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Related papers: Evaluating and Mitigating Bias in AI-Based Medical…

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While deep learning holds great promise for disease diagnosis and prognosis in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, its progress is often constrained by highly imbalanced and biased training datasets. To address this issue, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Grzegorz Skorupko , Richard Osuala , Zuzanna Szafranowska , Kaisar Kushibar , Vien Ngoc Dang , Nay Aung , Steffen E Petersen , Karim Lekadir , Polyxeni Gkontra

Existing text-to-image generative models reflect or even amplify societal biases ingrained in their training data. This is especially concerning for human image generation where models are biased against certain demographic groups. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Robik Shrestha , Yang Zou , Qiuyu Chen , Zhiheng Li , Yusheng Xie , Siqi Deng

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems in healthcare have demonstrated remarkable potential to improve patient outcomes. However, if not designed with fairness in mind, they also carry the risks of perpetuating or exacerbating existing health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Xiaoyang Wang , Christopher C. Yang

In this paper, we address the limitations of existing text-to-image diffusion models in generating demographically fair results when given human-related descriptions. These models often struggle to disentangle the target language context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Jia Li , Lijie Hu , Jingfeng Zhang , Tianhang Zheng , Hua Zhang , Di Wang

Recent advances in generative models have sparked research on improving model fairness with AI-generated data. However, existing methods often face limitations in the diversity and quality of synthetic data, leading to compromised fairness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Zengqun Zhao , Ziquan Liu , Yu Cao , Shaogang Gong , Ioannis Patras

In recent years the development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for automated medical image analysis has gained enormous momentum. At the same time, a large body of work has shown that AI systems can systematically and unfairly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-10 María Agustina Ricci Lara , Candelaria Mosquera , Enzo Ferrante , Rodrigo Echeveste

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are now being utilized in all facets of our lives such as healthcare, education and employment. Since they are used in numerous sensitive environments and make decisions that can be life altering,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

Fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) has become a growing concern due to discriminatory outcomes in AI-based decision-making systems. While various methods have been proposed to mitigate bias, most rely on complete demographic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zichong Wang , Zhipeng Yin , Roland H. C. Yap , Wenbin Zhang

Ensuring equitable Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare demands systems that make unbiased decisions across all demographic groups, bridging technical innovation with ethical principles. Foundation Models (FMs), trained on vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Dilermando Queiroz , Anderson Carlos , André Anjos , Lilian Berton

Ensuring fairness has emerged as one of the primary concerns in AI and its related algorithms. Over time, the field of machine learning fairness has evolved to address these issues. This paper provides an extensive overview of this field…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Quan Zhou

This study delves into the pervasive issue of gender issues in artificial intelligence (AI), specifically within automatic scoring systems for student-written responses. The primary objective is to investigate the presence of gender biases,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Ehsan Latif , Xiaoming Zhai , Lei Liu

With the widespread use of AI systems and applications in our everyday lives, it is important to take fairness issues into consideration while designing and engineering these types of systems. Such systems can be used in many sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Ninareh Mehrabi , Fred Morstatter , Nripsuta Saxena , Kristina Lerman , Aram Galstyan

As AI becomes prevalent in high-risk domains and decision-making, it is essential to test for potential harms and biases. This urgency is reflected by the global emergence of AI regulations that emphasise fairness and adequate testing, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Varsha Ramineni , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are not intrinsically neutral and biases trickle in any type of technological tool. In particular when dealing with people, the impact of AI algorithms' technical errors originating with mislabeled data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Camilla Quaresmini , Giuseppe Primiero

Machine Learning models have been deployed across many different aspects of society, often in situations that affect social welfare. Although these models offer streamlined solutions to large problems, they may contain biases and treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Tal Feldman , Ashley Peake

AI-based image reconstruction models are increasingly deployed in clinical workflows to improve image quality from noisy data, such as low-dose X-rays or accelerated MRI scans. However, these models are typically evaluated using pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Matteo Wohlrapp , Niklas Bubeck , Daniel Rueckert , William Lotter

Medical Question Answering systems based on Retrieval Augmented Generation is promising for clinical decision support because they can integrate external knowledge, thus reducing inaccuracies inherent in standalone large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yuelyu Ji , Hang Zhang , Yanshan Wang

Deep neural networks excel in medical imaging but remain prone to biases, leading to fairness gaps across demographic groups. We provide the first systematic exploration of Human-AI alignment and fairness in this domain. Our results show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Haozhe Luo , Ziyu Zhou , Zixin Shu , Aurélie Pahud de Mortanges , Robert Berke , Mauricio Reyes

As AI systems increasingly influence critical sectors like telecommunications, finance, healthcare, and public services, ensuring fairness in decision-making is essential to prevent biased or unjust outcomes that disproportionately affect…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Avinash Agarwal , Mayashankar Kumar , Manisha J. Nene

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved expert-level performance in medical imaging applications. Notably, self-supervised vision-language foundation models can detect a broad spectrum of pathologies without relying on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Yuzhe Yang , Yujia Liu , Xin Liu , Avanti Gulhane , Domenico Mastrodicasa , Wei Wu , Edward J Wang , Dushyant W Sahani , Shwetak Patel