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We explore the notion of degree of asymmetry for integer sequences and related combinatorial objects. The degree of asymmetry is a new combinatorial statistic that measures how far an object is from being symmetric. We define this notion…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-14 Sergi Elizalde , Emeric Deutsch

A simple permutation is one which maps no proper non-singleton interval onto an interval. We consider the enumeration of simple permutations from several aspects. Our results include a straightforward relationship between the ordinary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. H. Albert , M. D. Atkinson , M. Klazar

We introduce an algorithm that conjectures the structure of a permutation class in the form of a disjoint cover of "rules"; similar to generalized grid classes. The cover is usually easily verified by a human and translated into an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-12 Christian Bean , Bjarki Gudmundsson , Henning Ulfarsson

A decomposition of a natural number n is a sequence of consecutive natural numbers that sums to n. We construct a one-to-one correspondence between the odd factors of a natural number and its decompositions. We study the decompositions by…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Wai Yan Pong

The starting point of this work is an equality between two quantities $A$ and $B$ found in the literature, which involve the {\em doubling-modulo-an-odd-integer} map, i.e., $x\in {\mathbb N} \mapsto 2x \bmod{(2n+1)}$ for some positive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jean-Paul Allouche , Manon Stipulanti , Jia-Yan Yao

We consider the well-studied pattern counting problem: given a permutation $\pi \in \mathbb{S}_n$ and an integer $k > 1$, count the number of order-isomorphic occurrences of every pattern $\tau \in \mathbb{S}_k$ in $\pi$. Our first result…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Gal Beniamini , Nir Lavee

Motivated by the problem of constructing bijective maps with low differential uniformity, we introduce the notion of permutation resemblance of a function, which looks to measure the distance a given map is from being a permutation. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Li-An Chen , Robert S. Coulter

In this dissertation, we explore the structure of inversion graphs of permutations--a class of graphs that naturally arises by representing each permutation as a graph, where vertices correspond to entries and edges encode inversions.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Sean Mandrick

Let $(X, d)$ be a semimetric space. A permutation $\Phi$ of the set $X$ is a combinatorial self similarity of $(X, d)$ if there is a bijective function $f \colon d(X^2) \to d(X^2)$ such that $$ d(x, y) = f(d(\Phi(x), \Phi(y))) $$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-16 Viktoriia Bilet , Oleksiy Dovgoshey

We find a formula for the number of permutations of $[n]$ that have exactly $s$ runs up and down. The formula is at once terminating, asymptotic, and exact.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. Rodney Canfield , Herbert S. Wilf

We present a new sieve that allows us to find the prime numbers by using only regular patterns and, more importantly, avoiding any duplication of elements between them.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-01-21 Fabio Giraldo-Franco , Phil Dyke

An infinite permutation is a linear ordering of the set of non-negative integers. Generally, the properties of infinite permutations analogous to those of infinite words show some resemblances and some differences between permutations and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-09 S. V. Avgustinovich , A. E. Frid , T. Kamae , P. V. Salimov

Symmetry -- invariance to certain operators -- is a fundamental concept in many branches of physics. We propose ways to measure symmetric properties of vertices, and their surroundings, in networks. To be stable to the randomness inherent…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-06-29 Petter Holme

We consider uniform random permutations drawn from a family enumerated through generating trees. We develop a new general technique to establish a central limit theorem for the number of consecutive occurrences of a fixed pattern in such…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Jacopo Borga

The paper makes the observation that all orders of information entropy are equal in signals composed of repeating units of distinct symbols where the units can be classified as a member of a symmetry group. This leads to an improved metric…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-14 Reginald D. Smith

Permutons are probability measures on the unit square with uniform marginals that provide a natural way to describe limits of permutations. We are interested in the permuton limits for permutations sampled uniformly from certain…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Kaitlyn Hohmeier , Erik Slivken

We describe a very simple method for `consistent sampling' that allows for sampling with replacement. The method extends previous approaches to consistent sampling, which assign a pseudorandom real number to each element, and sample those…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Ronald L. Rivest

In this work, we established symmetric representation of numbers where one can use any of 9 digits giving the same number. The representations of natural numbers from 0 to 1000 are given using only single digit in all the nine cases, i.e.,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-02-13 Inder J. Taneja

We determine all pairs of positive integers $(a,b)$ such that $a+b$ and $a \times b$ have the same decimal digits in reverse order: \[ (2,2), (9,9), (3,24), (2,47), (2,497), (2,4997), (2,49997), \ldots \] We use deterministic finite…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Xander Faber , Jon Grantham

In a multi-base representation of an integer (in contrast to, for example, the binary or decimal representation) the base (or radix) is replaced by products of powers of single bases. The resulting numeral system has desirable properties…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Daniel Krenn , Dimbinaina Ralaivaosaona , Stephan Wagner