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Modern deployment of large language models (LLMs) frequently involves both inference serving and continuous retraining to stay aligned with evolving data and user feedback. Common practices separate these workloads onto distinct servers in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yufei Li , Zexin Li , Yinglun Zhu , Cong Liu

Handling communication overhead in large-scale tensor-parallel training remains a critical challenge due to the dense, near-zero distributions of intermediate tensors, which exacerbate errors under frequent communication and introduce…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Man Liu , Xingchen Liu , Xingjian Tian , Bing Lu , Shengkay Lyu , Shengquan Yin , Wenjing Huang , Zheng Wei , Hairui Zhao , Guangming Tan , Dingwen Tao

Vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on natural image and language data, such as CLIP, have exhibited significant potential in few-shot image recognition tasks, leading to development of various efficient transfer learning methods.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Dexia Chen , Wentao Zhang , Qianjie Zhu , Ping Hu , Weibing Li , Tong Zhang , Ruixuan Wang

We propose TraceRL, a trajectory-aware reinforcement learning framework for diffusion language models (DLMs) that incorporates preferred inference trajectory into post-training, and is applicable across different architectures. Equipped…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yinjie Wang , Ling Yang , Bowen Li , Ye Tian , Ke Shen , Mengdi Wang

Distributed training methods are crucial for large language models (LLMs). However, existing distributed training methods often suffer from communication bottlenecks, stragglers, and limited elasticity, particularly in heterogeneous or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jialiang Cheng , Ning Gao , Yun Yue , Zhiling Ye , Jiadi Jiang , Jian Sha

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in tasks requiring reasoning and multi-step problem-solving through the use of chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. However, generating the full CoT process results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Tianqiao Liu , Zui Chen , Zitao Liu , Mi Tian , Weiqi Luo

Cross-domain offline reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to enhance sample efficiency in offline RL by utilizing additional offline source datasets. A key challenge is to identify and utilize source samples that are most relevant to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Linh Le Pham Van , Minh Hoang Nguyen , Duc Kieu , Hung Le , Hung The Tran , Sunil Gupta

While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities at task-specific applications through fine-tuning, extending these benefits across diverse languages is essential for broad accessibility. However, effective cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Danni Liu , Jan Niehues

In this paper, we address the challenges of online Continual Learning (CL) by introducing a density distribution-based learning framework. CL, especially the Class Incremental Learning, enables adaptation to new test distributions while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Shilin Zhang , Jiahui Wang

Communication scheduling aims to reduce communication bottlenecks in data parallel training (DP) by maximizing the overlap between computation and communication. However, existing schemes fall short due to three main issues: (1) hard data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Lin Meng , Yuzhong Sun

Efficient parallelization of Large Language Models (LLMs) with long sequences is essential but challenging due to their significant computational and memory demands, particularly stemming from communication bottlenecks in attention…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongwu Wang , Fangxin Liu , Mingshuai Li , Li Jiang

Continual pre-training has increasingly become the predominant approach for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to new domains. This process involves updating the pre-trained LLM with a corpus from a new domain, resulting in a shift in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yiduo Guo , Jie Fu , Huishuai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao , Yikang Shen

We present a self-supervised learning framework, COCO-LM, that pretrains Language Models by COrrecting and COntrasting corrupted text sequences. Following ELECTRA-style pretraining, COCO-LM employs an auxiliary language model to corrupt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Yu Meng , Chenyan Xiong , Payal Bajaj , Saurabh Tiwary , Paul Bennett , Jiawei Han , Xia Song

Standard Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training typically treats corpora as flattened token sequences, often overlooking the real-world context that humans naturally rely on to contextualize information. To bridge this gap, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yudong Li , Jiawei Cai , Linlin Shen

The receiver design for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) systems can be a tough task due to the use of short channel codes and few pilot symbols. Consequently, error propagation can occur…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-12 Yi Sun , Hong Shen , Bingqing Li , Wei Xu , Pengcheng Zhu , Nan Hu , Chunming Zhao

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) have recently gained significant attention for their exceptional performance and inherent potential for parallel decoding. Existing frameworks further enhance its inference efficiency by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Linye Wei , Wenjue Chen , Pingzhi Tang , Xiaotian Guo , Le Ye , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, OPT, and LLaMA have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in a wide range of tasks. However, training these models can incur significant expenses, often requiring tens of thousands of GPUs for months…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Fei Yang , Shuang Peng , Ning Sun , Fangyu Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Fu Wu , Jiezhong Qiu , Aimin Pan

The recent progress of AI can be largely attributed to large language models (LLMs). However, their escalating memory requirements introduce challenges for machine learning (ML) researchers and engineers. Addressing this requires developers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Bowen Tan , Yun Zhu , Lijuan Liu , Hongyi Wang , Yonghao Zhuang , Jindong Chen , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) develop cross-lingual abilities despite being trained on limited parallel data. However, they often struggle to generate responses in the intended language, favoring high-resource languages such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Elnaz Rahmati , Alireza S. Ziabari , Morteza Dehghani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved exceptional performance across diverse domains through training on massive datasets. However, scaling LLMs to support multiple downstream domain applications remains a significant challenge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shaomang Huang , Jianfeng Pan , Min Peng , Hanzhong Zheng