Related papers: Feasibility of Primality in Bounded Arithmetic
The study of real-time evolution of lattice quantum field theories using classical computers is known to scale exponentially with the number of lattice sites. Due to a fundamentally different computational strategy, quantum computers hold…
We provide an introduction to logarithmic potential theory in the complex plane that particularly emphasizes its usefulness in the theory of polynomial and rational approximation. The reader is invited to explore the notions of Fekete…
Weighted First Order Model Counting (WFOMC) is fundamental to probabilistic inference in statistical relational learning models. As WFOMC is known to be intractable in general ($\#$P-complete), logical fragments that admit polynomial time…
Finding cliques in random graphs and the closely related "planted" clique variant, where a clique of size t is planted in a random G(n,1/2) graph, have been the focus of substantial study in algorithm design. Despite much effort, the best…
The purpose of this note is to prove the existence of a randomized mechanism, a social decision scheme (SDS), with desirable fairness, efficiency, and strategyproofness properties unmatched by all known SDSs. In particular, we disprove a…
An apparently ideal way to generate continuous bounded stochastic processes is to consider the stochastically perturbed motion of a point of small mass in an infinite potential well, under overdamped approximation. Here, however, we show…
The aim of this paper is to give an effective version of the Strong Artin Approximation Theorem for binomial equations. First we give an effective version of the Greenberg Approximation Theorem for polynomial equations, then using the…
In this article, we provide an infinite family of examples to disprove a recent conjecture due to Ballantine and her collaborators on the injectivity of a class of maps, namely pre_k, defined on integer partitions. These maps arise from…
We provide a writeup of a resolution of Erd\H{o}s Problem #728; this is the first Erd\H{o}s problem (a problem proposed by Paul Erd\H{o}s which has been collected in the Erd\H{o}s Problems website) regarded as fully resolved autonomously by…
We introduce a truncated addition operation on pairs of N-bit binary numbers that interpolates between ordinary addition mod 2^N and bitwise addition in (Z/2Z)^N. We use truncated addition to analyze hash functions that are built from the…
Clustering is one of the most important tools for analysis of large datasets, and perhaps the most popular clustering algorithm is Lloyd's algorithm for $k$-means. This algorithm takes $n$ vectors $V=[v_1,\dots,v_n]\in\mathbb{R}^{d\times…
We establish new, and surprisingly tight, connections between propositional proof complexity and finite model theory. Specifically, we show that the power of several propositional proof systems, such as Horn resolution, bounded-width…
For a first-order theory $T$, the Constraint Satisfaction Problem of $T$ is the computational problem of deciding whether a given conjunction of atomic formulas is satisfiable in some model of $T$. In this article we develop sufficient…
We investigate the square variation operator $V^2$ (which majorizes the partial sum maximal operator) on general orthonormal systems (ONS) of size $N$. We prove that the $L^2$ norm of the $V^2$ operator is bounded by $O(\ln(N))$ on any ONS.…
The theorem of factorisation forests shows the existence of nested factorisations -- a la Ramsey -- for finite words. This theorem has important applications in semigroup theory, and beyond. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the…
This paper considers the problem of designing maximum distance separable (MDS) codes over small fields with constraints on the support of their generator matrices. For any given $m\times n$ binary matrix $M$, the GM-MDS conjecture, due to…
A surprising 'converse to the polynomial method' of Aaronson et al. (CCC'16) shows that any bounded quadratic polynomial can be computed exactly in expectation by a 1-query algorithm up to a universal multiplicative factor related to the…
We establish a second main theorem for algebraic tori with slow growth moving targets with truncation to level 1. As the first application of this result, we prove the Green-Griffith-Lang conjecture for projective spaces with $n+1$…
This paper proves the RLWE-PLWE equivalence for the maximal real subfields of the cyclotomic fields with conductor $n = 2^r p^s$, where $p$ is an odd prime, and $r \geq 0$ and $s \geq 1$ are integers. In particular, we show that the…
This work develops new foundations for the theory of linear codes over local Artinian commutative rings. We use algebraic invariants such as the socle, type, length, and minimal number of generators to measure the size of codes. We prove a…