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Federated Learning (FL) faces major challenges regarding communication overhead and model privacy when training large language models (LLMs), especially in healthcare applications. To address these, we introduce Selective Attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yue Li , Lihong Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) enables mobile edge devices, functioning as clients, to collaboratively train a decentralized model while ensuring local data privacy. However, the efficiency of FL in wireless networks is limited not only by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yanbing Yang , Huiling Zhu , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Changrun Chen , Jiangzhou Wang

In this work, we tackle the problem of performing multi-label classification in the case of extremely heterogeneous data and with decentralized Machine Learning. Solving this issue is very important in IoT scenarios, where data coming from…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Rastko Gajanin , Anastasiya Danilenka , Andrea Morichetta , Stefan Nastic

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data but suffers from limited scalability, high communication costs, and privacy risks due to its centralized architecture. This paper proposes FedSelect-ME, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hanie Vatani , Reza Ebrahimi Atani

Active learning (AL) is a training paradigm for selecting unlabeled samples for annotation to improve model performance on a test set, which is useful when only a limited number of samples can be annotated. These algorithms often work by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lorenzo Jaime Yu Flores , Cesare Spinoso di-Piano , Ori Ernst , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Imbalanced datasets pose a considerable challenge in training deep learning (DL) models for medical diagnostics, particularly for segmentation tasks. Imbalance may be associated with annotation quality limited annotated datasets, rare…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Bashir Alam , Masa Cirkovic , Mete Harun Akcay , Md Kaf Shahrier , Sebastien Lafond , Hergys Rexha , Kurt Benke , Sepinoud Azimi , Janan Arslan

Active learning (AL) is a promising ML paradigm that has the potential to parse through large unlabeled data and help reduce annotation cost in domains where labeling data can be prohibitive. Recently proposed neural network based AL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Prateek Munjal , Nasir Hayat , Munawar Hayat , Jamshid Sourati , Shadab Khan

Active learning (AL) on attributed graphs has received increasing attention with the prevalence of graph-structured data. Although AL has been widely studied for alleviating label sparsity issues with the conventional non-related data, how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Yayong Li , Jie Yin , Ling Chen

Purpose: Manual annotations for training deep learning (DL) models in auto-segmentation are time-intensive. This study introduces a hybrid representation-enhanced sampling strategy that integrates both density and diversity criteria within…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-21 Ganping Li , Yoshito Otake , Mazen Soufi , Masashi Taniguchi , Masahide Yagi , Noriaki Ichihashi , Keisuke Uemura , Masaki Takao , Nobuhiko Sugano , Yoshinobu Sato

Batch active learning (BAL) is a crucial technique for reducing labeling costs and improving data efficiency in training large-scale deep learning models. Traditional BAL methods often rely on metrics like Mahalanobis Distance to balance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Guofeng Cui , Yang Liu , Pichao Wang , Hankai Hsu , Xiaohang Sun , Xiang Hao , Zhu Liu

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning technique that preserves data privacy by sharing only the trained parameters instead of the client data. This makes FL ideal for highly dynamic, heterogeneous, and time-critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Kasun Eranda Wijethilake , Adnan Mahmood , Quan Z. Sheng

Split Federated Learning (SplitFed) combines federated and split learning to preserve privacy while reducing client-side computation. However, in medical image segmentation, heterogeneous label quality across clients can significantly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Zahra Hafezi Kafshgari , Hadi Hadizadeh , Parvaneh Saeedi

Federated learning is a promising paradigm that utilizes distributed client resources while preserving data privacy. Most existing FL approaches assume clients possess labeled data, however, in real-world scenarios, client-side labels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Byoungjun Park , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão , Dongjin Ji , Minhoe Kim

Machine Learning (ML) is widely used to automatically extract meaningful information from Electronic Health Records (EHR) to support operational, clinical, and financial decision-making. However, ML models require a large number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Martha Dais Ferreira , Michal Malyska , Nicola Sahar , Riccardo Miotto , Fernando Paulovich , Evangelos Milios

Operators from various industries have been pushing the adoption of wireless sensing nodes for industrial monitoring, and such efforts have produced sizeable condition monitoring datasets that can be used to build diagnosis algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Hao Lu , Adam Thelen , Olga Fink , Chao Hu , Simon Laflamme

Federated learning (FL) has become a promising answer to facilitating privacy-preserving collaborative learning in distributed IoT devices. However, device heterogeneity is a key challenge because IoT networks include devices with very…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ali Salimi , Saadat Izadi , Mahmood Ahmadi , Hadi Tabatabaee Malazi

Split Learning (SL) is a promising collaborative machine learning approach, enabling resource-constrained devices to train models without sharing raw data, while reducing computational load and preserving privacy simultaneously. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yunrui Sun , Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Dunbo Cai

Deep learning models, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs), have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various computer vision tasks such as object classification, detection, segmentation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Vipul Arya , S. H. Shabbeer Basha , Srikrishna U N , Sunainha Vijay , Snehasis Mukherjee

The increasing reliance on human preference feedback to judge AI-generated pseudo labels has created a pressing need for principled, budget-conscious data acquisition strategies. We address the crucial question of how to optimally allocate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-13 Zihan Dong , Xiaotian Hou , Ruijia Wu , Linjun Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative approach in healthcare, enabling collaborative model training across decentralized data sources while preserving user privacy. However, performance of FL rapidly degrades in practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Sushilkumar Yadav , Irem Bor-Yaliniz