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Recent large language models (LLMs) with enormous model sizes use many GPUs to meet memory capacity requirements incurring substantial costs for token generation. To provide cost-effective LLM inference with relaxed latency constraints,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sanghyeon Lee , Hongbeen Kim , Soojin Hwang , Guseul Heo , Minwoo Noh , Jaehyuk Huh

The AI datacenters are currently being deployed on a large scale to support the training and deployment of power-intensive large-language models (LLMs). Extensive amount of computation and cooling required in datacenters increase concerns…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Nardos Belay Abera , Yize Chen

Large Language Models have revolutionized natural language processing, yet serving them efficiently in data centers remains challenging due to mixed workloads comprising latency-sensitive (LS) and best-effort (BE) jobs. Existing inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Mohammad Siavashi , Faezeh Keshmiri Dindarloo , Dejan Kostic , Marco Chiesa

Large language models represent a groundbreaking shift in generative AI. Yet, these advances come with a significant challenge: the high cost of model serving. To mitigate these costs, consumer-grade GPUs emerge as a more affordable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Lewei Jin , Yongqi Chen , Kui Zhang , Yifan Zhuo , Yi Gao , Bowei Yang , Zhengong Cai , Wei Dong

Agentic workflows are composed of sequences of interdependent Large Language Model (LLM) calls, and they have become a dominant workload in modern AI systems. These workflows exhibit extensive redundancy from overlapping prompts and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Noppanat Wadlom , Junyi Shen , Yao Lu

Due to rising demands for Artificial Inteligence (AI) inference, especially in higher education, novel solutions utilising existing infrastructure are emerging. The utilisation of High-Performance Computing (HPC) has become a prevalent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Tim Trappen , Robert Keßler , Roland Pabel , Viktor Achter , Stefan Wesner

Achieving human-like spatial intelligence for vision-language models (VLMs) requires inferring 3D structures from 2D observations, recognizing object properties and relations in 3D space, and performing high-level spatial reasoning. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Huizhi Liang , Yichao Shen , Yu Deng , Sicheng Xu , Zhiyuan Feng , Tong Zhang , Yaobo Liang , Jiaolong Yang

A long-standing goal in both industry and academia is to develop an LLM inference platform that is portable across hardware architectures, eliminates the need for low-level hand-tuning, and still delivers best-in-class efficiency. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Burkhard Ringlein , Jan van Lunteren , Radu Stoica , Thomas Parnell

Modern large language models (LLMs) increasingly depends on efficient long-context processing and generation mechanisms, including sparse attention, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), and compressed contextual memory, to support complex…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zifan He , Rui Ma , Yizhou Sun , Jason Cong

Existing knowledge-grounded dialogue systems typically use finetuned versions of a pretrained language model (LM) and large-scale knowledge bases. These models typically fail to generalize on topics outside of the knowledge base, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Zihan Liu , Mostofa Patwary , Ryan Prenger , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Wei Ping , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro

In this paper, we introduce a method for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), inspired by Multi-Task learning in a federated manner. Our approach leverages the structure of each client's model and enables a learning scheme that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ahmed Elbakary , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Tamer ElBatt , Karim Seddik , Mehdi Bennis

Knowledge enhanced pre-trained language models (K-PLMs) are shown to be effective for many public tasks in the literature but few of them have been successfully applied in practice. To address this problem, we propose K-AID, a systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Fu Sun , Feng-Lin Li , Ruize Wang , Qianglong Chen , Xingyi Cheng , Ji Zhang

With the breakthrough progress of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing and multimodal tasks, efficiently deploying them on resource-constrained edge devices has become a critical challenge. The Mixture of Experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Tuo Zhang , Ning Li , Xin Yuan , Wenchao Xu , Quan Chen , Song Guo , Haijun Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) gain traction, their reliance on power-hungry GPUs places ever-increasing energy demands, raising environmental and monetary concerns. Inference dominates LLM workloads, presenting a critical challenge for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Andreas Kosmas Kakolyris , Dimosthenis Masouros , Petros Vavaroutsos , Sotirios Xydis , Dimitrios Soudris

Metadata attributes (e.g., user and product IDs from reviews) can be incorporated as additional inputs to neural-based NLP models, by modifying the architecture of the models, in order to improve their performance. Recent models however…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Reinald Kim Amplayo , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee

Long-term conversational large language model (LLM) agents require memory systems that can recover relevant evidence from historical interactions without overwhelming the answer stage with irrelevant context. However, existing memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shuqi Cao , Jingyi He , Fei Tan

Improving the visual understanding ability of vision-language models (VLMs) is crucial for enhancing their performance across various tasks. While using multiple pretrained visual experts has shown great promise, it often incurs significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Yimu Wang , Mozhgan Nasr Azadani , Sean Sedwards , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Tabular data contains rich structural semantics and plays a crucial role in organizing and manipulating information. Recent methods employ Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to address table-related tasks across various modalities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haolan Wang , Zhenghao Liu , Xinze Li , Xiaocui Yang , Yu Gu , Yukun Yan , Qi Shi , Fangfang Li , Chong Chen , Ge Yu

Deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) have been widely applied in Internet companies. The embedding tables of DLRMs are too large to fit on GPU memory entirely. We propose a GPU-based software cache approaches to dynamically manage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Jiarui Fang , Geng Zhang , Jiatong Han , Shenggui Li , Zhengda Bian , Yongbin Li , Jin Liu , Yang You

Multi-step retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted strategy for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on tasks that demand global comprehension and intensive reasoning. Although many RAG systems incorporate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chulun Zhou , Chunkang Zhang , Guoxin Yu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Wai Lam , Mo Yu
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