Related papers: EP250108a/SN 2025kg: A Jet-Driven Stellar Explosio…

EP 250108a/SN 2025kg: Observations of the most nearby Broad-Line Type Ic Supernova following an Einstein Probe Fast X-ray Transient

With a small sample of fast X-ray transients (FXTs) with multi-wavelength counterparts discovered to date, the progenitors of FXTs and their connections to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and supernovae (SNe) remain ambiguous. Here, we present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-19 J. C. Rastinejad , A. J. Levan , P. G. Jonker , C. D. Kilpatrick , C. L. Fryer , N. Sarin , B. P. Gompertz , C. Liu , R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris , W. Fong , E. Burns , J. H. Gillanders , I. Mandel , D. B. Malesani , P. T. O'Brien , N. R. Tanvir , K. Ackley , A. Aryan , F. E. Bauer , S. Bloemen , T. de Boer , C. R. Bom , J. A. Chacon , K. Chambers , T. -W. Chen , A. A. Chrimes , J. N. D. van Dalen , V. D'Elia , M. De Pasquale , M. D. Fulton , P. J. Groot , R. Gupta , D. H. Hartmann , A. P. C. van Hoof , M. E. Huber , L. Izzo , W. Jacobson-Galan , P. Jakobsson , A. Kong , T. Laskar , T. B. Lowe , E. A. Magnier , E. Maiorano , A. Martin-Carrillo , L. Mas-Ribas , D. Mata Sanchez , M. Nicholl , C. J. Nixon , S. R. Oates , G. Paek , J. Palmerio , D. Paris , D. L. A. Pieterse , G. Pugliese , J. A. Quirola Vasquez , J. van Roestel , A. Rossi , A. Rouco Escorial. R. Salvaterra , B. Schneider , S. J. Smartt , K. Smith , I. A. Smith , S. Srivastav , M. A. P. Torres , C. Ventura , P. Vreeswijk , R. Wainscoat , Y. -J. Yang , S. Yang

EP250108a/SN2025kg: A Magnetar-powered Gamma-Ray Burst Supernova Originating from a Close Helium-star Binary via Isolated Binary Evolution

SN\,2025kg, linked to EP250108a, is among the brightest broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN Ic-BL) known, showing unique helium absorptions, a late-time broad H$\alpha$, and an early bump. In this {\em{Letter}}, we propose a jet-cocoon origin…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-26 Jin-Ping Zhu , Jian-He Zheng , Bing Zhang

EP250827b/SN 2025wkm: An X-ray Flash-Supernova Powered by a Central Engine and Circumstellar Interaction

We present the discovery of EP250827b/SN 2025wkm, an X-ray Flash (XRF) discovered by the Einstein Probe (EP), accompanied by a broad-line Type Ic supernova (SN Ic-BL) at $z = 0.1194$. EP250827b possesses a prompt X-ray luminosity of $\sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-07 Gokul P. Srinivasaragavan , Dongyue Li , Xander J. Hall , Ore Gottlieb , Genevieve Schroeder , Heyang Liu , Brendan O'Connor , Chichuan Jin , Mansi Kasliwal , Tomás Ahumada , Qinyu Wu , Christopher L. Fryer , Annabelle E. Niblett , Dong Xu , Maria Edvige Ravasio , Grace Daja , Wenxiong Li , Shreya Anand , Anna Y. Q. Ho , Hui Sun , Daniel A. Perley , Lin Yan , Eric Burns , S. Bradley Cenko , Jesper Sollerman , Nikhil Sarin , Anthony L. Piro , Amar Aryan , M. Coleman Miller , Jie An , Tao An , Moira Andrews , Jule Augustin , Eric C. Bellm , Aleksandra Bochenek , Malte Busmann , Krittapas Chanchaiworawit , Huaqing Chen , Maria D. Caballero-García , Alberto J. Castro-Tirado , Ali Esamdin , Jennifer Faba-Moreno , Joseph Farah , Emilio Fernández-García , Shaoyu Fu , Johan P. U. Fynbo , Julius Gassert , Estefania Padilla Gonzalez , Ignacio Pérez-García , Matthew Graham , Maria Gritsevich , Daniel Gruen , Sergiy Guziy , D. Andrew Howell , Linbo He , Jingwei Hu , You-Dong Hu , Abdusamatjan Iskandar , Joahan Castaneda Jaims , Ji-An Jiang , Ning Jiang , Shuaijiao Jiang , Runduo Liang , Zhixing Ling , Jialian Liu , Xing Liu , Yuan Liu , Frank J. Masci , Curtis McCully , Megan Newsome , Kanthanakorn Noysena , Shashi B. Pandey , Kangrui Ni , Antonella Palmese , Han-Long Peng , Josiah Purdum , Yu-Jing Qin , Sam Rose , Ben Rusholme , Rubén Sánchez-Ramírez , Cassie Sevilla , Roger Smith , Yujia Song , Niharika Sravan , Robert Stein , Constantin Tabor , Giacomo Terreran , Samaporn Tinyanont , Pablo Vega , Letian Wang , Tinggu Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Siyu Wu , Xuefeng Wu , Kathryn Wynn , Yunfei Xu , Shengyu Yan , Weimin Yuan , Binbin Zhang , Chen Zhang , Zipei Zhu , Xiaoxiong Zuo , Gursimran Bhullar

An extremely soft and weak fast X-ray transient associated with a luminous supernova

Long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), including their subclasses of low-luminosity GRBs (LL-GRBs) and X-ray flashes (XRFs) characterized by low spectral peak energies, are known to be associated with broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL),…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-25 W. -X. Li , Z. -P. Zhu , X. -Z. Zou , J. -J. Geng , L. -D. Liu , Y. -H. Wang , R. -Z. Li , D. Xu , H. Sun , X. -F. Wang , Y. -W. Yu , B. Zhang , X. -F. Wu , Y. Yang , A. V. Filippenko , X. -W. Liu , W. -M. Yuan , D. Aguado , J. An , T. An , D. A. H. Buckley , A. J. Castro-Tirado , S. -Y. Fu , J. P. U. Fynbo , D. A. Howell , J. -W. Hu , S. -Q. Jiang , A. Kumar , J. -R. Mao , J. R. Maund , X. Liu , B. Mockler , A. Moskvitin , M. Andrews , C. R. Bom , T. G. Brink , K. Chatterjee , Y. Chen , H. -Q. Cheng , J. Cooke , J. L. Dai , G. -W. Du , N. Erasmus , Y. Fang , J. Farah , V. Goranskij , M. Gritsevich , M. Gu , Z. Guo , E. Hsiao , Y. -D. Hu , Y. -L. Hua , W. Jacobson-Galán , S. -M. Jia , C. -C. Jin , M. M. Kasliwal , C. D. Kilpatrick , B. Kumar , W. -H. Lei , C. -K. Li , D. -Y. Li , L. -P. Li , Z. -X. Ling , Q. -C. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. -Q. Liu , A. López-Oramas , O. Maslennikova , C. McCully , I. Monageng , M. Newsone , E. Padilla Gonzalez , H. -W. Pan , H. -W. Peng , G. Pignata , F. Poidevin , S. B. Potter , I. Pérez-Fournon , L. Santana-Silva , A. Santos , C. -Y. Song , F. -F. Song , O. Spiridonova , N. -C. Sun , X. -J. Sun , G. Terreran , L. -Z. Wang , L. -F. Wang , B. -T. Wang , Z. -Y. Wang , G. -L. Wu , D. -F. Xiang , H. -F. Xiao , Y. -F. Xu , S. -J. Xue , S. -Y. Yan , Y. -P. Yang , L. -X. Yu , Y. -H. Zhang , Y. -H. Zhang , C. Zhang , J. -H. Zhang , J. -J. Zhang , W. Zheng , H. Zou

Hydrodynamical modeling of SN 2025kg associated with the Fast X-ray Transient EP250108a

Supernovae (SNe) associated with X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) are extremely rare. Therefore, the discovery of each new object in this class offers a unique opportunity to improve our understanding about their origins and potential connection with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-29 L. M. Roman Aguilar , M. C. Bersten

SN2010jp (PTF10aaxi): A Jet-Driven Type II Supernova

We present photometry and spectroscopy of the peculiar TypeII supernova (SN) 2010jp, also named PTF10aaxi. The light curve exhibits a linear decline with a relatively low peak absolute magnitude of only -15.9, and a low radioactive decay…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Nathan Smith , S. Bradley Cenko , Nat Butler , Joshua S. Bloom , Mansi M. Kasliwal , Assaf Horesh , Shrinivas R. Kulkarni , Nicholas M. Law , Peter E. Nugent , Eran O. Ofek , Dovi Poznanski , Robert M. Quimby , Branimir Sesar , Sagi Ben-Ami , Iair Arcavi , Avishay Gal-Yam , David Polishook , Dong Xu , Ofer Yaron , Dale A. Frail , Mark Sullivan

Late-Time Optical and X-ray Emission Evolution of the Oxygen-Rich SN 1996cr

When the ejecta of supernovae interact with the progenitor star's circumstellar environment, a strong shock is driven back into the ejecta, causing the material to become bright optically and in X-rays. Most notably, as the shock traverses…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-18 Daniel Patnaude , Kathryn Weil , Robert Fesen , Dan Milisavljevic , Ralph Kraft

A search for successful and choked jets in nearby broad-lined Type Ic supernovae

The observational link between long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and broad-lined stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) is well established. Significant progress has been made in constraining what fraction of SNe Ic-BL may power…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-15 Tanner O'Dwyer , Alessandra Corsi , Sheng Yang , Shreya Anand , S. Bradley Cenko , Gokul P. Srinivasaragavan , Anna Y. Q. Ho , Jesper Sollerman , Bei Zhou , Arvind Balasubramanian , Po-Wen Chang , Marc Kamionkowski , Daniel Perley , Russ R. Laher , Kohta Murase , Frank J. Masci , Mansi M. Kasliwal , Josiah N. Purdum , Matthew J. Graham

A Multiple Ejecta-Circumstellar Meduim Interaction Model and Its Implications for the Superluminous Supernova iPTF15esb

Recently, a hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN) iPTF15esb at redshift $z=0.224$ was reported, whose light curve (LC) and spectrum show several unusual characteristics. Its late-time spectrum shows a strong, broad H$\alpha $…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-07 Liang-Duan Liu , Ling-Jun Wang , Shan-Qin Wang , Zi-Gao Dai

Unprecedented early flux excess in the hybrid 02es-like type Ia supernova 2022ywc indicates interaction with circumstellar material

We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the 02es-like type Ia supernova (SN) 2022ywc. The transient occurred in the outskirts of an elliptical host galaxy and showed a striking double-peaked light curve with an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-26 Shubham Srivastav , T. Moore , M. Nicholl , M. R. Magee , S. J. Smartt , M. D. Fulton , S. A. Sim , J. M. Pollin , L. Galbany , C. Inserra , A. Kozyreva , Takashi J. Moriya , F. P. Callan , X. Sheng , K. W. Smith , J. S. Sommer , J. P. Anderson , M. Deckers , M. Gromadzki , T. E. Müller-Bravo , G. Pignata , A. Rest , D. R. Young

The kangaroo's first hop: the early fast cooling phase of EP250108a/SN 2025kg

Fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are a rare and poorly understood population of events. Previously difficult to detect in real time, the launch of the Einstein Probe with its wide field X-ray telescope has led to a rapid expansion in the sample…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-27 Rob A. J. Eyles-Ferris , Peter G. Jonker , Andrew J. Levan , Daniele Bjørn Malesani , Nikhil Sarin , Christopher L. Fryer , Jillian C. Rastinejad , Eric Burns , Nial R. Tanvir , Paul T. O'Brien , Wen-fai Fong , Ilya Mandel , Benjamin P. Gompertz , Charles D. Kilpatrick , Steven Bloemen , Joe S. Bright , Francesco Carotenuto , Gregory Corcoran , Laura Cotter , Paul J. Groot , Luca Izzo , Tanmoy Laskar , Antonio Martin-Carrillo , Jesse Palmerio , Maria E. Ravasio , Jan van Roestel , Andrea Saccardi , Rhaana L. C. Starling , Aishwarya Linesh Thakur , Susanna D. Vergani , Paul M. Vreeswijk , Franz E. Bauer , Sergio Campana , Jennifer A. Chacón , Ashley A. Chrimes , Stefano Covino , Joyce N. D. van Dalen , Valerio D'Elia , Massimiliano De Pasquale , Nusrin Habeeb , Dieter H. Hartmann , Agnes P. C. van Hoof , Páll Jakobsson , Yashaswi Julakanti , Giorgos Leloudas , Daniel Mata Sánchez , Christopher J. Nixon , Daniëlle L. A. Pieterse , Giavanna Pugliese , Jonathan Quirola-Vásquez , Ben C. Rayson , Ruben Salvaterra , Ben Schneider , Manuel A. P. Torres , Tayyaba Zafar

EP241021a: a months-duration X-ray transient with luminous optical and radio emission

We present the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient, EP241021a, by the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, and the results from multiwavelength follow-up observations. The transient was first detected with the Wide-field X-ray Telescope as an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-09 Shu Xinwen , Yang Lei , Yang Haonan , Xu Fan , Chen Jinhong , Eyles-Ferris Rob A. J. , Dai Lixin , Yu Yunwei , Shen Rongfeng , Sun Luming , Ding Hucheng , Jiang Ning , Li Wenxiong , Sun Ningchen , Xu Dong , Zheng Weikang , Zhang Zhumao , Jin Chichuan , Rau Arne , Wang Tinggui , Wu Xuefeng , Yuan Weimin , Zhang Bing , Nandra Kirpal , Aguado David S. , An Fangxia , An Tao , An Jie , Andrews Moira , Anutarawiramkul Rungrit , Baldini Pietro , Brink Thomas G. , Butpa Pathompong , Cai Zhiming , Castro-Tirado Alberto J. , Cheng Huaqing , Cui Weiwei , Farah Joseph , Filippenko Alexei V. , Fu Shaoyu , Johan P. U. Fynbo , Gao Xing , Han Dawei , Han Xuhui , Howell D. Andrew , Hu Jingwei , Jiang Shuaiqing , Kumar Amit , Lei Weihua , Li Dongyue , Li Chengkui , Liu Huaqiu , Liu Xing , Liu Yuan , López-Oramas Alicia , Fernández-Nespral David López , Maund Justyn R. , McCully Curtis , Niu Zexi , Newsome Megan , Paul O'Brien , Pan Haiwu , Padilla Gonzalez Estefania , Pérez-Fournon Ismael , Poidevin Frédérick , Silim Walter , Soria Roberto , Sun Hui , Sun Shengli , Sun Xiaojin , Terreran Giacomo , Tinyanont Samaporn , Wang Junxian , Wang Yanan , Wang Yun , Wiersema Klass , Xu Yunfei , Xue Yongquan , Zhang Fabao , Zhang Juan , Zhang Pinpin , Zhang Wenda , Zhang Yonghe , Zhao Haisheng , Zhu Zipei

SN2020bvc: a Broad-lined Type Ic Supernova with a Double-peaked Optical Light Curve and a Luminous X-ray and Radio Counterpart

We present optical, radio, and X-ray observations of SN2020bvc (=ASASSN20bs; ZTF20aalxlis), a nearby ($z=0.0252$; $d$=114 Mpc) broad-lined (BL) Type Ic supernova (SN). Our observations show that SN2020bvc shares several properties in common…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-21 A. Y. Q. Ho , S. R. Kulkarni , D. A. Perley , S. B. Cenko , A. Corsi , S. Schulze , R. Lunnan , J. Sollerman , A. Gal-Yam , S. Anand , C. Barbarino , E. Bellm , R. Bruch , E. Burns , K. De , R. Dekany , A. Delacroix , D. Duev , C. Fremling , D. Goldstein , Z. Golkhou , M. J. Graham , D. Hale , M. M. Kasliwal , T. Kupfer , R. Laher , J. Martikainen , F. J. Masci , J. D. Neill , B. Rusholme , D. L. Shupe , M. T. Soumagnac , N. L. Strotjohann , K. Taggart , L. Tartaglia , L. Yan , J. Zolkower

The Double-Peaked Calcium-Strong SN 2025coe: Progenitor Constraints from Early Interaction and Ejecta Asymmetries

Supernova (SN) 2025coe at a distance of $\sim$25 Mpc is the second-closest calcium-strong (CaST) transient. It was discovered at a large projected offset of $\sim$34 kpc from its potential host galaxy NGC 3277. Multiband photometry of SN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-08 Aravind P. Ravi , Sahana Kumar , Raphael Baer-Way , Stefano Valenti , Maryam Modjaz , Bart F. A. van Baal , Anders Jerkstrand , Yize Dong , Lindsey A. Kwok , Jeniveve Pearson , David J. Sand , Daichi Hiramatsu , Alexei V. Filippenko , Jennifer Andrews , Moira Andrews , Prasiddha Arunachalam , K. Azalee Bostroem , Thomas G. Brink , Collin Christy , Liyang Chen , Kyle W. Davis , Ali Esamdin , Joseph Farah , Ryan J. Foley , Emily Hoang , Griffin Hosseinzadeh , D. Andrew Howell , Brian Hsu , Ruifeng Huang , Abdusamatjan Iskander , Daryl Janzen , Saurabh W. Jha , Ravjit Kaur , Michael J. Lundquist , Curtis McCully , Darshana Mehta , Yuan Qi Ni , Nicolas Meza Retamal , Kishore C. Patra , Conor Ransome , Manisha Shrestha , Nathan Smith , Bhagya Subrayan , Kirsty Taggart , Xiaofeng Wang , Kathryn Wynn , Yi Yang , Shengyu Yan , Weikang Zheng , Dan Coe

Unveiling the nature of the Einstein Probe transient EP 241021a

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the fast X-ray transient EP 241021a, discovered by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope aboard the \emph{Einstein Probe} satellite on 2024 October 21. The event was not detected in gamma-rays. Follow-up…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-14 J. Quirola-Vásquez , P. G. Jonker , A. J. Levan , D. B. Malesani , F. E. Bauer , N. Sarin , G. P. Lamb , A. Martin-Carrillo , J. Sánchez-Sierras , M. Fraser , L. Izzo , M. E. Ravasio , D. Mata Sánchez , M. A. P. Torres , J. N. D. van Dalen , A. P. C. van Hoof , J. A. Chacón , S. Littlefair , V. S. Dhillon , L. Cotter , G. Corcoran , R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris , P. T. O'Brien , D. Stern , V. D'Elia , D. H. Hartmann

Extremely energetic supernova explosions embedded in a massive circumstellar medium: the case of SN 2016aps

We perform one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of energetic supernova ejecta colliding with a massive circumstellar medium (CSM) aiming at explaining SN 2016aps, likely the brightest supernova observed to date. SN 2016aps was…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-24 Akihiro Suzuki , Matt Nicholl , Takashi J. Moriya , Tomoya Takiwaki

The Type IIn SN 2025cbj coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-250421A

Context. The origin of the astrophysical high-energy neutrino flux remains uncertain. Core-collapse supernovae with strong CSM interaction (Type IIn) are compelling candidates for efficient hadronic acceleration and neutrino production.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-10 S. Garrappa , E. A. Zimmerman , T. Wasserman , E. O. Ofek , A. Gal-Yam , R. Konno , P. Chen , O. Yaron , S. Ben-Ami , C. M. Copperwheat , S. Fainer , A. Horowicz , A. Humpe , P. A. Mazzali , D. Polishook , E. Segre , S. A. Spitzer

SN 2024iss: A Double-peaked Type IIb Supernova with Evidence of Circumstellar Interaction

We present optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray observations of supernova (SN) 2024iss, a Type IIb SN that shows a prominent double-peaked light curve. We modeled the first peak with a semianalytical shock-cooling model and the X-ray emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-28 Liyang Chen , Xiaofeng Wang , Qinyu Wu , Moira Andrews , Joseph Farah , Paolo Ochner , Andrea Reguitti , Thomas G. Brink , Jujia Zhang , Cuiying Song , Jialian Liu , Alexei V. Filippenko , David J. Sand , Irene Albanese , Kate D. Alexander , Jennifer Andrews , K. Azalee Bostroem , Yongzhi Cai , Collin Christy , Ali Esamdin , Andrea Farina , Noah Franz , D. Andrew Howell , Brian Hsu , Maokai Hu , Abdusamatjan Iskandar , Liping Li , Gaici Li , Dongyue Li , Wenxiong Li , Jinzhong Liu , Curtis McCully , Megan Newsome , Yuan Qi Ni , Andrea Pastorello , Estefania Padilla Gonzalez , Jeniveve Pearson , Haowei Peng , Conor Ransome , Manisha Shrestha , Nathan Smith , Bhagya Subrayan , Giacomo Terreran , Giorgio Valerin , J. Vinkó , Sergiy S. Vasylyev , Letian Wang , Zhenyu Wang , Hao Wang , J. Craig Wheeler , Kathryn Wynn , Danfeng Xiang , Shengyu Yan , Weimin Yuan , Juan Zhang , WeiKang Zheng , Yu Zhang

Multi-wavelength study of EP250416a / GRB 250416C: An Optically Dark Long GRB with a Late Jet Break

We present multi-wavelength study of the $\gamma$/X-ray transient EP250416a (also designated GRB 250416C), triggered by the Einstein Probe (EP) Wide-field X-ray Telescope and also by SVOM and Konus-Wind. Observations spanning the gamma-ray,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-24 Guoying Zhao , Duo-Le Cao , Rong-Feng Shen , Hui Sun , Chi-Chuan Jin , Wei-Min Yuan , Chen-Wei Wang , Shao-Lin Xiong , Dmitry Svinkin , Dong Xu , Shuai-Qing Jiang , Peter G. Jonker , Yun Wang , Hao Zhou , Chang Zhou , Xinlei Chen , Kaushik Chatterjee , Xue-Feng Wu , Xiao-Feng Wang , Chun Chen , Yuan Liu , Andrew J. Levan , Jennifer Alexandra Chacon Chavez , Jonathan Quirola-Vásquez , Franz E. Bauer , Antonio Martin-Carrillo , Gregory Corcoran , Daniele B. Malesani , Dmitry Frederiks , Anna Ridnaia , Alexandra L. Lysenko , Mikhail Ulanov

Superluminous supernova 2015bn in the nebular phase: evidence for the engine-powered explosion of a stripped massive star

We present nebular-phase imaging and spectroscopy for the hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova SN 2015bn, at redshift z=0.1136, spanning +250-400 d after maximum light. The light curve exhibits a steepening in the decline rate from 1.4…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-12 M. Nicholl , E. Berger , R. Margutti , R. Chornock , P. K. Blanchard , A. Jerkstrand , S. J. Smartt , I. Arcavi , P. Challis , K. C. Chambers , T. -W. Chen , P. . S. Cowperthwaite , A. Gal-Yam , G. Hosseinzadeh , D. A. Howell , C. Inserra , E. Kankare , E. A. Magnier , K. Maguire , P. A. Mazzali , C. McCully , D. Milisavljevic , K. W. Smith , S. Taubenberger , S. Valenti , R. J. Wainscoat , O. Yaron , D. R. Young