Related papers: Scalable Parallel Single-Electron Pumps in Silicon…
A macroscopic fluid pump works according to the law of Newtonian mechanics and transfers a large number of molecules per cycle (of the order of 10^23). By contrast, a nano-scale charge pump can be thought as the ultimate miniaturization of…
With the anticipated redefinition of the international system of units (SI) the base units will be linked to fundamental constants of nature [1]. As for the electrical base unit "Ampere", it will be linked to the elementary charge e,…
We perform in-situ detection of individual electrons pumped through a single-electron turnstile based on ultrasmall normal metal - insulator - superconductor tunnel junctions. In our setup, limited by the detector bandwidth, at low…
In this article we introduce a novel coupled algorithm for massively parallel direct numerical simulations of electrophoresis in microfluidic flows. This multiphysics algorithm employs an Eulerian description of fluid and ions, combined…
We present an efficient machine learning based automated framework for the fast tuning of single-electron pump devices into current quantization regimes. It uses a sparse measurement approach based on an iterative active learning algorithm…
The fabrication of single atom transistors paved the way for electronics based on single dopants. Recently the spectrum of a single dopant was measured electrically by coupling two such devices. The next step towards promising…
Precise manipulation of individual charge carriers in nanoelectronic circuits underpins practical applications of their most basic quantum property --- the universality and invariance of the elementary charge. A charge pump generates a net…
This paper presents a proof-of-concept demonstration of the Skipper-CCD, a sensor with single-electron counting capability, as a promising technology for implementing an electron-pump-based current source. Relying on its single-electron…
Single electron pumps are set to revolutionize electrical metrology by enabling the ampere to be re-defined in terms of the elementary charge of an electron. Pumps based on lithographically-fixed tunnel barriers in mesoscopic metallic…
We have studied the acoustoelectric current in single-electron pumps driven by surface acoustic waves. We have found that in certain parameter ranges two different sets of quantized steps dominate the acoustoelectric current versus…
The quantized current generated by a quantum dot pump is calculated numerically. The numerical simulation is done by dividing the time varying potential into many static potentials with a short time interval and calculating the electron…
We demonstrate the robust operation of a gallium arsenide tunable-barrier single-electron pump operating with 1 part-per-million accuracy at a temperature of $1.3$~K and a pumping frequency of $500$~MHz. The accuracy of current quantisation…
The advancement of scalable quantum information processing relies on the accurate and parallel manipulation of a vast number of qubits, potentially reaching into the millions. Superconducting qubits, traditionally controlled through…
Controlled charge pumping in an AlGaAs/GaAs gated nanowire by single-parameter modulation is studied experimentally and theoretically. Transfer of integral multiples of the elementary charge per modulation cycle is clearly demonstrated. A…
We review recent precision measurements on semiconductor tunable-barrier electron pumps operating in a ratchet mode. Seven studies on five different designs of pumps have reported measurements of the pump current with relative total…
Controlled breakdown has recently emerged as a highly accessible technique to fabricate solid-state nanopores. However, in its most common form, controlled breakdown creates a single nanopore at an arbitrary location in the membrane. Here,…
We report CMOS-compatible quantized current sources (electron pumps) fabricated with nanowires (NWs) on 300 mm SOI wafers. Unlike other Al, GaAs or Si based metallic or semiconductor pumps, the fabrication does not rely on electron-beam…
Quantum computing enables parallelism through superposition and entanglement and offers advantages over classical computing architectures. However, due to the limitations of current quantum hardware in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum…
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a solid-state spin defect that has been widely adopted for quantum sensing and quantum information processing applications. Typically, experiments are performed either with a single isolated NV…
The Electron Counting Capacitance Standard currently pursued at PTB aims to close the Quantum Metrological Triangle with a final precision of a few parts in 10^7. This paper reports the considerable progress recently achieved with a new…