLM systems merely a collection of individual agents versus an integrated collective with higher-order structure? We introduce an information-theoretic framework to test -- in a purely data-driven way -- whether…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Christoph Riedl