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LSM-tree is a widely adopted data structure in modern key-value store systems that optimizes write performance in write-heavy applications by using append writes to achieve sequential writes. However, the unpredictability of LSM-tree…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yina Lv , Qiao Li , Quanqing Xu , Congming Gao , Chuanhui Yang , Xiaoli Wang , Chun Jason Xue

LSM-tree-based data stores are widely adopted in industries for their excellent performance. As data scales increase, disk-based join operations become indispensable yet costly for the database, making the selection of suitable join methods…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Weiping Yu , Fan Wang , Xuwei Zhang , Siqiang Luo

The growing volume of graph data may exhaust the main memory. It is crucial to design a disk-based graph storage system to ingest updates and analyze graphs efficiently. However, existing dynamic graph storage systems suffer from read or…

LSM-trees are widely adopted as the storage backend of key-value stores. However, optimizing the system performance under dynamic workloads has not been sufficiently studied or evaluated in previous work. To fill the gap, we present RusKey,…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Dingheng Mo , Fanchao Chen , Siqiang Luo , Caihua Shan

Database Management Systems and K/V-Stores operate on updatable datasets -- massively exceeding the size of available main memory. Tree-based K/V storage management structures became particularly popular in storage engines. B+ Trees allow…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Christian Riegger , Ilia Petrov

The Log Structured Merge Trees (LSM-tree) based key-value stores are widely used in many storage systems to support a variety of operations such as updates, point reads, and range reads. Traditionally, LSM-tree's merge policy organizes data…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Fuheng Zhao , Zach Miller , Leron Reznikov , Divyakant Agrawal , Amr El Abbadi

Scan-based operations, such as backstage compaction and value filtering, have emerged as the main bottleneck for LSM-Trees in supporting contemporary data-intensive applications. For slower external storage devices, such as HDD and SATA…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jianfeng Huang , Ziyao Wang , Lin Yuan , Jiajie Wen , Yihao Cao , Dongjing Miao , Yong Wang , Jiahao Zhang

Log-Structured Merge-trees (LSM-trees) have been widely used in modern NoSQL systems. Due to their out-of-place update design, LSM-trees have introduced memory walls among the memory components of multiple LSM-trees and between the write…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

Modern key-value storage engines built on Log-Structured Merge-trees (LSM-trees), such as RocksDB and LevelDB, rely heavily on the performance of their compaction operations, which are impacted by a complex set of interdependent…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jiabiao Ding , Yina Lv , Qiao Li , Zhirong Shen , Chun Jason Xue

The Log Structured Merge (LSM) Tree is a popular choice for key-value stores that focus on optimized write throughput while maintaining performant, production-ready read latencies. To optimize read performance, LSM stores rely on a…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Hayder Tirmazi

Recently, the Log-Structured Merge-tree (LSM-tree) has been widely adopted for use in the storage layer of modern NoSQL systems. Because of this, there have been a large number of research efforts, from both the database community and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-07-22 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

The Log-Structured Merge-Tree (LSM-tree) has been widely adopted for use in modern NoSQL systems for its superior write performance. Despite the popularity of LSM-trees, they have been criticized for suffering from write stalls and large…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

Log-Structured Merge (LSM) Trees provide a tiered data storage and retrieval paradigm that is attractive for write-optimized data systems. Maintaining an efficient buffer in memory and deferring updates past their initial write-time, the…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Aron Szanto

Log-Structured Merge trees (LSM trees) are increasingly used as part of the storage engine behind several data systems, and are frequently deployed in the cloud. As the number of applications relying on LSM-based storage backends increases,…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Andy Huynh , Harshal A. Chaudhari , Evimaria Terzi , Manos Athanassoulis

Log-structured merge (LSM) trees offer efficient ingestion by appending incoming data, and thus, are widely used as the storage layer of production NoSQL data stores. To enable competitive read performance, LSM-trees periodically…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Subhadeep Sarkar , Dimitris Staratzis , Zichen Zhu , Manos Athanassoulis

The log-structured merge tree (LSM-tree) gains wide popularity in building key-value (KV) stores. It employs logs to back up arriving KV pairs and maintains a few on-disk levels with exponentially increasing capacity limits, resembling a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Yanpeng Hu , Chundong Wang

LSM-based key-value (KV) stores are an important component in modern data infrastructures. However, they suffer from high tail latency, in the order of several seconds, making them less attractive for user-facing applications. In this…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Giorgos Xanthakis , Antonios Katsarakis , Giorgos Saloustros , Angelos Bilas

Modern key-value stores rely heavily on Log-Structured Merge (LSM) trees for write optimization, but this design introduces significant read amplification. Auxiliary structures like Bloom filters help, but impose memory costs that scale…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Nicholas Fidalgo , Puyuan Ye

Log-Structured Merge trees (LSM trees) are increasingly used as the storage engines behind several data systems, frequently deployed in the cloud. Similar to other database architectures, LSM trees take into account information about the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Andy Huynh , Harshal A. Chaudhari , Evimaria Terzi , Manos Athanassoulis

We use machine learning to optimize LSM-tree structure, aiming to reduce the cost of processing various read/write operations. We introduce a new approach Camal, which boasts the following features: (1) ML-Aided: Camal is the first attempt…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Weiping Yu , Siqiang Luo , Zihao Yu , Gao Cong
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