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Optical resonances in nanostructures enable strong enhancement of nonlinear processes at the nanoscale, such as second-harmonic generation (SHG), with high-$Q$ modes providing intensified light--matter interactions and sharp spectral…

Silicon nitride (SiN) photonics platform has attributes of ultra-low linear and nonlinear propagation losses and CMOS-compatible fabrication process, promising large-scale multifunctional photonic circuits. However, the centrosymmetric…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-08 Binbin Wang , Yafei Ji , Linpeng Gu , Liang Fang , Xuetao Gan , Jianlin Zhao

We demonstrate second order optical nonlinearity in aluminum nitride on insulator substrates. Using sputter-deposited aluminum nitride thin films we realize nanophotonic waveguides coupled to micro-ring resonators that simultaneously…

Optics · Physics 2012-06-13 W. H. P. Pernice , C. Xiong , C. Schuck , H. X. Tang

High harmonic generation (HHG) opens a window on the fundamental science of strong-field light-mater interaction and serves as a key building block for attosecond optics and metrology. Resonantly enhanced HHG from hot spots in…

Light generation through optical harmonics plays a pivotal role in photonics, driving innovations in coherent light sources, biological imaging, and spectroscopy. Traditional methods for tuning optical harmonics, including electrostatic…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-01 George Trivizas , Matthew D. Feinstein , Euclides Almeida

An optical Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) allows to probe various structural and symmetry-related properties of materials, since it is sensitive to the inversion symmetry breaking in the system. Here, we investigate the SHG response from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-08 M. Vandelli , M. I. Katsnelson , E. A. Stepanov

Diffractive neural networks (DNNs) are an emerging approach for the realization of photonic artificial intelligence, especially due to their suitability for machine-vision applications and high-dimensional photonic information processing at…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-27 Marie Braasch , Anna Kartashova , Elena Goi , Thomas Pertsch , Sina Saravi

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are promising for realizing various on-chip nonlinear optical devices, due to their nanoscale lateral confinement and strong light-matter interaction. However, high-intensity pulsed pump lasers are typically…

High coherence visible and near-visible laser sources are centrally important to the operation of advanced position/navigation/timing systems as well as classical/quantum sensing systems. However, the complexity and size of these bench-top…

Optical materials with centrosymmetry, such as silicon and germanium, are unfortunately absent of second-order nonlinear optical responses, hindering their developments in efficient nonlinear optical devices. Here, a design with an array of…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-17 C. Fang , Q. Yang , Q. Yuan , L. Gu , X. Gan , Y. Shao , Y. Liu , G. Han , Y. Hao

Optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear parametric process that doubles the frequency of incoming light. Only allowed in non-centrosymmetric materials, it has been widely used in frequency modulation of lasers, surface…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-05 Wontaek Kim , Je Yhoung Ahn , Juseung Oh , Ji Hoon Shim , Sunmin Ryu

The emerging field of silicon photonics seeks to unify the high bandwidth of optical communications with CMOS microelectronic circuits. Many components have been demonstrated for on-chip optical communications, including those that utilize…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-20 Jacob S. Levy , Mark A. Foster , Alexander L. Gaeta , Michal Lipson

The effective second-harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient is a crucial data that quantifies the efficiency of transforming fundamental frequency light into its second harmonic. With the help of the symmetry of nonlinear optical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Die Xiao , Yisheng Song

Optical coating, an integral part of many optical systems, is prone to damage from environmental exposure and laser irradiation. This underscores the need for reliable and sensitive coating diagnostics. We introduce second harmonic…

The high-order harmonic generation (HHG), if phase matched, opens a unique way to produce coherent ultrafast extreme-UV (XUV) or soft x-ray light sources. Here we describe a robust and tunable method for scaling and narrowing the bandwidth…

Optics · Physics 2017-10-03 L. Mashhadi , G. Shayeganrad

By self-injection-locking a 1560 nm distributed feedback semiconductor laser to a high-$Q$ silicon nitride resonator, a high-coherence 780 nm second harmonic signal is generated via the photogalvanic-induced second-order nonlinearity. A…

Nonlinear optical processes in whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators have attracted much attention. Owing to the strong confinement of light in a small volume, a WGM microresonator can dramatically boost the strength of light field,…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-29 Jintian Lin , Yingxin Xu , Jielei Ni , Min Wang , Zhiwei Fang , Lingling Qiao , Wei Fang , Ya Cheng

We report on nonlinear frequency conversion from the telecom range via second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) in suspended gallium nitride slab photonic crystal (PhC) cavities on silicon, under continuous-wave…

We describe an approach based on topology optimization that enables automatic discovery of wavelength-scale photonic structures for achieving high-efficiency second-harmonic generation (SHG). A key distinction from previous formulation and…

The coherent photogalvanic effect leads to the generation of a current under the absorption interference of coherent beams and allows for the inscription of space-charge gratings leading to an effective second-order susceptibility…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-29 Ozan Yakar , Edgars Nitiss , Jianqi Hu , Camille-Sophie Brès