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Semantic communications mark a paradigm shift from bit-accurate transmission toward meaning-centric communication, essential as wireless systems approach theoretical capacity limits. The emergence of generative AI has catalyzed generative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Hai-Long Qin , Jincheng Dai , Guo Lu , Shuo Shao , Sixian Wang , Tongda Xu , Wenjun Zhang , Ping Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Remote sensing change detection is crucial for understanding the dynamics of our planet's surface, facilitating the monitoring of environmental changes, evaluating human impact, predicting future trends, and supporting decision-making. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Wele Gedara Chaminda Bandara , Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Vishal M. Patel

Semantic communication (SemCom) systems aim to learn the mapping from low-dimensional semantics to high-dimensional ground-truth. While this is more akin to a "domain translation" problem, existing frameworks typically emphasize on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Mehdi Letafati , Samad Ali , Matti Latva-aho

Given coarser-resolution projections from global climate models or satellite data, the downscaling problem aims to estimate finer-resolution regional climate data, capturing fine-scale spatial patterns and variability. Downscaling is any…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Subhankar Ghosh , Arun Sharma , Jayant Gupta , Aneesh Subramanian , Shashi Shekhar

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have emerged as a powerful class of deep generative models, achieving remarkable performance in image synthesis tasks. However, these models face challenges in terms of widespread adoption due to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Kidist Amde Mekonnen , Nicola Dall'Asen , Paolo Rota

A fundamental challenge in numerical weather prediction is to efficiently produce high-resolution forecasts. A common solution is applying downscaling methods, which include dynamical downscaling and statistical downscaling, to the outputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Honglu Sun , Hao Jing , Zhixiang Dai , Sa Xiao , Wei Xue , Jian Sun , Qifeng Lu

Digital twins (DTs) are promising for wireless deployment, optimization, and data generation, but building a propagation-faithful twin from sparse real measurements remains difficult. This paper proposes a wireless environment digital twin…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Junjie Ai , Shurui Xu , Yanqing Ren , Zhuoyu Liu , Weicong Chen , Wankai Tang , Xiao Li , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

World models learn to predict the temporal evolution of visual observations given a control signal, potentially enabling agents to reason about environments through forward simulation. Because of the focus on forward simulation, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Yiqing Shen , Aiza Maksutova , Chenjia Li , Mathias Unberath

Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) perturb data to a target noise distribution and reverse this process to generate samples. The choice of noising process, or inference diffusion process, affects both likelihoods and sample quality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Raghav Singhal , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

We present a conditional diffusion model for electromagnetic inverse design that generates structured media geometries directly from target differential scattering cross-section profiles, bypassing expensive iterative optimization. Our 1D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mikhail Tsukerman , Konstantin Grotov , Pavel Ginzburg

Pansharpening seeks to fuse high-resolution panchromatic (PAN) and low-resolution multispectral (LRMS) images into a single image with both fine spatial and rich spectral detail. Despite progress in deep learning-based approaches, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hancong Jin , Zihan Cao , Liang-jian Deng , Jingjing Li

Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is critical for boosting 6G wireless network capacity. Nevertheless, high dimensional Channel State Information (CSI) acquisition becomes the bottleneck of 6G massive MIMO system. Recently,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Haoyu Wang , Zhi Sun , Shuangfeng Han , Xiaoyun Wang , Shidong Zhou , Zhaocheng Wang

With 5G deployment and the evolution toward 6G, mobile networks must make decisions in highly dynamic environments under strict latency, energy, and spectrum constraints. Achieving this goal, however, depends on prior knowledge of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Lei Li , Yanqing Xu , Ye Xue , Feng Yin , Chao Shen , Rui Zhang , Tsung-Hui Chang

Many interesting tasks in image restoration can be cast as linear inverse problems. A recent family of approaches for solving these problems uses stochastic algorithms that sample from the posterior distribution of natural images given the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Bahjat Kawar , Michael Elad , Stefano Ermon , Jiaming Song

Beam training and prediction in real-world millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications systems are challenging due to rapidly time-varying channels and strong interference from surrounding objects. In this context, widely available sensors,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Mengyuan Ma , Isuri Welgamage , Ahmed Alkhateeb , A. Lee Swindlehurst , Markku Juntti , Nhan Thanh Nguyen

Inverse design refers to the problem of optimizing the input of an objective function in order to enact a target outcome. For many real-world engineering problems, the objective function takes the form of a simulator that predicts how the…

Effective hydrological modeling and extreme weather analysis demand precipitation data at a kilometer-scale resolution, which is significantly finer than the 10 km scale offered by standard global products like IMERG. To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Chugang Yi , Minghan Yu , Weikang Qian , Yixin Wen , Haizhao Yang

Channel modelling is essential to designing modern wireless communication systems. The increasing complexity of channel modelling and the cost of collecting high-quality wireless channel data have become major challenges. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Ushnish Sengupta , Chinkuo Jao , Alberto Bernacchia , Sattar Vakili , Da-shan Shiu

Inverse design aims to find design parameters $x$ achieving target performance $y^*$. Generative approaches learn bidirectional mappings between designs and labels, enabling diverse solution sampling. However, standard conditional flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Miguel de Campos , Werner Krebs , Hanno Gottschalk

Score-based diffusion models have significantly advanced generative deep learning for image processing. Measurement conditioned models have also been applied to inverse problems such as CT reconstruction. However, the conventional approach,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Matthew Tivnan , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li
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